TÌM MIN F=x^2-4x+y^2-8y+6
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\(F=x^2-4x+y^2-8y+6\)
\(=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+\left(y^2-8y+16\right)-14\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2-14\)
Nhận xét :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\\\left(y-4\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2-14\ge-14\)
\(\Leftrightarrow F\ge-14\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy..
Ta có:
x2 - 4x + y2 - 8y + 6
= (x2 - 2.2x + 22) + (y2 - 2.4y + 42) - 14
= (x - 2)2 + (y - 4)2 - 14 > = -14
Vậy FMin = -14 <=> (x;y) = (2;4)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a) \(A=x^2+6x+11\)
\(A=x^2+6x+9+2\)
\(A=\left(x+3\right)^2+2\)
Có: \(\left(x+3\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow\left(x+3\right)^2+2\ge2\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi: \(\left(x+3\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x+3=0\Rightarrow x=-3\)
Vậy: \(Min_A=2\) tại \(x=-3\)
b) \(B=4x-x^2+1\)
\(B=-x^2+4x-4+5\)
\(B=-\left(x-2\right)^2+5\)
\(B=5-\left(x-2\right)^2\)
Có: \(\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow5-\left(x-2\right)^2\le5\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi: \(\left(x-2\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x-2=0\Rightarrow x=2\)
Vậy: \(Max_B=5\) tại \(x=2\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
+) =\(\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)+3=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+3\ge3\)
=> GTNN =3 khi x=1 và y=-2
+) =\(\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+\left(y^2-8y+16\right)-14=\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2-14\ge-14\)
=> GTNN =-14 khi x=2 và y=4
e) ta có: \(x^2-2x+y^2+4y+8=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)+3\)
= \(\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+3\)\(\ge3\)
vậy min =3 . dấu = khi x=1; y=-2
f) ta có:\(x^2-4x+y^2-8y+6=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+\left(y^2-8y+16\right)-14\) =\(\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2+\left(-14\right)\ge\left(-14\right)\)
vậy min =-14 khi x=2;y=4.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a,<=> x2-4x+22+y2-8y+42-14
<=> (x2-2x2+22)+(y2-2x4+42)-14
<=> (x-2)2+(y-4)2-14
Vì (x-2)2+(y-4)2>= 0
=> F >= -14 => MIn F = -14 <=> x=2, y=4
b, <=> (x2+52+(2y)2-4xy+10x-20y) +(y2-2y+1)+2
<=> (x+5-2y )2+(y-1)2+2
Vì (x+5-2y) 2+(y-1)2 >= 0
=> G >= 2 => Min =2 <=> y=1, x= -3
\(F=x^2-4x+y^2-8y+6\)
\(F=\left(x^2-2.2x+2^2\right)+\left(y^2-2.4.y+4^2\right)-14\)
\(F=\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2-14\)
Ta có: \(\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\left(y-4\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2-14\ge-14\forall x\)
\(F=-14\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-2\right)^2=0\\\left(y-4\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=4\end{cases}}\)
Vậy \(F_{min}=-14\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=4\end{cases}}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có:
A = (x + 2)2 + (x - 3)2 = x2 + 4x + 4 + x2 - 6x + 9 = 2x2 - 2x + 13 = 2(x2 - x + 1/4) + 25/2 = 2(x - 1/2)2 + 25/2
Ta luôn có: (x - 1/2)2 \(\ge\) 0 \(\forall\)x ----> 2(x - 1/2)2 \(\ge\) 0 \(\forall\)x
=> 2(x - 1/2)2 + 25/2 \(\ge\) 25/2 \(\forall\)x
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: (x - 1/2)2 = 0 <=> x - 1/2 = 0 <=> x = 1/2
Vậy Amin = 25/2 tại x = 1/2
B = x2 - 4x + y2 - 8y + 6 = (x2 - 4x + 4) + (y2 - 8y + 16) - 14 = (x - 2)2 + (y - 4)2 - 14
Ta luôn có: (x - 2)2 \(\ge\)0 \(\forall\)x
(y - 4)2 \(\ge\)0 \(\forall\)y
=> (x - 2)2 + (y - 4)2 - 14 \(\ge\) -14 \(\forall\)x,y
hay B \(\ge\)-14 \(\forall\)x, y
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi : \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-2\right)^2=0\\\left(y-4\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\) <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-2=0\\x-4=0\end{cases}}\) <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=4\end{cases}}\)
Vậy Bmin = -14 tại x = 2 và y = 4
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
B = 2\(x^2\) - 4\(x\) - 8
B = 2(\(x^2\) - 2\(x\) + 4) - 16
B = 2(\(x-2\))2 - 16
Vì (\(x-2\))2 ≥ 0 ∀ \(x\) ⇒ 2(\(x-2\))2 ≥ 0 ∀ \(x\)
⇒ 2(\(x-2\))2 - 16 ≥ -16 ∀ \(x\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi (\(x-2\))2 = 0 ⇒ \(x-2=0\) ⇒ \(x=2\)
Vậy Bmin = -16 khi \(x=2\)
Tìm min của C biết:
C = \(x^2\) - 2\(xy\) + 2y2 + 2\(x\) - 10y + 17
C = (\(x^2\) - 2\(xy\) + y2) + 2(\(x\) - y) + y2 - 8y + 16 + 1
C = (\(x\) - y)2 + 2(\(x\) - y) + 1 + (y2 - 8y + 16)
C = (\(x-y+1\))2 + (y - 4)2
Vì (\(x\) - y + 1)2 ≥ 0 ∀ \(x;y\); (y - 4)2 ≥ 0 ∀ y
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y+1=0\\y-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y+1=0\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-4+1=0\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1+4\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy Cmin = 0 khi (\(x;y\)) = (3; 4)
(x2-4x+4) +(y2-8y+16) -20+6= ( x-2)2+(y-4)2-14 \(\ge\)-14
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-2=0\\y-4=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=4\end{cases}}\)