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a, ĐKXĐ : \(x\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
PT <=> 2x - 1 = 5
<=> x = 3 ( TM )
Vậy ...
b, ĐKXĐ : \(x\ge5\)
PT <=> x - 5 = 9
<=> x = 14 ( TM )
Vậy ...
c, PT <=> \(\left|2x+1\right|=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=6\\2x+1=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\x=-\dfrac{7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...
d, PT<=> \(\left|x-3\right|=3-x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=x-3\\x-3=3-x\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy phương trình có vô số nghiệm với mọi x \(x\le3\)
e, ĐKXĐ : \(-\dfrac{5}{2}\le x\le1\)
PT <=> 2x + 5 = 1 - x
<=> 3x = -4
<=> \(x=-\dfrac{4}{3}\left(TM\right)\)
Vậy ...
f ĐKXĐ : \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\le0\\1\le x\le3\end{matrix}\right.\)
PT <=> \(x^2-x=3-x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\pm\sqrt{3}\) ( TM )
Vậy ...
a) \(\sqrt{2x-1}=\sqrt{5}\) (x \(\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\))
<=> 2x - 1 = 5
<=> x = 3 (tmđk)
Vậy S = \(\left\{3\right\}\)
b) \(\sqrt{x-5}=3\) (x\(\ge5\))
<=> x - 5 = 9
<=> x = 4 (ko tmđk)
Vậy x \(\in\varnothing\)
c) \(\sqrt{4x^2+4x+1}=6\) (x \(\in R\))
<=> \(\sqrt{\left(2x+1\right)^2}=6\)
<=> |2x + 1| = 6
<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\text{2x + 1=6}\\\text{2x + 1}=-6\end{matrix}\right.< =>\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\x=\dfrac{-7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)(tmđk)
Vậy S = \(\left\{\dfrac{5}{2};\dfrac{-7}{2}\right\}\)
\(1,\sqrt{x+2+4\sqrt{x-2}}=5\left(x\ge2\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-2}+4\right)^2}=5\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}+4=5\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}=1\\ \Leftrightarrow x-2=1\Leftrightarrow x=3\\ 2,\sqrt{x+3+4\sqrt{x-1}}=2\left(x\ge1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}+4\right)^2}=2\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}+4=2\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}=-2\\ \Leftrightarrow x\in\varnothing\left(\sqrt{x-1}\ge0\right)\)
\(3,\sqrt{x+\sqrt{2x-1}}=\sqrt{2}\left(x\ge\dfrac{1}{2};x\ne1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{2x-1}=2\\ \Leftrightarrow x-2=-\sqrt{2x-1}\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+4=2x-1\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-6x+5=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\left(tm\right)\\x=1\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(4,\sqrt{x-2+\sqrt{2x-5}}=3\sqrt{2}\left(x\ge\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-4+2\sqrt{2x-5}}=6\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-5}+1\right)^2}=6\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5}+1=6\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5}=5\\ \Leftrightarrow2x-5=25\Leftrightarrow x=15\left(TM\right)\)
1) ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge\dfrac{5}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{x^2}=2x-5\\ \Rightarrow\left|x\right|=2x-5\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2x-5\\x=5-2x\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\left(tm\right)\\x=\dfrac{5}{3}\left(ktm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
2) ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge3\)
\(\sqrt{25x^2-10x+1}=2x-6\\ \Rightarrow\left|5x-1\right|=2x-6\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}5x-1=2x-6\\5x-1=6-2x\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{5}{3}\left(ktm\right)\\x=1\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
3) ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge\dfrac{5}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{25-10x+x^2}=2x-5\\ \Rightarrow\left|x-5\right|=2x-5\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-5=2x-5\\x-5=5-2x\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(ktm\right)\\x=\dfrac{10}{3}\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
4) ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{1-2x+x^2}=2x-1\\ \Rightarrow\left|x-1\right|=2x-1\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=2x-1\\x-1=1-2x\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(ktm\right)\\x=\dfrac{2}{3}\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Hướng giải :
Điều kiện xác định x>=5/2
Nhân căn 2 cả 2 vế của pt ta được
\(\sqrt{2x+4+6\sqrt{2x-5}} + \sqrt{2x-4-2\sqrt{2x-5}} = 4 \\ \sqrt{(\sqrt{2x-5} + 3)^2} +\sqrt{(\sqrt{2x-5} -1)^2} =4\\ |\sqrt{2x-5} +3| + | \sqrt{2x-5} -1| =4\)
Ta có : |A| + |B| >= |A+B|
Suy ra VT >= VP
Dấu = xảy ra <=> AB >= 0
Mà A >= 0 ; suy ra B >=0
=> căn (2x-5) >= 1
=> 2x-5 >=1
=> 2x>=6
=> x>=3
`a)sqrt{x^2-2x+1}=2`
`<=>sqrt{(x-1)^2}=2`
`<=>|x-1|=2`
`**x-1=2<=>x=3`
`**x-1=-1<=>x=-1`.
