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a, Đặt \(A=2+x-x^2=-\left(x^2-x-2\right)=-\left(x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{9}{4}\right)=-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{9}{4}\)
Vì \(\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\le0\Rightarrow A=-\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{9}{4}\le\frac{9}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = 1/2
Vậy Amax=9/4 khi x=1/2
b, Đặt \(B=4x^2-20x+26=\left(2x\right)^2-2.2x.5+25+1=\left(2x-5\right)^2+1\)
Vì \(\left(2x-5\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow B=\left(2x-5\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = 5/2
Vậy Bmin=1 khi x=5/2
Ta có :\(\left(x-2011\right)^2\ge0\)
\(|y-2012|\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2011\right)^2+|y-2012|+2013\ge2013\)
Để A đạt giá trị nhỏ nhất thì dấu " = " xảy ra khi :
\(A=2013\)
A = x2 + x + 1 = ( x2 + x + 1/4 ) + 3/4 = ( x + 1/2 )2 + 3/4 ≥ 3/4 ∀ x
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = -1/2
=> MinA = 3/4 <=> x = -1/2
B = -x2 - 4x + 12 = -( x2 + 4x + 4 ) + 16 = -( x + 2 )2 + 16 ≤ 16 ∀ x
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = -2
=> MaxB = 16 <=> x = -2
C = \(\frac{5}{x^2+6}\)
Ta có : x2 + 6 ≥ 6 ∀ x
<=> \(\frac{1}{x^2+6}\le\frac{1}{6}\forall x\)
<=> \(\frac{5}{x^2+6}\le\frac{5}{6}\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = 0
=> MaxC = 5/6 <=> x = 0
\(x^2+7x+12=x^2+3x+4x+12=x\left(x+3\right)+4\left(x+3\right)=\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\)
=> \(B=\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=\left[\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)\right]\left[\left(x+4\right)\left(x-2\right)\right]+2013\)
\(=\left[x^2+2x-3\right]\left[x^2+2x-8\right]+2013\)
Đặt : \(t=x^2+2x-3\)
Ta có: \(B=t\left(t-5\right)+2013=t^2-5t+2013=t^2-2.t.\frac{5}{2}+\frac{25}{4}-\frac{25}{4}+2013\)
\(=\left(t-\frac{5}{2}\right)^2+\frac{8027}{4}\ge\frac{8027}{4}\)
"=" xảy ra <=> \(t=\frac{5}{2}\Leftrightarrow x^2+2x-3=\frac{5}{2}\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2=\frac{13}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\sqrt{\frac{13}{2}}-1\\x=-\sqrt{\frac{13}{2}}-1\end{cases}}\)(tm)
Vậy min B = 8027/4 tại x =....
\(P=\left(x-2012\right)^2+\left(x+2013\right)^2=\left(2012-x\right)^2+\left(x+2013\right)^2\ge\frac{\left(2012-x+x+2013\right)^2}{1+1}\)
\(=\frac{4025^2}{2}=8100312,5\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(2012-x=x+2013\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=\frac{-1}{2}\)