Cho cac bieu thuc :
P = ( a + 1 )2 + ( b + 1 )2 + ( c + 1 )2 + 2 ( ab + ac + bc )
Q = ( a + b + c + 1 )2
Tinh P - Q
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\(ab-ac+bc=c^2-1\)
\(ab-ac+bc-c^2=-1\)
\(a\left(b-c\right)+c\left(b-c\right)=-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+c\right)\left(b-c\right)=-1\)
=> a + c = 1 thì b - c = - 1; a + c = - 1 thì b - c = 1 => a + c và b - c đối nhau
\(\Rightarrow a+c=-\left(b-c\right)\)
\(a+c=-b+c\)
\(\Rightarrow a=-b\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{a}{b}=-1\)
cho a,b,c khac nhau doi mot va 1/a+1/b+1/c=0.rut gon cac bieu thuc
N=bc/a^2+2bc+CA/B^2+2AC+AB/C^2+2AB
\(A^2=\frac{a^2b^2}{c^2}+\frac{b^2c^2}{a^2}+\frac{c^2a^2}{b^2}+2\left(b^2+c^2+a^2\right)=\frac{a^2b^2}{c^2}+\frac{b^2c^2}{a^2}+\frac{c^2a^2}{b^2}+2\)
Áp dụng Côsi: \(\frac{a^2b^2}{c^2}+\frac{b^2c^2}{a^2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2b^2}{c^2}.\frac{b^2c^2}{a^2}}=2\sqrt{b^4}=2b^2\)
Tương tự \(\frac{b^2c^2}{a^2}+\frac{c^2a^2}{b^2}\ge2c^2;\text{ }\frac{c^2a^2}{b^2}+\frac{a^2b^2}{c^2}\ge2a^2\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(\frac{a^2b^2}{c^2}+\frac{b^2c^2}{a^2}+\frac{c^2a^2}{b^2}\right)\ge2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2b^2}{c^2}+\frac{b^2c^2}{a^2}+\frac{c^2a^2}{b^2}\ge1\)
\(\Rightarrow A^2\ge1+2=3\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(a+b+c=abc\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=1\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a};\frac{1}{b};\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx=1\)
\(VT=\frac{x^2yz}{1+yz}+\frac{xy^2z}{1+zx}+\frac{xyz^2}{1+xy}=\frac{x^2yz}{xy+yz+yz+zx}+\frac{xy^2z}{xy+zx+yz+zx}+\frac{xyz^2}{xy+yz+xy+zx}\)
\(VT\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{x^2yz}{xy+yz}+\frac{x^2yz}{yz+zx}+\frac{xy^2z}{xy+zx}+\frac{xy^2z}{yz+zx}+\frac{xyz^2}{xy+yz}+\frac{xyz^2}{xy+zx}\right)\)
\(VT\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{x^2y}{x+y}+\frac{xy^2}{x+y}+\frac{y^2z}{y+z}+\frac{yz^2}{y+z}+\frac{x^2z}{x+z}+\frac{xz^2}{x+z}\right)\)
\(VT\le\frac{1}{4}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=\frac{1}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
Ta có:\(P=a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}+b^2+\frac{1}{b^2}+c^2+\frac{1}{c^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+\frac{9}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)(bđt cauchy-schwarz)
\(P\ge\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{81}+\frac{9}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{80\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{81}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{2}{3}+\frac{80\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{81}\left(AM-GM\right)\)
Sử dụng đánh giá quen thuộc:\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}=27\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{2}{3}+\frac{80\cdot27}{81}=\frac{82}{3}\)
"="<=>a=b=c=3
Thêm đk \(a,b,c\ne0\)
Ta có: \(\frac{ab}{a+b}=\frac{1}{3}\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}=3\)
\(\frac{bc}{b+c}=\frac{1}{4}\Rightarrow\frac{bc}{b+c}=4\)
\(\frac{ca}{c+a}=\frac{1}{5}\Rightarrow\frac{c+a}{ca}=5\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}+\frac{b+c}{bc}+\frac{c+a}{ca}=12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}=12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=6\)