Vậy `S={3,-1}`
`b)sqrt{x^2-1}=x`
Điều kiện:\(\begin{cases}x^2-1 \ge 0\\x \ge 0\\\end{cases}\)
`<=>` \(\begin{cases}x^2 \ge 1\\x \ge 0\\\end{cases}\)
`<=>x>=1`
`pt<=>x^2-1=x^2`
`<=>-1=0` vô lý
Vậy pt vô nghiệm
`c)sqrt{4x-20}+3sqrt{(x-5)/9}-1/3sqrt{9x-45}=4(x>=5)`
`pt<=>sqrt{4(x-5)}+sqrt{9*(x-5)/9}-sqrt{(9x-45)*1/9}=4`
`<=>2sqrt{x-5}+sqrt{x-5}-sqrt{x-5}=4`
`<=>2sqrt{x-5}=4`
`<=>sqrt{x-5}=2`
`<=>x-5=4`
`<=>x=9(tmđk)`
Vậy `S={9}.`
`d)x-5sqrt{x-2}=-2(x>=2)`
`<=>x-2-5sqrt{x-2}+4=0`
Đặt `a=sqrt{x-2}`
`pt<=>a^2-5a+4=0`
`<=>a_1=1,a_2=4`
`<=>sqrt{x-2}=1,sqrt{x-2}=4`
`<=>x_1=3,x_2=18`,
`e)2x-3sqrt{2x-1}-5=0`
`<=>2x-1-3sqrt{2x-1}-4=0`
Đặt `a=sqrt{2x-1}(a>=0)`
`pt<=>a^2-3a-4=0`
`a-b+c=0`
`<=>a_1=-1(l),a_2=4(tm)`
`<=>sqrt{2x-1}=4`
`<=>2x-1=16`
`<=>x=17/2(tm)`
Vậy `S={17/2}`
d.
ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 2$. Đặt $\sqrt{x-2}=a(a\geq 0)$ thì pt trở thành:
$a^2+2-5a=-2$
$\Leftrightarrow a^2-5a+4=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (a-1)(a-4)=0$
$\Rightarrow a=1$ hoặc $a=4$
$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x-2}=1$ hoặc $\sqrt{x-2}=4$
$\Leftrightarrow x=3$ hoặc $x=18$ (đều thỏa mãn)
e. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq \frac{1}{2}$
Đặt $\sqrt{2x-1}=a(a\geq 0)$ thì pt trở thành:
$a^2+1-3a-5=0$
$\Leftrightarrow a^2-3a-4=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (a+1)(a-4)=0$
Vì $a\geq 0$ nên $a=4$
$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{2x-1}=4$
$\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{17}{2}$
a, ĐK: \(x\ge11\)
\(\sqrt{x+\sqrt{x-11}}+\sqrt{x-\sqrt{x-11}}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{x-11}+x-\sqrt{x-11}+2\sqrt{x^2-x+11}=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x+2\sqrt{x^2-x+11}=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{x^2-x+11}=8\)
Ta thấy \(x+\sqrt{x^2-x+11}>11>\text{}8\)
\(\Rightarrow\) phương trình vô nghiệm.
