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a/ Đặt \(x-3=t\)
\(\left(t+1\right)^4+\left(t-1\right)^4-82=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2t^4+12t^2-80=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t^4+6t^2-40=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t^2=4\\t^2=-10\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=2\\t=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/ \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-4x\right)^2+2\left(x^2-4x+4\right)-43=0\)
Đặt \(x^2-4x=t\)
\(t^2+2\left(t+4\right)-43=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t^2+2t-35=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=5\\t=-7\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-4x-5=0\\x^2-4x+7=0\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
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a, \(\left(3x-7\right)^2-4\left(x+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x-7\right)^2-\left(2x+2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x-7-2x-2\right)\left(3x-7+2x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-9\right)\left(5x-5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5\left(x-9\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-9=0\\x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=9\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình \(S=\left\{1;9\right\}\)
b, \(\left(x+1\right)^4+\left(x+3\right)^4=82\)
đặt \(y=x+2\) thay vào phương trình ta có
\(\left(y-1\right)^4+\left(y+1\right)^4=82\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^4-4y^3+6y^2-4y+1+y^4+4y^3+6y^2+4y+1=82\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2y^4+12y^2+2=82\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(y^4+6y^2+1\right)=82\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^4+6y^2+1=41\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^4+6y^2-40=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^4-4y^2+10y^2-40=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2\left(y^2-4\right)+10\left(y^2-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y^2-4\right)\left(y^2+10\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y-2\right)\left(y+2\right)\left(y^2+10\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y-2=0\\y+2=0\\y^2+10=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=2\\y=-2\\y^2+10>0\forall y\end{matrix}\right.\)
với y = 2 thì \(x+2=2\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
với y = -2 thì \(x+2=-2\Leftrightarrow x=-4\)
vậy tập nghiệm của phương trình \(S=\left\{-2;-4\right\}\)
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1/ \(x^3+\left(x+1\right)^3+\left(x+2\right)^3=\left(x+3\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+x^3+3x^2+3x+1+x^3+6x^2+12x+8=x^3+9x^2+27x+27\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^3+9x^2+15x+9=x^3+9x^2+27x+27\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^3-12x-18=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^3-6x-9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^3-3x^2+3x^2-9x+3x-9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left[x^2\left(x-3\right)+3x\left(x-3\right)+3\left(x-3\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+3x+3\right)=0\)
mà \(x^2+3x+3=\left(x+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}>0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow x-3=0\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
Vậy x = 3.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Đặt \(x+5=y\Rightarrow x+6=y+1;x+4=y-1\)
Khi đó,phương trình trở thành:
\(\left(y+1\right)^4+\left(y-1\right)^4=82\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^4+4y^3+6y^2+4y+1+y^4-4y^3+6y^2-4y+1=82\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2y^4+12y^2+2-82=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^4+6y^2-40=0\left(1\right)\)
Đặt \(y^2=z\ge0\Rightarrow\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow z^2+6z-40=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(z^2-4z\right)+\left(10z-40\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow z\left(z-4\right)+10\left(z-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(z-4\right)\left(z+10\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow z=4\) vì \(z\) không thể bé hơn 0
\(\Rightarrow y=2;y=-2\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-3;x=-7\)
Vậy.....
a² + b² = (a - b)² + 2ab. và
a² + b² = (a + b)² - 2ab.
pt: (x + 2)^4 + (x + 4)^4 = 82
Đặt: t = (x + 2)(x + 4). ta có:
*(x+2)² + (x+4)² = [(x+2)-(x+4)]² + 2(x+2)(x+4) =
= (-2)² + 2t = 4 + 2t
*(x + 2)^4 + (x + 4)^4 = [(x + 2)²]² + [(x + 4)²]² =
= [(x+2)² + (x+4)²]² - 2(x+2)².(x+4)² =
= [4 + 2t]² - 2t²
= 16 + 16t + 4t² - 2t²
thay vào pt đã cho ta có:
16 + 16t + 2t² = 82
<=> t² + 8t - 33 = 0
<=> t = -11 hoặc t = 3
+Với t = -11:
(x + 2)(x + 4) = -11
<=> x² + 6x +19 = 0 => vn
+Với t = 3:
(x + 2)(x + 4) = 3
<=> x² + 6x + 5 = 0
<=> x = -1 hoặc x = -5
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\left(x-4\right)^4+\left(x-2\right)^4=82\)
\(\left(y-1\right)^4+\left(y+1\right)^4=82\\ \)
\(\left(y^4-4y^3+6y^2-4y+1\right)+\left(y^4+4y^3+6y^2+4y+1\right)=82\)
\(2y^4+12y^2+2=82\)
\(z^2+6z-40=0\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}z=-10\left(loai\right)\\z=4\end{cases}}\)
Z=4=> \(z=4\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}y=2\Rightarrow x=5\\y=-2\Rightarrow x=1\end{cases}}\)