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\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}}< \sqrt{a+1}-\sqrt{a-1}\) <=> \(\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}}\right)^2< \left(\sqrt{a+1}-\sqrt{a-1}\right)^2\)
<=> \(\dfrac{1}{a}< \left(a+1\right)+\left(a-1\right)-2\sqrt{a^2-1}\)
<=> \(2\sqrt{a^2-1}< 2a-\dfrac{1}{a}\)
<=> \(4\left(a^2-1\right)< 2\left(2a-\dfrac{1}{a}\right)^2\) <=> \(\dfrac{1}{a^2}>0\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}}< \sqrt{a+1}-\sqrt{a-1}\) với mọi a ≥ 0=> đpcm.
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=1\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ca=abc\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{a+bc}=\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2+abc}{a}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{a}}\)
thiết lập tương tự ,bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh tương đương:
\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}{a}}\ge\sqrt{abc}+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\sqrt{bc\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\ge abc+\sqrt{abc}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sum\sqrt{\left(b^2+ab\right)\left(c^2+ac\right)}\ge abc+\sum a\sqrt{bc}\)
Điều này luôn đúng theo BĐT Bunyakovsky:
\(\sum\sqrt{\left(b^2+ab\right)\left(c^2+ac\right)}\ge\sum\left(bc+a\sqrt{bc}\right)=abc+\sum a\sqrt{bc}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c=3
\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+ac+bc}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\dfrac{a}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}\right)\) Chứng minh tương tự ta được:
\(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{b}{b+a}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}\right);\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{c+b}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+a}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{c+b}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a+b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{c+a}{c+a}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+1+1\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\) Dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+bc+ca}}=\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}\right)\) ; \(\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}\right)\)
Cộng vế:
\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
1: \(\Leftrightarrow a\sqrt{a}+b\sqrt{b}>=\sqrt{ab}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\)
=>\(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(a-\sqrt{ab}+b-\sqrt{ab}\right)>=0\)
=>\(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2>=0\)(luôn đúng)
a) Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy Shwarz dạng Engel, ta có:
\(A=\dfrac{x^2}{x-1}+\dfrac{y^2}{y-1}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x+y-2}\)
Đặt \(x+y=a\left(a>0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{a^2}{a-2}\)
\(=\dfrac{8\left(a-2\right)+\left(a^2-8a+16\right)}{a-2}\)
\(=8+\dfrac{\left(a-4\right)^2}{a-2}\ge8\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=2\)
b) Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy Shwarz dạng Engel, ta có:
\(A=\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{y}-1}+\dfrac{y}{\sqrt{z}-1}+\dfrac{z}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}-3}\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}=a\left(a>0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{a^2}{a-3}\)
\(=\dfrac{12\left(a-3\right)+\left(a^2-12a+36\right)}{a-3}\)
\(=12+\dfrac{\left(a-6\right)^2}{a-3}\ge12\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = y = z = 2
đặt a-1=x2;b-1=y2;c-1=z2 với x,y,z>0. Bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh trở thành
\(x+y+z\le\sqrt{\left(z^2+1\right)\left[\left(y^2+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)+1\right]}\)
áp dụng bđt Cauchy-Schwarz ta có \(x+y\le\sqrt{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(y^2+1\right)}\Rightarrow x+y+z\le\sqrt{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(y^2+1\right)+z}\left(1\right)̸\)
\(\sqrt{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(y^2+1\right)}+z\le\sqrt{\left(x^2+1\right)\left(y^2+1\right)+1}\cdot\sqrt{z^2+1}\)(2)
kết hợp (1) và (2) ta có \(x+y+z\le\sqrt{\left(z^2+1\right)\left[\left(x^2+1\right)\left(y^2+1\right)+1\right]}\)
vậy \(\sqrt{a-1}+\sqrt{b-1}+\sqrt{c-1}\le\sqrt{c\left(ab+1\right)}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Đề bài thiếu, chắc chắn phải có thêm 1 dữ kiện khác
Ví dụ, bạn cho \(a=b=c=1000\) sẽ thấy BĐT sai
\(\sqrt{a+1}-\sqrt{a-1}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a+1}-\sqrt{a-1}\right)\left(\sqrt{a+1}+\sqrt{a-1}\right)}{\sqrt{a+1}+\sqrt{a-1}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{a+1}+\sqrt{a-1}}\)
Mà \(1.\sqrt{a+1}+1.\sqrt{a-1}< \sqrt{\left(1+1\right)\left(a+1+a-1\right)}=2\sqrt{a}\) (dấu "=" của BĐT Bunhia ko xảy ra)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{a+1}+\sqrt{a-1}}>\dfrac{2}{2\sqrt{a}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}}\)
Hay \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}}< \sqrt{a+1}-\sqrt{a-1}\) (đpcm)