\(a,\sqrt{x+\sqrt{x-11}}+\sqrt{x-\sqrt{x-11}}=4\left(x\ge11\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{x-11}+x-\sqrt{x-11}+2\sqrt{\left(x+\sqrt{x-11}\right)\left(x-\sqrt{x-11}\right)}=16\\ \Leftrightarrow2x+2\sqrt{x^2-x+11}=16\\ \Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{x^2-x+11}=8\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-x+11}=8-x\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-x+11=x^2-16x+64\\ \Leftrightarrow15x=53\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{53}{15}\left(ktm\right)\)
\(b,\sqrt{x+2+3\sqrt{2x-5}}+\sqrt{x-2-\sqrt{2x-5}}=2\sqrt{2}\left(x\ge\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5+6\sqrt{2x-5}+9}+\sqrt{2x-5-2\sqrt{2x-5}+1}=4\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-5}+3\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-5}-1\right)^2}=4\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5}+3+\left|\sqrt{2x-5}-1\right|=4\\ \Leftrightarrow\left|\sqrt{2x-5}-1\right|=1-\sqrt{2x-5}\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5}-1\le0\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5}\le1\\ \Leftrightarrow2x-5\le1\Leftrightarrow x\le\dfrac{5}{2}\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
a: =>\(x^2\cdot2\sqrt{2}+x\left(2+2\sqrt{2}\right)+4=0\)
\(\text{Δ}=\left(2\sqrt{2}+2\right)^2-4\cdot2\sqrt{2}\cdot4=12-24\sqrt{2}< 0\)
=>PTVN
b:
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2x+\sqrt{3}-x^2+2\sqrt{3}x+\sqrt{3}=0\)
=>\(x^2+x\left(2\sqrt{3}+2\right)+2\sqrt{3}=0\)
\(\text{Δ}=\left(2\sqrt{3}+2\right)^2-4\cdot2\sqrt{3}=16>0\)
PT có hai nghiệm là;
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1=\dfrac{-2\sqrt{3}-2-4}{2}=-\sqrt{3}-3\\x=\dfrac{-2\sqrt{3}-2+4}{2}=-\sqrt{3}+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu a)
ĐK: \(x\geq \frac{1}{2}\)
Ta có:
\(\sqrt{x-\sqrt{2x-1}}=\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{2x-2\sqrt{2x-1}}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{(2x-1)-2\sqrt{2x-1}+1}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{(\sqrt{2x-1}-1)^2}=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow |\sqrt{2x-1}-1|=2\)
\(\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} \sqrt{2x-1}-1=2\\ \sqrt{2x-1}-1=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} \sqrt{2x-1}=3\rightarrow 5(t/m)\\ \sqrt{2x-1}=-1(\text{vô lý})\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy $x=5$
Câu b)
ĐK: \(x\geq \frac{5}{2}\)
Nhân cả 2 vế với \(\sqrt{2}\) ta có:
\(\sqrt{2x+4+6\sqrt{2x-5}}+\sqrt{2x-4-6\sqrt{2x-5}}=4\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{2x-5}=a(a\geq 0)\Rightarrow 2x-5=a^2\Rightarrow 2x=a^2+5\)
PT trở thành:
\(\sqrt{a^2+5+4+6a}+\sqrt{a^2+5-4-6a}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{a^2+6a+9}+\sqrt{a^2-6a+1}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{(a+3)^2}+\sqrt{a^2-6a+1}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+3+\sqrt{a^2-6a+1}=4\)
\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{a^2-6a+1}=1-a\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2-6a+1=(1-a)^2=a^2-2a+1\) (bình phương 2 vế)
\(\Rightarrow -6a=-2a\Rightarrow a=0\)
$a=0$ kéo theo $x=\frac{5}{2}$ (thử lại thấy t/m)
Vậy..........
1. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 4$
PT $\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x-1}=5-\sqrt{x-4}$
$\Rightarrow x-1=25+x-4-10\sqrt{x-4}$
$\Leftrightarrow 22=10\sqrt{x-4}$
$\Leftrightarrow 2,2=\sqrt{x-4}$
$\Leftrightarrow 4,84=x-4\Leftrightarrow x=8,84$
(thỏa mãn)
2. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 0$
PT $\Leftrightarrow (2x-2\sqrt{x})-(5\sqrt{x}-5)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow 2\sqrt{x}(\sqrt{x}-1)-5(\sqrt{x}-1)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (\sqrt{x}-1)(2\sqrt{x}-5)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x}-1=0$ hoặc $2\sqrt{x}-5=0$
$\Leftrightarrow x=1$ hoặc $x=\frac{25}{4}$ (tm)
3. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 3$
Bình phương 2 vế thu được:
$3x-2+2\sqrt{(2x+1)(x-3)}=4x$
$\Leftrightarrow 2\sqrt{(2x+1)(x-3)}=x+2$
$\Leftrightarrow 4(2x+1)(x-3)=(x+2)^2$
$\Leftrightarrow 4(2x^2-5x-3)=x^2+4x+4$
$\Leftrightarrow 7x^2-24x-16=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x-4)(7x+4)=0$
Do $x\geq 3$ nên $x=4$
Thử lại thấy thỏa mãn
Vậy $x=4$