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\(...=A=x^3-3x^2+3x-1+1013\)
\(A=\left(x-1\right)^3+1013=\left(11-1\right)^3+1013=1000+1013=2013\)
\(...B=x^3-6x^2+12x-8-100\)
\(B=\left(x-2\right)^3-100=\left(12-2\right)^3-100=1000-100=900\)
\(...C=\left(x-2y\right)^3=\left(-2y-2y\right)^3=\left(-4y\right)^3=-64y^3\)
\(...D=x^3+9x^2+27x+9+2018\)
\(D=\left(x+3\right)^3+2018=\left(-23+3\right)^3+2018=-8000+2018=-5982\)
a) \(A=x^3-3x^2+3x+1012\)
\(A=x^3-3\cdot x^2\cdot1+3\cdot x\cdot1^2-1+1013\)
\(A=\left(x-1\right)^3+1013\)
Thay x=11 vào A ta có:
\(A=\left(11-1\right)^3+1013=10^3+1013=1000+1013=2013\)
b) \(B=x^3-6x^2+12x-108\)
\(B=x^3-3\cdot2\cdot x^2+3\cdot2^2\cdot x-8-100\)
\(B=\left(x-2\right)^3-100\)
Thay x=12 vào B ta có:
\(B=\left(12-2\right)^3-100=10^3-100=1000-100=900\)
c) \(C=x^3+6x^2y+12xy^2+8y^3\)
\(C=x^3+3\cdot2y\cdot x^2+3\cdot\left(2y\right)^2\cdot x+\left(2y\right)^3\)
\(C=\left(x+2y\right)^3\)
Thay x=-2y vào C ta được:
\(C=\left(-2y+2y\right)^3=0^3=0\)
d) \(D=x^3+9x^2+27x+2027\)
\(D=x^3+3\cdot3\cdot x^2+3\cdot3^2\cdot x+27+2000\)
\(D=\left(x+3\right)^3+2000\)
Thay x=-23 vào D ta có:
\(D=\left(-23+3\right)^3+2000=\left(-20\right)^3+2000=-8000+2000=-6000\)
\(\left(x+2y\right)^2-16=\left(x+2y-4\right)\left(x+2y+4\right)\)
\(\left(x-2y\right)^2-4\left(x-2y\right)+4=\left(x-2y-2\right)^2\)
\(\left(a^2+1\right)^2-6\left(a^2+1\right)+9=\left(a^2+1-3\right)^2=\left(a^2-2\right)^2\)
\(\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x+y\right)x+\frac{1}{4}x^2=\left(x+y+\frac{1}{2}x\right)^2=\left(\frac{3}{2}x+y\right)^2\)
\(16x^4-9x^2=x^2\left(16x^2-9\right)=x^2\left(4x-4\right)\left(4x+3\right)\)
\(a^2-b^4=\left(a-b^2\right)\left(a+b^2\right)\)
(x + 2y)2 - 16
= (x + 2y)2 - 42
= (x + 2y - 4).(x + 2y + 4)
(x - 2y)2 - 4.(x - 2y) + 4
= (x - 2y)2 - 2.(x - 2y).2 + 22
= (x - 2y - 2)2
(a2 + 1)2 - 6.(a2 + 1) + 9
= (a2 + 1)2 - 2.(a2 + 1).3 + 32
= (a2 + 1 - 3)2
= (a2 - 2)2
(x + y)2 + (x + y).x + 1/4.x2
= (x + y)2 + 2.(x + y).1/2.x + (1/2.x)2
= (x + y + 1/2.x)2
= (3/2.x + y)2
16x4 - 9x2
= (4x2)2 - (3x)2
= (4x2 - 3x).(4x2 + 3x)
a2 - b4
= a2 - (b2)2
= (a - b2).(a + b2)
\(A=x^2-2x+1-x^2+4=5-2x\)
\(B=27x^3+8-x^2+9=27x^3-x^2+17\)
\(C=3x^2y-6xy^2-2x\left(x^2-2x^2y+x^2y^2\right)=3x^2y-6xy^2-2x^3+4x^3y-2x^3y^2\)
Em chỉ cần nhớ hằng đẳng thức và áp dụng là biến đổi được ^^
\(4x^4-4x^2+1=\left(2x^2-1\right)^2\)
\(\left(x+2y\right)^2=x^2+4xy+4y^2\)
\(36-12x+x^2=\left(6-x\right)^2\)
\(\left(x+5y\right)^2=x^2+10xy+25y^2\)
\(4x^2-12x+9=\left(2x-3\right)^2\)
\(\left(x-2y\right)^2=x^2-4xy+4y^2\)
1: \(=-\left(x^2+2x+2\right)=-\left(x^2+2x+1+1\right)=-\left(x+1\right)^2-1< =-1\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-1
2: \(=-\left(4x^2-12x-10\right)\)
\(=-\left(4x^2-12x+9-19\right)\)
\(=-\left(2x-3\right)^2+19< =19\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=3/2
3: \(=-\left(x^2+4x+4-4\right)=-\left(x+2\right)^2+4< =4\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-2
Giải:
5) \(-x^2+x-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(=-x^2+x-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=-\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=-\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\le\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy ...
6) \(-\dfrac{1}{4}x^2+x-2\)
\(=-\dfrac{1}{4}x^2+x-1-1\)
\(=-\left(\dfrac{1}{4}x^2-x+1\right)-1\)
\(=-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x-1\right)^2-1\le-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{2}x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
Vậy ...
7) \(-\dfrac{1}{9}x^2-\dfrac{1}{3}x+1\)
\(=-\dfrac{1}{9}x^2-\dfrac{1}{3}x-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{5}{4}\)
\(=-\left(\dfrac{1}{9}x^2+\dfrac{1}{3}x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{5}{4}\)
\(=-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{5}{4}\le\dfrac{5}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{3}x+\dfrac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Vậy ...
8) \(-2x^2+2xy-2y^2+2x+2y-8\)
\(=-x^2+2xy-y^2+2x-x^2+2y-y^2-1-1-6\)
\(=-\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-\left(y^2-2y+1\right)-6\)
\(=-\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(y-1\right)^2-6\le-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0\\x-1=0\\y-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=1\)
Vậy ...
a: \(x^2+4x+4=\left(x+2\right)^2\)
b: \(9x^2+6x+1=\left(3x+1\right)^2\)
c: \(x^2+\left(-4y^2\right)=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)\)