Cho tỉ lệ thức \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
Chứng minh rằng :
\(\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}\)
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=bk\\c=dk\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^2-c^2}{b^2-d^2}=k^2\)
\(\dfrac{ac}{bd}=k^2\)
Do đó: \(\dfrac{a^2-c^2}{b^2-d^2}=\dfrac{ac}{bd}\)
Áp dụng công thức tỉ lệ phân số ta có :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}=\dfrac{c^2}{d^2}=\dfrac{ac}{bd}\)
Đẳng thức đầu tiên sai:
Ví dụ: \(a=1;b=2;c=3;d=6\) thì \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
Nhưng \(\dfrac{a.d}{c.d}\ne\dfrac{a^2-b^2}{b^2-d^2}\)
Với đẳng thức thứ 2:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{c^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}=\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2=\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\Rightarrow a=bk;c=dk\)
Xét \(VT=\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}=\dfrac{\left(bk\right)^2}{b^2}=\dfrac{b^2k^2}{b^2}=k^2\left(1\right)\)
Xét \(VP=\dfrac{a^2-ac}{b^2-bd}=\dfrac{\left(bk\right)^2-bk\cdot dk}{b^2-bd}=\dfrac{b^2k^2-bdk^2}{b^2-bd}\)
\(=\dfrac{k^2\left(b^2-bd\right)}{b^2-bd}=k^2\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right);\left(2\right)\) ta có ĐPCM
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ; ta có :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^2}{\left(b+d\right)^2}\)
Theo đề bài, ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}\)=\(\dfrac{c}{d}\)=\(\dfrac{a}{c}\)=\(\dfrac{b}{d}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}\)=\(\dfrac{c}{d}\)=\(\dfrac{a}{c}\)=\(\dfrac{b}{d}\)=\(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\)=\(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2\)(*)
=> \(\dfrac{a}{c}\)=\(\dfrac{b}{d}\)=\(\dfrac{a^2}{c^2}\)=\(\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)=\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)(**)
Từ (*) và (**) suy ra:
\(\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^2\)=\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\)(đpcm)
Ta có :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{aa}{bb}=\dfrac{a^2+a^2}{b^2+b^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}=\dfrac{a^2.2}{b^2.2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}=\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{\left(a+c\right)^2}{\left(b+d\right)^2}\rightarrowđpcm\)
b,
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b+a}{d+c}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{a+b}=\dfrac{c}{c+d}\)
c,
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
ta có: \(a=bk;c=dk\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{2bk+3dk}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{k^2.\left(2b+3d\right)}{2b+3d}=k^2\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}=\dfrac{2bk-3dk}{2b-3d}=\dfrac{k^2.\left(2b-3d\right)}{2b-3d}=k^2\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{2a+3c}{2b+3d}=\dfrac{2a-3c}{2b-3d}\)
d,
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
ta có:\(a=bk;c=dk\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{bk.dk}{bd}=k^2\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{k^2.\left(b+d\right)^2}{\left(b+d\right)^2}=k^2\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}\)
e,
Đặt \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=k\)
Ta có:\(a=bk;c=dk\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{k^2.\left(b+d\right)^2}{\left(b+d\right)^2}=k^2\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2-c^2}{b^2-d^2}=\dfrac{k^2.\left(b-d\right)^2}{\left(b-d\right)^2}=k^2\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}=\dfrac{a^2-c^2}{b^2-d^2}\)
f,
(để hôm sau lm nha, mỏi tay quá)
a, \(\dfrac{a}{b}\)=\(\dfrac{c}{d}\)=> \(\dfrac{a}{c}\)=\(\dfrac{b}{d}\)=\(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\)=\(\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\)(1)
\(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\)=\(\dfrac{a-b}{c-d}\)=> \(\dfrac{a+b}{a-b}\)=\(\dfrac{c+d}{c-d}\)
Còn các phần còn lại làm giống thế
ta có:
\(\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}\)
mà \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)\(\Rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{aa}{bb}=\dfrac{a^2+a^2}{b^2+b^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}=\dfrac{a^2.2}{b^2.2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}=\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ac}{bd}=\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+d^2}(ĐPCM)\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{a}{a+c}=\dfrac{b}{b+d}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}.\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\)
= \(\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^{2+}d^2}\)
Tick mk với nhé!