1. Tìm số nguyên:
a, xy - x - y = 2
b, 2x2 + 3xy - 2y2 = 7
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ND
1
Những câu hỏi liên quan
ND
2
14 tháng 8 2023
a) \(2x^2-3xy-2y^2=2\)
\(\Rightarrow2x^2+xy-4xy-2y^2=2\)
\(\Rightarrow x\left(2x+y\right)-2y\left(2x+y\right)=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2x+y\right)\left(x-2y\right)=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2x+y\right);\left(x-2y\right)\in\left\{-1;1;-2;2\right\}\)
Ta giải các hệ phương trình sau với x;y nguyên
1) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y=-1\\x-2y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+2y=-2\\x-2y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x=-4\left(loại\right)\\x-2y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
2) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y=1\\x-2y=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+2y=2\\x-2y=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x=4\left(loại\right)\\x-2y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
3) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y=-2\\x-2y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+2y=-4\\x-2y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x=-5\\y=\dfrac{x+1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
4) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y=2\\x-2y=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+2y=4\\x-2y=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x=5\\y=\dfrac{x+1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(-1;0\right);\left(1;1\right)\right\}\)
14 tháng 8 2023
b) \(xy-y+x=9\)
\(\Rightarrow y\left(x-1\right)+x-1+1=9\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(y+1\right)=8\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right);\left(y+1\right)\in\left\{-1;1;-2;2;-4;4;-8;8\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(0;-9\right);\left(2;7\right);\left(-1;-5\right);\left(3;3\right);\left(-3;-3\right);\left(5;1\right);\left(-7;-2\right);\left(9;0\right)\right\}\)
27 tháng 8 2021
Ta có: \(2x^2+xy+2y^2=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y\right)^2\)
Theo BĐT Bunhacopxky: \(\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(1+1\right)\ge\left(x+y\right)^2\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2\\ \Rightarrow2x^2+xy+2y^2=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y\right)^2\ge\dfrac{5}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2\\ \Rightarrow\sqrt{2x^2+xy+2y^2}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(x+y\right)\)
Chứng minh tương tự:
\(\sqrt{2y^2+yz+2z^2}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(y+z\right)\\ \sqrt{2z^2+xz+2x^2}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(x+z\right)\)
Cộng vế theo vế, ta được: \(P\ge\sqrt{5}\left(x+y+z\right)=\sqrt{5}\cdot1=\sqrt{5}\)
Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
27 tháng 8 2021
Bạn tham khảo nhé
https://hoc24.vn/cau-hoi/cho-cac-so-duong-xyz-thoa-man-xyz1cmrcan2x2xy2y2can2y2yz2z2can2z2zx2x2can5.182722154737
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
13 tháng 1
a.
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-4x+4y^2=4xy+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2y\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2=8\) (1)
Do \(\left(x-2y\right)^2\ge0;\forall x;y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2\le8\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2=\left\{0;1;4\right\}\)
TH1: \(\left(x-2\right)^2\Rightarrow x=2\) thế vào (1)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2-2y\right)^2=8\Rightarrow\left(1-y\right)^2=2\) (ko tồn tại y nguyên t/m do 2 ko phải SCP)
TH2: \(\left(x-2\right)^2=1\Rightarrow\left(x-2y\right)^2=8-1=7\), mà 7 ko phải SCP nên pt ko có nghiệm nguyên
TH3: \(\left(x-2\right)^2=4\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\) thế vào (1):
- Với \(x=0\Rightarrow\left(-2y\right)^2+4=8\Rightarrow y^2=1\Rightarrow y=\pm1\)
- Với \(x=2\Rightarrow\left(2-2y\right)^2+4=8\Rightarrow\left(1-y\right)^2=1\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=0\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy pt có các cặp nghiệm là:
\(\left(x;y\right)=\left(0;1\right);\left(0;-1\right);\left(2;0\right);\left(2;2\right)\)
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
13 tháng 1
b.
