A=1/3+2/3^2+3/3^3+...+2008/3^2008 .CMR:A<3/4
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- Đặt \(S=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}+...+\frac{2008}{3^{2008}}\)(1)
- Ta có: \(\frac{1}{3}S=\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{2}{3^3}+\frac{3}{3^4}+...+\frac{2007}{3^{2008}}+\frac{2008}{3^{2009}}\)(2)
- Trừ vế với vế 2 đửng thức (1) và (2) ta có:
\(S-\frac{1}{3}S=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{3^4}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2007}}+\frac{1}{3^{2008}}-\frac{2008}{3^{2009}}<\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{3^4}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2007}}+\frac{1}{3^{2008}}\)(3)
- Đặt \(P=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{3^4}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2007}}+\frac{1}{3^{2008}}\)
- \(\left(1-\frac{1}{3}\right)P=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{3^4}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2007}}+\frac{1}{3^{2008}}-\left(\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^3}+\frac{1}{3^4}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2008}}+\frac{1}{3^{2009}}\right)=\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3^{2009}}<\frac{1}{3}\)
- \(\frac{2}{3}P<\frac{1}{3}\Rightarrow P<\frac{1}{2}\)(4)
- Từ (3) và (4)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2}{3}S<\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow S<\frac{3}{4}\)(ĐPCM)
\(B=2008+\frac{2007}{2}+\frac{2006}{3}+\frac{2005}{4}+...+\frac{2}{2007}+\frac{1}{2008}\)
\(=1+1+\frac{2007}{2}+1+\frac{2006}{3}+...+1+\frac{1}{2008}\)
\(=\frac{2009}{2009}+\frac{2009}{2}+\frac{2009}{3}+...+\frac{2009}{2008}\)
\(=2009\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2008}+\frac{1}{2009}\right)\)
Suy ra \(A=2009\).
Đặt A =\(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}+...+\frac{2008}{3^{2008}}\)
Suy ra 3A = \(1+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}+...+\frac{2008}{3^{2007}}\)=> 2A = 3A - A = \(1+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}+...+\frac{2008}{3^{2007}}-\frac{1}{3}-\frac{2}{3^2}-\frac{3}{3^3}-...-\frac{2008}{3^{3008}}\)= \(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{2007}}-\frac{2008}{3^{2008}}\)
= \(\frac{3}{2}-\frac{1}{2.3^{2007}}\)Suy ra A = \(\frac{3}{4}-\frac{1}{8.3^{2007}}\)<\(\frac{3}{4}\)(ĐPCM)