Cho a - \(\frac{1}{a}\) = 2. Tính a \(^2\)+ \(\frac{1}{a^2}\) ; a \(^3\)+ \(\frac{1}{a^3}\); a \(^4\)+ \(\frac{1}{a^4}\).
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bạn tìm trong nâng cao phát triển toán 9 tập 1 ấy nó có ở đấy
1. a + b + c = 0 \(\Rightarrow\)a + b = -c \(\Rightarrow\)( a + b )2 = ( -c )2 \(\Rightarrow\)a2 + b2 - c2 = -2ab
Tương tự : b2 + c2 - a2 = -2bc ; c2 + a2 - b2 = -2ac
Ta có : \(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2-c^2}+\frac{1}{b^2+c^2-a^2}+\frac{1}{c^2+a^2-b^2}\)
\(=\frac{1}{-2ab}+\frac{1}{-2bc}+\frac{1}{-2ac}=\frac{-1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)\)
\(=\frac{-1}{2}\left(\frac{a+b+c}{abc}\right)=0\)
2. tương tự
3,4 . có ở dưới, câu hỏi của Quyết Tâm chiến thắng
đề ko có d nha bạn :
=> sửa lại : cho a+b+c =0 . CM: ...........
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a , Ta có : \(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=-c\\b+c=-a\\c+a=-b\end{cases}}\)
=> M = \(\left(1+\frac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\frac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}{abc}=\frac{\left(-c\right)\left(-a\right)\left(-b\right)}{abc}=-1\)
\(a+b+c=0\) nha
a có bạn làm rồi mình làm ý b thôi nak
\(a+b+c=0\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=-c\\a+c=-b\\b+c=-a\end{cases}}\)
\(N=\frac{1}{b^2+c^2-a^2}+\frac{1}{a^2+c^2-b^2}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2-c^2}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\left(b^2+2bc+c^2\right)-a^2-2bc}+\frac{1}{\left(a^2+2ac+c^2\right)-b^2-2ac}+\frac{1}{\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)-c^2-2ab}\)
\(\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)^2-a^2-2bc}+\frac{1}{\left(a+c\right)^2-b^2-2ac}+\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2-c^2-2ab}\)
\(=\frac{1}{-2bc}+\frac{1}{-2ab}+\frac{1}{-2ab}\)
\(=\frac{a+b+c}{-2abc}=0\)
Mình giúp phần a thôi, phần b chir là áp dụng không có gì khó cả.
\(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{a+b+c}{abc}\right)=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\left(a+b+c=0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}}=\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}=\left|\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right|\left(đpcm\right)\)
b, \(A=\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{2^2}}+\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}}+...+\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{399^2}+\frac{1}{400^2}}\)
\(A=\sqrt{\frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{\left(-2\right)^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{\left(-3\right)^2}}+...+\sqrt{\frac{1}{1^2}+\frac{1}{399^2}+\frac{1}{\left(-400\right)^2}}\)
có 1 + 1 - 2 = 1 + 2 - 3 = ... + 1 + 399 - 400 = 0
nên theo câu a ta có :
\(A=\left|1+\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}\right|+\left|1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}\right|+...+\left|1+\frac{1}{399}-\frac{1}{400}\right|\)
A = 1 + 1 -1/2 + 1 + 1/2 - 1/3 + 1 + 1/3 - 1/4 + ... + 1 + 1/399 - 1/400
= 400 1/400
= 159999/400
=\(\frac{1}{1.1}+\frac{1}{2.2}+\frac{1}{3.3}+\frac{1}{4.4}+..+\frac{1}{50.50}\)
=>\(\frac{1}{2.2}< \frac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\frac{1}{3.3}< \frac{1}{2.3}\)..........
