\(A=1-\dfrac{3}{4}+(\dfrac{3}{4})^2-(\dfrac{3}{4})^3+(\dfrac{3}{4})^4-...-(\dfrac{3}{4})^{2009}+(\dfrac{3}{4})^{2010}\)
Chứng tỏ A không phải là số nguyên
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\(B=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(3B=1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3B-B=1-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2B=1-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}\)
\(0< \dfrac{1}{3^{100}}< 1\Rightarrow0< 1-\dfrac{1}{3^{100}}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow0< 2B< 1\Rightarrow0< B< \dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow\) B không phải số nguyên
\(A=1-\dfrac{3}{4}+\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2-\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^3+...+\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^{2016}-\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^{2017}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{4}A=\dfrac{3}{4}-\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^3-\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^3+...+\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^{2017}-\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^{2018}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{7}{4}A=1-\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^{2018}\notin Z\\ \Rightarrow A\notin Z\)
a, -4\(\dfrac{3}{5}\).2\(\dfrac{4}{3}\) < \(x\) < -2\(\dfrac{3}{5}\): 1\(\dfrac{6}{15}\)
- \(\dfrac{23}{5}\).\(\dfrac{10}{3}\) < \(x\) < - \(\dfrac{13}{5}\): \(\dfrac{21}{15}\)
- \(\dfrac{46}{3}\) < \(x\) < - \(\dfrac{13}{7}\)
\(x\) \(\in\) {-15; -14;-13;..; -2}
a) Ta có \(-4\dfrac{3}{5}\cdot2\dfrac{4}{3}=-\dfrac{23}{5}\cdot\dfrac{10}{3}=-\dfrac{46}{3}\) và \(-2\dfrac{3}{5}\div1\dfrac{6}{15}=-\dfrac{13}{5}\div\dfrac{7}{5}=-\dfrac{13}{7}\)
Do đó \(-\dfrac{46}{3}< x< -\dfrac{13}{7}\)
Lại có \(-\dfrac{46}{3}\le-15\) và \(-\dfrac{13}{7}\ge-2\)
Suy ra \(-15\le x\le-2\), x ϵ Z
b) Ta có \(-4\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{6}\right)=-\dfrac{13}{3}\cdot\dfrac{1}{3}=-\dfrac{13}{9}\) và \(-\dfrac{2}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{3}{4}\right)=-\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot\dfrac{-11}{12}=\dfrac{11}{18}\)
Do đó \(-\dfrac{13}{9}< x< \dfrac{11}{18}\)
Lại có \(-\dfrac{13}{9}\le-1\) và \(\dfrac{11}{18}\ge0\)
Suy ra \(-1\le x\le0\), x ϵ Z
b\()\)
1/2^2 + 1/3^2 +... + 1/100^2 < 1/4 + 1/2.3 + 1/3.4 +... + 1/99.100
1/2^2 + 1/3^2 +... + 1/100^2 < 1/4 + 1/2 - 1/3 + 1/3 -1/4 +... + 1/99 + 1/100
1/2^2 + 1/3^2 +... + 1/100^2 < 1/4 + 1/2 - 1/100
1/2^2 + 1/3^2 +... + 1/100^2 < 3/4 - 1/100 < 3/4
Tương tự như vậy với câu a\()\)
1/2^2 + 1/3^2 +... + 1/100^2 < 1/4 + 1/2.3 + 1/3.4 +... + 1/99.100
1/2^2 + 1/3^2 +... + 1/100^2 < 1/4 + 1/2 - 1/3 + 1/3 -1/4 +... + 1/99 + 1/100
1/2^2 + 1/3^2 +... + 1/100^2 < 1/4 + 1/2 - 1/100
1/2^2 + 1/3^2 +... + 1/100^2 < 3/4 - 1/100 < 1/2
\(A=\dfrac{1.\left(1-\left(-\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^{2011}\right)}{\left(1-\left(-\dfrac{3}{4}\right)\right)}=\dfrac{4}{7}\)
Vậy nó không phải số nguyên