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+4y^2+4xy-4x=14\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+4xy+4y^2\right)+\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=18\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2y\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2=18\) (1)
Lý luận tương tự câu a ta được
\(\left(x-2\right)^2\le18\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2=\left\{0;1;4;9;16\right\}\)
Với \(\left(x-2\right)^2=\left\{0;1;4;16\right\}\) thì \(18-\left(x-2\right)^2\) ko phải SCP nên ko có giá trị nguyên x;y thỏa mãn
Với \(\left(x-2\right)^2=9\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) thế vào (1)
- Với \(x=5\Rightarrow\left(5+2y\right)^2+9=18\Rightarrow\left(5+2y\right)^2=9\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}5+2y=3\\5+2y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=-1\\y=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
- Với \(x=-1\Rightarrow\left(-1+2y\right)^2=9\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-1+2y=3\\-1+2y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=2\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(5;-1\right);\left(5;-4\right);\left(-1;3\right);\left(-1;-3\right)\)
TN
2
NT
Nguyễn Thị Thương Hoài
Giáo viên
VIP
26 tháng 12 2022
a, 3x ( y+1) + y + 1 = 7
(y+1)(3x +1) =7
th1 : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y+1=1\\3x+1=7\end{matrix}\right.\) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=0\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
th2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y+1=-1\\3x+1=-7\end{matrix}\right.\)=> x = -8/3 (loại)
th3: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y+1=7\\3x+1=1\end{matrix}\right.\)=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=6\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
th 4 : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y+1=-7\\3x+1=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)=> x=-2/3 (loại)
Vậy (x,y)= (2 ;0); (0; 6)
b, xy - x + 3y - 3 = 5
(x( y-1) + 3( y-1) = 5
(y-1)(x+3) = 5
th1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y-1=1\\x+3=5\end{matrix}\right.\) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2\\x=8\end{matrix}\right.\)
th2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y-1=-1\\x+3=-5\end{matrix}\right.\) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=0\\x=-8\end{matrix}\right.\)
th3: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y-1=5\\x+3=1\end{matrix}\right.\) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=6\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
th4: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y-1=-5\\x+3=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) => \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-4\\x=-4\end{matrix}\right.\)
vậy (x, y) = ( 8; 2); ( -8; 0); (-2; 6); (-4; -4)
c, 2xy + x + y = 7 => y = \(\dfrac{7-x}{2x+1}\) ; y ϵ Z ⇔ 7-x ⋮ 2x+1
⇔ 14 - 2x ⋮ 2x + 1 ⇔ 15 - 2x - 1 ⋮ 2x + 1
th1 : 2x + 1 = -1=> x = -1; y = \(\dfrac{7-(-1)}{-1.2+1}\) = -8
th2: 2x+ 1 = 1=> x =0; y = 7
th3: 2x+1 = -3 => x = x=-2 => y = \(\dfrac{7-(-2)}{-2.2+1}\) = -3
th4: 2x+ 1 = 3 => x = 1 => y = \(\dfrac{7+1}{2.1+1}\) = 2
th5: 2x + 1 = -5 => x = -3=> y = \(\dfrac{7-(-3)}{-3.2+1}\) = -2
th6: 2x + 1 = 5 => x = 2; ; y = \(\dfrac{7-2}{2.2+1}\) =1
th7 : 2x + 1 = -15 => x = -8; y = \(\dfrac{7-(-8)}{-8.2+1}\) = -1
th8 : 2x+1 = 15 => x = 7; y = \(\dfrac{7-7}{2.7+1}\) = 0
kết luận
(x,y) = (-1; -8); (0 ;7); ( -2; -3) ; ( 1; 2); ( -3; -2); (2;1); (-8;-1);(7;0)
26 tháng 12 2022
3xy−2x+5y=293xy−2x+5y=29
9xy−6x+15y=879xy−6x+15y=87
(9xy−6x)+(15y−10)=77(9xy−6x)+(15y−10)=77
3x(3y−2)+5(3y−2)=773x(3y−2)+5(3y−2)=77
(3y−2)(3x+5)=77(3y−2)(3x+5)=77
⇒(3y−2)⇒(3y−2) và (3x+5)(3x+5) là Ư(77)=±1,±7,±11,±77Ư(77)=±1,±7,±11,±77
Ta có bảng giá trị sau:
Do x,y∈Zx,y∈Z nên (x,y)∈{(−4;−3),(−2;−25),(2;3),(24;1)}
KL
1
26 tháng 9 2021
\(x^3+y^3-2x^2-2y^2+3xy\left(x+y\right)-4xy+3\left(x+y\right)+10=\left[x^3+y^3+3xy\left(x+y\right)\right]-2\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+3\left(x+y\right)+10=\left(x+y\right)^3-2\left(x+y\right)^2+3\left(x+y\right)+10=5^3-2.5^2+3.5+10=100\)
\(a,xy-x-y=2\\ x\left(y-1\right)-y=2\\ x\left(y-1\right)-y+1=2+1\\ x\left(y-1\right)-\left(y-1\right)=3\\ \left(y-1\right)\left(x-1\right)=3\\ Th1:x-1=-1=>x=0\\ y-1=-3=>y=-2\\ Th2:x-1=-3 =>x=-2\\ y-1=-1=> y=0\\ Th3:x-1=3=> x=4\\ y-1=1=>y=2\\ Th4:x-1=1=>x=2\\ y-1=3=>y=4\)
Vậy......
\(b,2x^2+3xy-2y^2=7\\ 2x^2+\left(4xy-xy\right)-2y^2=7\\ x\left(2x-y\right)+2y\left(2x-y\right)=7\\ \left(2x-y\right)\cdot\left(x+2y\right)=7\)
Nếu 2x-y=1; x+2y = 7
=> 2(2x-y) + x + 2y = 9
=> 4x - 2y + x +2y = 9
=> (4x+x) + (2y-2y) = 9
=> 5x + 0 = 9
=> x = 9/5 (ktm)
Nếu 2x-y=7; x+2y = 1
=> 2(2x-y) + x+ 2y = 15
=> 4x - 2y + x +2y =15
=> (4x +x)+ (2y-2y) =15
=> 5x +0 =15
=> x= 3 (tm)
=> y= -1 (Tm)
Nếu 2x-y=-7; x+2y = -1
=> 2(2x-y) + x+ 2y = -15
=> 4x - 2y + x +2y =-15
=> (4x +x)+ (2y-2y) =-15
=> 5x +0 =-15
=> x= -3 (tm)
=> y= 1 (tm)
Nếu 2x-y=-1 ; x+2y = -7
=> 2(2x-y) + x+ 2y = -9
=> 4x - 2y + x +2y = -9
=> (4x +x)+ (2y-2y) =-9
=> 5x +0 =-9
=> x= -9/5 (ktm)
=> y= -1
Vậy.........