\(\frac{1}{50.50}< \frac{1}{49.50}\)
=> \(1+\left(\frac{1}{2.2}+\frac{1}{3.3}+...+\frac{1}{50.50}\right)< \)\(1+\left(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{49.50}\right)\)
Đặt B=\(1+\left(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{49.50}\right)\)
=\(1+\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{50}\right)\)
=\(1+\left(\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{50}\right)\)
=\(1+\left(\frac{50}{50}-\frac{1}{50}\right)\)
=\(1+\frac{49}{50}\)
=\(\frac{99}{50}\)
Vậy A=\(\frac{99}{50}\)= 1,98
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{bc+ca+ab}{abc}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow bc+ca+ab=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}bc=-ab-ca\\ca=-ab-bc\\ab=-ca-bc\end{cases}}\)
Ta có : \(A=\frac{a^2}{a^2+2bc}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+2ac}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+2ab}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{a^2}{a^2+bc-ab-ca}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+ac-ab-bc}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+ab-ca-bc}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{a^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\frac{b^2}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\frac{c^2}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{a^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}-\frac{b^2}{\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)}+\frac{c^2}{\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{a^2\left(b-c\right)-b^2\left(a-c\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{a^2\left(b-c\right)-b^2\left[\left(b-c\right)+\left(a-b\right)\right]+c^2\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{a^2\left(b-c\right)-b^2\left(b-c\right)-b^2\left(a-b\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{\left(a^2-b^2\right)\left(b-c\right)-\left(b^2-c^2\right)\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)-\left(b+c\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)-\left(b+c\right)\right]}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}=1\)
gọi 1/a2 + 1/b2 + 1/c2 là M ta có:
abc=a+b+c => 1 = 1/ab + 1/bc + 1/ac
2 = 1/a+1/b+1/c => 4 = 1/a^2 + 1/b^2 + 1/c^2 + 2/ab + 2/ac + 2/cb
=> 4 = 1/a^2 + 1/b^2 + 1/c^2 + 2(1/ab + 1/ac + 1/bc) = M + 2
=> M = 4 - 2 = 2
Ta có:
a+b+c=abc (1)
Chia cả hai vế của(1) cho abc,ta được:
1/bc+1/ac+1/ab=1 (*)
1/a+1/b+1/c=2 (2)
Nhân cả hai vế của(2) với: (1/a+1/b+1/c)
ta được:
(1/a+1b+1/c)(1/a+1/b+1/c)=2(1/a+1/b+1/c)
=>[(1/a)^2+(1/b)^2+(1/c)^2]+2(1/ab+1/bc+1/ac)=2(1/a+1/b+1/c)
Vì 1/ab+1/bc+1/ac=1 và 1/a+1/b+1/c=2
=>(1/a)^2+(1/b)^2+(1/c)^2=4-2=2
Vậy (1/a)^2+(1/b)^2+(1/c)^2=2
A.2=2 +2^2+2^3+...+2^6
b,A.2-A=(2+2^2+2^3+...+2^6)-(1+2+2^2+...+2^5)
A=2^6-1
Đặt \(u=\frac{x}{a};\) và \(v=\frac{y}{b}\) \(\Rightarrow\) \(\hept{\begin{cases}u,v\in Z\\u+v=1\\uv=-2\end{cases}}\)
Khi đó, ta có:
\(u+v=1\)
nên \(\left(u+v\right)^3=1\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(u^3+v^3+3uv\left(u+v\right)=1\)
Do đó, \(u^3+v^3=1-3uv\left(u+v\right)=1+6=7\)
Vậy, \(\frac{x^3}{a^3}+\frac{y^3}{b^3}=7\)
\(ĐK:\) \(a,b,c\ne0\)
Ta có:
\(a+b+c=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(a+b=-c\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\left(a+b\right)^2=\left(-c\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(a^2+b^2+2ab=c^2\)
nên \(a^2+b^2-c^2=-2ab\)
Tương tự với vòng hoán vị \(b\rightarrow c\rightarrow a\) ta cũng suy ra được:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}b^2+c^2-a^2=-2bc\\c^2+a^2-b^2=-2ca\end{cases}}\)
Khi đó, biểu thức \(P\) được viết lại dưới dạng:
\(P=-\frac{1}{2bc}-\frac{1}{2ca}-\frac{1}{2ab}=-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)=-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a+b+c}{abc}\right)=0\) (do \(a,b,c\ne0\) )
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\) <=> \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=-\frac{1}{c}\)
<=> \(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^3=\left(-\frac{1}{c}\right)^3\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{3}{a^2b}+\frac{3}{ab^2}=-\frac{1}{c^3}\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=-\frac{3}{ab}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=\frac{3}{abc}\)
Khi đó, A = \(\frac{bc}{a^2}+\frac{ac}{b^2}+\frac{ab}{c^2}=abc\left(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}\right)=abc\cdot\frac{3}{abc}=3\)
Xét: \(A=\frac{bc}{a^2}+\frac{ac}{b^2}+\frac{ab}{c^2}=abc\left(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}\right)\)
Ta có đẳng thức sau: \(x^3+y^3+z^3=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz\right)+3xyz\)
(Đẳng thức này chứng minh rất dễ nha, chỉ cần bung hết ra là được)
Vậy ta thế \(x=\frac{1}{a},y=\frac{1}{b},z=\frac{1}{c}\)vào đẳng thức:
\(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}-\frac{1}{ab}-\frac{1}{bc}-\frac{1}{ca}\right)+\frac{3}{abc}\)
\(=\frac{3}{abc}\)Vì \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\)---> Thế cái này vào A:
\(\Rightarrow A=abc.\frac{3}{abc}=3\)
Xoooooooong !!!!! :)))