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1) 2x4 - 9x3 + 14x2 - 9x + 2 = 0
<=> (2x4 - 4x3) - (5x3 - 10x2) + (4x2 - 8x) - (x - 2) = 0
<=> 2x3(x - 2) - 5x2(x - 2) + 4x(x - 2) - (x - 2) = 0
<=> (2x3 - 5x2 + 4x - 1)(x - 2) = 0
<=> [(2x3 - 2x2) - (3x2 - 3x) + (x - 1)](x - 2) = 0
<=> [2x2(x - 1) - 3x(x - 1) + (x - 1)](x - 2) = 0
<=> (2x2 - 2x - x + 1)(x - 1)(x - 2) = 0
<=> (2x - 1)(x - 1)2(x - 2) = 0
<=> 2x - 1=0
hoặc x - 1 = 0
hoặc x - 2 = 0
<=> x = 1/2
hoặc x = 1
hoặc x = 2
Vậy S = {1/2; 1; 2}
a) \(x^2+x+1=\left(x^2+2.\dfrac{1}{2}x+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
ta có : \(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\) với mọi \(x\) \(\Rightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}>0\) với mọi \(x\) (đpcm)
b) \(2x^2+2x+1=2\left(x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)=2\left(\left(x^2+2.\dfrac{1}{2}x+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\)
\(=2\left(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)=2\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2}\)
ta có : \(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\) với mọi \(x\) \(\Rightarrow2\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}>0\) với mọi \(x\) (đpcm)
c) \(-9x^2+12x-15=-\left(9x^2-12x+15\right)=-\left(9x^2-2.3.2x+4+11\right)\)
\(=-\left(\left(3x-2\right)^2+11\right)=-\left(3x-2\right)^2-11\)
ta có : \(\left(3x-2\right)^2\ge0\) với mọi \(x\) \(\Rightarrow-\left(3x-2\right)^2-11\le-11< 0\) với mọi \(x\) (đpcm)
d) \(3x-x^2-4=-\left(x^2-3x+4\right)=-\left(\left(x^2-2.x.\dfrac{3}{2}+\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2\right)+\dfrac{7}{4}\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{7}{4}\) ta có \(\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\) với mọi \(x\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{7}{4}\le\dfrac{-7}{4}< 0\) với mọi \(x\) (đpcm)
e) \(6x-3x^2-5=-3\left(x^2-2x+\dfrac{5}{3}\right)=-3\left(\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\)
\(=-3\left(\left(x-1\right)^2+\dfrac{2}{3}\right)=-3\left(x-1\right)^2-2\)
ta có \(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\) với mọi \(x\) \(\Rightarrow-3\left(x-1\right)^2-2\le-2< 0\) với mọi \(x\) (đpcm)
Ta có : 12x2 + 8x = 0
<=> 4x(3x + 2) = 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}4x=0\\3x+2=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\3x=-2\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=-\frac{2}{3}\end{cases}}\)
a, 4x(3x - 2) = 0
=> x=0 hoac x= 2/3
b, 2x2 + 10x - x -5 =0
<=> (x + 5)(2x-1) =0
=> x = -5 hoac x = 1/2
a: \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+5}{2x-1}+\dfrac{2x-1}{x+5}-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+5\right)\left(x+5\right)+\left(2x-1\right)^2-2\left(2x-1\right)\left(x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+10x+25+4x^2-4x+1-2\left(2x^2+10x-x-5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x^2+6x+26-4x^2-18x+10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-12x+36=0\)
=>x=6
b: \(\dfrac{9x-27}{2x-7}-\dfrac{8x-28}{x-3}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\left(x-3\right)^2-4\left(2x-7\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x-9\right)^2-\left(4x-14\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x-9-4x+14\right)\left(3x-9+4x-14\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(5-x\right)\left(7x-23\right)=0\)
hay \(x\in\left\{5;\dfrac{23}{7}\right\}\)
a)\(x\left(x-2\right)-x+2=0\)
\(x\left(x-2\right)-\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(x-1=0\)
\(x=1\)
hoặc
\(x-2=0\)
\(x=2\)
b)\(x^2\left(x^2+1\right)-x^2-1=0\)
\(x^2\left(x^2+1\right)-\left(x^2+1\right)=0\)
\(\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)=0\)
\(x^2-1=0\)
\(x^2=1\)
x=1
hoặc
\(x^2+1=0\)
\(x^2=-1\)
c)2x(x-3)-4x+12=0
2x(x-3)-(4x-12)=0
