Cho a > b > 0. CMR : \(a+\dfrac{1}{b\left(a-b\right)}\ge3\)
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\(a+\frac{1}{b\left(a-b\right)}=\left(a-b\right)+b+\frac{1}{b\left(a-b\right)}\)
Do a>b>0 nên a-b>0. Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si cho 3 số dương ta được:
\(\left(a-b\right)+b+\frac{1}{b\left(a-b\right)}\ge3\sqrt{\left(a-b\right).b.\frac{1}{b\left(a-b\right)}}=3\)
=>\(a+\frac{1}{b\left(a-b\right)}\ge3\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=2;b=1
Côsi:
\(VT=\left(a-b\right)+\frac{b+1}{2}+\frac{b+1}{2}+\frac{4}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b+1\right)^2}-1\)
\(\ge4\sqrt[4]{\left(a-b\right).\frac{b+1}{2}.\frac{b+1}{2}.\frac{4}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b+1\right)^2}}-1=3\)
Ở đây ko yêu cầu chỉ ra dấu bằng nên ta ko cần làm điều đó.
\(a-b+b+\frac{1}{b\left(a-b\right)}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(a-b\right)b.1}{b\left(a-b\right)}}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\b=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(VT=a-b+\frac{4}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b+1\right)^2}+\frac{b+1}{2}+\frac{b+1}{2}-1\)
\(VT\ge4\sqrt[4]{\frac{4\left(a-b\right)\left(b+1\right)^2}{4\left(a-b\right)\left(b+1\right)^2}}-1=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=1\\a=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\frac{a-b}{2}+\frac{a-b}{2}+\frac{1}{b\left(a-b\right)^2}+b\ge4\sqrt[4]{\frac{b\left(a-b\right)^2}{4b\left(a-b\right)^2}}=\frac{4}{\sqrt{2}}=2\sqrt{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\frac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}\\b=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
3/ Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM, ta có :
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(ab\right)^2}{\left(bc\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2a}{c}\)
\(\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(bc\right)^2}{\left(ac\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2b}{a}\)
\(\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(ac\right)^2}{\left(ab\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2c}{b}\)
Cộng 3 vế của BĐT trên ta có :
\(2\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\right)\ge2\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\ge\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\left(\text{đpcm}\right)\)
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+bc}+\frac{1}{b^2+ac}+\frac{1}{c^2+ab}\leq \frac{1}{2\sqrt{a^2.bc}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{b^2.ac}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{c^2.ab}}=\frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}}{2abc}\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{ab}\leq \frac{b+c}{2}+\frac{c+a}{2}+\frac{a+b}{2}=a+b+c\)
Do đó:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+bc}+\frac{1}{b^2+ac}+\frac{1}{c^2+ab}\leq \frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}}{2abc}\leq \frac{a+b+c}{2abc}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
\(b\left(a-b\right)\le\dfrac{\left(b+a-b\right)^2}{4}=\dfrac{a^2}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{b\left(a-b\right)}\ge\dfrac{4}{a^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow a+\dfrac{1}{b\left(a-b\right)}\ge a+\dfrac{4}{a^2}=\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{a}{2}+\dfrac{4}{a^2}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a}{2}\dfrac{a}{2}\dfrac{4}{a^2}}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{2}=\dfrac{4}{a^2}\\b=a-b\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\b=1\end{matrix}\right.\)