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a) Ta có:
2A=2.(12+122+123+...+122020+122021)2�=2.12+122+123+...+122 020+122 021
2A=1+12+122+123+...+122019+1220202�=1+12+122+123+...+122 019+122 020
Suy ra: 2A−A=(1+12+122+123+...+122019+122020)2�−�=1+12+122+123+...+122 019+122 020
−(12+122+123+...+122020+122021)−12+122+123+...+122 020+122 021
Do đó A=1−122021<1�=1−122021<1.
Lại có B=13+14+15+1360=20+15+12+1360=6060=1�=13+14+15+1360=20+15+12+1360=6060=1.
Vậy A < B.
\(B=\dfrac{1}{2}-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^4+...-\dfrac{1}{2022}+\dfrac{1}{2023}\\ \Rightarrow B=\dfrac{2}{2^2}-\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{2}{2^4}-\dfrac{1}{2^4}+...+\dfrac{2}{2^{2024}}-\dfrac{1}{2^{2024}}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^4}+\dfrac{1}{2^6}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2024}}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\dfrac{2^{2022}}{2^{2024}}+\dfrac{2^{2020}}{2^{2024}}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{2024}}\\ \Rightarrow2^2B=\dfrac{2^{2024}}{2^{2024}}+\dfrac{2^{2022}}{2^{2024}}+...+\dfrac{2^2}{2^{2024}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4B-B=\dfrac{2}{2^{2024}}-\dfrac{1}{2^{2024}}\\ \Rightarrow3B=1-\left(\dfrac{2}{2^{2024}}+\dfrac{1}{2^{2024}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3B=1-\dfrac{3}{2^{2024}}\\ \Rightarrow B=\dfrac{1-\dfrac{3}{2^{2024}}}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\dfrac{3\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{2^{2024}}\right)}{3}\\ B=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{2^{2024}}\)
\(A=\dfrac{2-1}{2!}+\dfrac{3-1}{3!}+\dfrac{4-1}{4!}+...+\dfrac{2022-1}{2022!}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{2!}+\dfrac{3}{3!}+\dfrac{4}{4!}+...+\dfrac{2022}{2022!}-\left(\dfrac{1}{2!}+\dfrac{1}{3!}+\dfrac{1}{4!}+...+\dfrac{1}{2022!}\right)\)
\(=1+\dfrac{1}{2!}+\dfrac{1}{3!}+...+\dfrac{1}{2021!}-\left(\dfrac{1}{2!}+\dfrac{1}{3!}+...+\dfrac{1}{2021!}+\dfrac{1}{2022!}\right)\)
\(=1-\dfrac{1}{2022!}\)
A=1/2^2+1/3^2+...+1/2022^2<1-1/2+1/2-1/3+...+1/2021-1/2022<1
mà A>0
nên 0<A<1
=>A ko là số tự nhiên
A = \(\dfrac{\dfrac{2022}{1}+\dfrac{2021}{2}+\dfrac{2020}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2022}}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2023}}\)
Xét TS = \(\dfrac{2022}{1}\) + \(\dfrac{2021}{2}\) \(\dfrac{2020}{3}\) +... + \(\dfrac{1}{2022}\)
TS = (1 + \(\dfrac{2021}{2}\)) + (1 + \(\dfrac{2020}{3}\)) + ... + ( 1 + \(\dfrac{1}{2022}\)) + 1
TS = \(\dfrac{2023}{2}\) + \(\dfrac{2023}{3}\) +...+ \(\dfrac{2023}{2022}\) + \(\dfrac{2023}{2023}\)
TS = 2023.(\(\dfrac{1}{2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{4}\) +...+ \(\dfrac{1}{2023}\))
A = \(\dfrac{2023.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2023}\right)}{\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2023}\right)}\)
A = 2023
\(1+2+...+n=\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{n-1}{1}+1\right).\left(n+1\right)}{2}=\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2}\)
\(M=\dfrac{3}{1+2}+\dfrac{3}{1+2+3}+...+\dfrac{3}{1+2+...+2022}\)
\(=3\left(\dfrac{1}{1+2}+\dfrac{1}{1+2+3}+...+\dfrac{1}{1+2+...+2022}\right)\)
\(=3\left(\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{2.\left(2+1\right)}{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{3.\left(3+1\right)}{2}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{2022.\left(2022+1\right)}{2}}\right)\)
\(=3\left(\dfrac{2}{2.3}+\dfrac{2}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{2}{2022.2023}\right)\)
\(=3.2.\left(\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2022.2023}\right)\)
\(=6.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2022}-\dfrac{1}{2023}\right)\)
\(=6.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2023}\right)\)
\(=6.\dfrac{2021}{4046}=3.\dfrac{2021}{2023}=\dfrac{6063}{2023}=\dfrac{18189}{6069}\)
\(\dfrac{10}{3}=\dfrac{20230}{6069}>\dfrac{18189}{6069}=M\)
C = 1 - 2 + 22 - 23 + 24 -...+ 22022
2C = 2 - 22 + 23 - 24 +...- 22022 + 22023
2C + C = 22023 + 1
3C = 22023 + 1
C = \(\dfrac{2^{2023}+1}{3}\)