2x(x-3)-4(x-3)=0
(2x-4)(x-3)=0
2x-4=0
2x=4
x=2
hoặc
x-3=0
x=3
d)\(9x^2-\left(2x+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\left(3x\right)^2-\left(2x+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\left(3x-2x-1\right)\left(3x+2x+1\right)=0\)
\(\left(x-1\right)\left(5x+1\right)=0\)
x-1=0
x=1
hoặc
5x+1=0
5x=-1
x=-0,2
\(\left(x+1\right)^2=4\left(x^2-2x+1\right)^2\\\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2=4\left(x-1\right)^2\\\Leftrightarrow \left(x+1\right)^2-4\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\Leftrightarrow \left(x+1\right)^2-\left(2x-2\right)^2=0\\\Leftrightarrow \left[\left(x+1\right)+\left(2x-2\right)\right]\left[\left(x+1\right)-\left(2x-2\right)\right] =0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x+1+2x-2\right)\left(x+1-2x+2\right)=0\\\Leftrightarrow \left(3x-1\right)\left(3-x\right)=0\\\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-1=0\\3-x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{1}{3}\\x=3\end{matrix}\right. \)
Vậy phương trình có tập nghiệm \(S=\left\{\frac{1}{3};3\right\}\)
\(\left(2x+7\right)^2=9\left(x+2\right)^2\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+7\right)^2-9\left(x+2\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+7\right)^2-\left(3x+6\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[\left(2x+7\right)+\left(3x+6\right)\right]\left[\left(2x+7\right)-\left(3x+6\right)\right]=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x+7+3x+6\right)\left(2x+7-3x-6\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(5x+13\right)\left(1-x\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}5x+13=0\\1-x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{-13}{5}\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy phương trình có tập nghiệm \(S=\left\{\frac{-13}{5};1\right\}\)
\(4\left(2x+7\right)^2=9\left(x+3\right)^2\\\Leftrightarrow 4\left(2x+7\right)^2-9\left(x+3\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(4x+14\right)^2-\left(3x+9\right)^2=0\\\Leftrightarrow \left[\left(4x+14\right)+\left(3x+9\right)\right]\left[\left(4x+14\right)-\left(3x+9\right)\right]=0\\\Leftrightarrow \left(4x+14+3x+9\right)\left(4x+14-3x-9\right)=0\\\Leftrightarrow \left(7x+23\right)\left(x+5\right)=0\\\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}7x+23=0\\x+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{-23}{7}\\x=-5\end{matrix}\right. \)
Vậy phương trình có tập nghiệm \(S=\left\{\frac{-23}{7};-5\right\}\)
Bài làm
a) ( x + 2 )2 - 9x2 = 0
<=> ( x + 2 - 3x )( x + 2 + 3x ) = 0
<=> ( 2 - 2x )( 2 + 4x ) = 0
<=> 2( 1 - x )2( 1 + 2x ) = 0
<=> 4( 1 - x )( 1 - 2x ) = 0
<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}1-x=0\\1-2x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy tập nghiệm phương trình S = { 1; 1/2 }
b) ( 2x - 1 )2 - ( x + 5 )2 = 0
<=> ( 2x - 1 - x - 5 )( 2x - 1 + x + 5 ) = 0
<=> ( x - 6 )( 3x - 4 ) = 0
<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-6=0\\3x-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\x=\frac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S = { 6; 4/3 }
\(\left(x+2\right)^2-9x^2=0\\\Leftrightarrow \left(x+2-3x\right)\left(x+2+3x\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(-2x+2\right)\left(4x+2\right)=0\\\Leftrightarrow \left[{}\begin{matrix}-2x+2=0\\4x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình trên là \(S=\left\{1;-\frac{1}{2}\right\}\)
\(\left(2x-1\right)^2-\left(x+5\right)^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1-x-5\right)\left(2x-1+x+5\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-6\right)\left(3x+4\right)=0\\\Leftrightarrow \left[{}\begin{matrix}x-6=0\\3x+4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\x=-\frac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình trên là \(S=\left\{6;-\frac{4}{3}\right\}\)