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Chứng minh rằng:
a) (a+b)(a2 - ab + b2) + (a-b)(a2 + ab + b2) = 2a3
b) a3 + b3 = (a+b)[ (a-b)2 + ab ]
a) \(VT=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)+\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\)
\(=a^3+b^3+a^3-b^3=2a^3=VP\)
b) \(VT=a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)\left[\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+ab\right]\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+ab\right]=VP\)
\(a,\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)+\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\)
\(=a^3+b^3+a^3-b^3=2a^3\left(ĐPCM\right)\)
\(b,a^3+b^3\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\)
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-2ab+b^2+ab\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+ab\right]\left(ĐPCM\right)\)
ap dung hang dang thuc
(a^3+b^3)+(a^3-b^3)=a^3+b^3+a^3-b^3=2a^3 (dpcm)
Ta có : \(VP=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=a\left(a+b\right)-b\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=a^2+ab-ab-b^2\)
\(VP=a^2-b^2=VT\left(đpcm\right)\)
b Tương tự .
1a)\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
b)\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{3}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{9}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2ac-2bc\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
2a)\(a^2+\dfrac{b^2}{4}\ge ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-ab+\dfrac{b^2}{4}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}b\cdot a+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}b\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-\dfrac{1}{2}b\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
b)Đã cm
c)\(a^2+b^2+1\ge ab+a+b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2\ge2ab+2a+2b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-2a+1\right)+\left(b^2-2b+1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=1
a) Ta có:
(a + b)2 >= 0 => a2 + b2 >= -2ab
(a - 1)2 >= 0 => a2 + 1 >= 2a
(b - 1)2 >= 0 => b2 + 1 >= 2b
Cộng từng vế ta được: 2a2 +2b2 +2 >= -2ab + 2a +2b => a2 + b2 + 1 >= -ab + a + b
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a= - b; a = 1; b = 1 không đạt được nên không xảy ra dấu bằng do đó:
a2 + b2 + 1 > -ab + a + b .đpcm.
b) a + b + c = 0 => a + b = -c => (a + b)3 = -c3 => a3 + 3a2b +3 ab2 + b3 = -c3
=> a3 + b3 + c3 = -3ab(a + b) (*)
Mà a + b + c = 0 => a + b = -c
=> (*) <=> a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc .đpcm.
a) Ta có: a2+b2+c2=ab+bc+ca
=>2(a2+b2+c2)=2(ab+bc+ca)
<=>2a2+2b2+2c2=2ab+2bc+2ca
<=>2a2+2b2+2c2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0
<=>a2+a2+b2+b2+c2+c2-2ab-2bc=2ca=0
<=>(aa-2ab+b2)+(b2-2bc+b2)+(a2-2ca+c2)=0
<=>(a-b)2+(b-c)2+(a-c)2=0
=>hoặc (a-b)2=0 hoặc (b-c)2=0 hoặc (a-c)2=0<=>a-b=0 hoặc b-c=0 hoặc a-c=0<=>a=b hoặc b=c hoặc a=c
=>a=b=c
(a - b)2 + (b - c)2 + (c - a)2 = 3(a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ca)
<=> (a - b)2 + (b - c)2 + (c - a)2 = \(\dfrac{3}{2}\)(2a2 + 2b2 + 2c2 - 2ab - 2bc - 2ca)
<=> (a - b)2 + (b - c)2 + (c - a)2 = \(\dfrac{3}{2}\)[(a2 - 2ab + b2) + (b2 - 2bc + c2) + (c2 - 2ca + a2)]
<=> (a - b)2 + (b - c)2 + (c - a)2 = \(\dfrac{3}{2}\)[(a - b)2 + (b - c)2 + (c - a)2]
<=> \(\dfrac{1}{2}\)[(a - b)2 + (b - c)2 + (c - a)2] = 0
<=> a = b = c
Cách 2 :
\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+c^2-2ac+a^2=3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)=3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
Do \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0;\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0;\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\forall a;b;c\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-b\right)^2=0\\\left(b-c\right)^2=0\\\left(c-a\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\b-c=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b\\b=c\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c\left(đpcm\right)\)
b, ta có a3+ b3 = (a+b)(a2-ab +b2)
= (a+b)(a2 -ab +b2 -ab +ab)
= (a+b) ( a2-2ab +b +ab)
=(a+b) [ (a2-b2) +ab ]
vậy ...........................
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