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Đặt \(t=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}\)\(\Rightarrow t^2=1+2\sqrt{x\left(1-x\right)}\)(\(t\ge0\))
\(pt:1+\frac{2}{3}\sqrt{x\left(1-x\right)}=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}\)(\(0\le x\le1\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{3}\left(1+2\sqrt{x\left(1-x\right)}\right)+\frac{2}{3}=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{3}t^2+\frac{2}{3}=t\)
\(\Leftrightarrow t^2+2-3t=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=1\\t=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}1=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}\\2=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1:\(1=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}\Leftrightarrow1=1+\sqrt{x\left(1-x\right)}\)\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH2:\(2=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}\Leftrightarrow4=1+\sqrt{x\left(1-x\right)}\Leftrightarrow3=\sqrt{x\left(1-x\right)}\)
\(-x^2+x-9=0\)(vô nghiệm)
Vậy pt có nghiệm x = 0 , x = 1 .
Đặt \(t=\sqrt{10-x}+\sqrt{x-7}\) để làm gì vậy bạn? Đặt như vậy thì phương trình sẽ càng khó giải hơn á
Đk: \(-7\le x\le10\)
\(\sqrt{10-x}-\sqrt{x+7}+\sqrt{-x^2+3x+70}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{10-x}-\sqrt{x+7}+\sqrt{\left(10-x\right)\left(x+7\right)}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{10-x}\left(\sqrt{x+7}+1\right)-\left(\sqrt{x+7} +1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x+7}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{10-x}-1\right)=0\)
Dễ thấy \(\sqrt{x+7}+1>0\). Do đó:
\(\sqrt{10-x}-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=9\left(nhận\right)\)
Thử lại ta có x=9 là nghiệm duy nhất của pt đã cho.
`\sqrt{10-x}-\sqrt{x+7}+\sqrt{-x^2+3x+70}=1` `ĐK: -7 <= x <= 10`
Đặt `\sqrt{10-x}-\sqrt{x+7}=t`
`<=>10-x+x+7-2\sqrt{(x+7)(10-x)}=t^2`
`<=>\sqrt{-x^2+3x+70}=17/2-[t^2]/2`
Khi đó ptr `(1)` có dạng: `t+17/2-[t^2]/2=1`
`<=>2t+17-t^2=2`
`<=>t^2-2t-15=0`
`<=>[(t=5),(t=-3):}`
`@t=5=>\sqrt{-x^2+3x+70}=17/2-5^2/2`
`<=>\sqrt{-x^2+3x+70}=-4` (Vô lí)
`@t=-3=>\sqrt{-x^2+3x+70}=17/2-[(-3)^2]/2`
`<=>-x^2+3x+70=16`
`<=>[(x=9),(x=-6):}` (t/m)
Vậy `S={-6;9}`
\(\dfrac{x-2}{x+1}-\dfrac{3}{x+2}>0.\left(x\ne-1;-2\right).\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2-4-3x-3}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}>0.\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2-3x-7}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}>0.\)
Đặt \(f\left(x\right)=\dfrac{x^2-3x-7}{\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)}>0.\)
Ta có: \(x^2-3x-7=0.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3+\sqrt{37}}{2}.\\x=\dfrac{3-\sqrt{37}}{2}.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(x+1=0.\Leftrightarrow x=-1.\\ x+2=0.\Leftrightarrow x=-2.\)
Bảng xét dấu:
\(\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)>0\Leftrightarrow x\in\left(-\infty-2\right)\cup\left(\dfrac{3-\sqrt{37}}{2};-1\right)\cup\left(\dfrac{3+\sqrt{37}}{2};+\infty\right).\)
\(\sqrt{x^2-3x+2}\ge3.\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-3x+2\ge9.\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-3x-7\ge0.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3-\sqrt{37}}{2}.\\x=\dfrac{3+\sqrt{37}}{2}.\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(f\left(x\right)=x^2-3x-7.\)
\(f\left(x\right)=x^2-3x-7.\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow x\in(-\infty;\dfrac{3-\sqrt{37}}{2}]\cup[\dfrac{3+\sqrt{37}}{2};+\infty).\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2-3x+2}\ge3\Leftrightarrow x\in(-\infty;\dfrac{3-\sqrt{37}}{2}]\cup[\dfrac{3+\sqrt{37}}{2};+\infty).\)
ĐK: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+3\ge0\\-x^2+3x+8\ge0\\7x^2+2x+13\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) (*)
\(PT\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[4]{-7\left(-x^2+3x+8\right)+23\left(x+3\right)}=\sqrt[4]{x+3}+\sqrt[4]{-x^2+3x+8}\)
Với \(x=-3\) => pt không thỏa mãn
Với \(x>-3\),chia cả 2 vế của phương trình cho \(\sqrt[4]{x+3}\)
\(PT\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[4]{-7.\frac{-x^2+3x+8}{x+3}+23}=1+\sqrt[4]{\frac{-x^2+3x+8}{x+3}}\)
Đặt \(t=\frac{-x^2+3x+8}{x+3}\left(t\ge0\right)\)
\(PT\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[4]{-7t+23}=1+\sqrt[4]{t}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}0\le t\le\frac{23}{7}\\-7t+23=1+t+4\sqrt[4]{t}+6\sqrt{t}+4\sqrt[4]{t}^3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}0\le t\le\frac{23}{7}\\4t+2\sqrt[4]{t}^3+3\sqrt{t}+2\sqrt[4]{t}-11=0\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Giải (1) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt[4]{t}-1\right)\left(4\sqrt[4]{t}^3+6\sqrt{t}+9\sqrt[4]{t}+11\right)=0\)
Với \(0\le t\le\frac{23}{7}\) \(\Rightarrow t=1\)
\(t=1\Leftrightarrow\) \(-x^2+3x+8=x+3\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x-5=0\) \(\Leftrightarrow x=1\pm\sqrt{6}\)
Thử lại thấy \(x=1\pm\sqrt{6}\) thỏa mãn.
Vậy...
a) \(4\sqrt{x}+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}}< 2x+\frac{1}{2x}+2\)
hay \(2\sqrt{x}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}< x+\frac{1}{4x}+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0< x+\frac{1}{4x}+1-2\sqrt{x}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0< \left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2-2\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{x}\cdot1+1+\frac{1}{\left(2\sqrt{x}\right)^2}-2\cdot\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1< \left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}-1\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x>0\\\sqrt{x}>1\\2\sqrt{x}>1\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x>1\\x>\frac{1}{4}\end{cases}\Rightarrow}x>1}\)
b) \(\frac{1}{1-x^2}>\frac{3}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}-1\left(1\right)\left(ĐK:-1< x< 1\right)\)
Ta có (1) <=> \(\frac{1}{1-x^2}-1-\frac{3x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}+2>0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{1-x^2}-\frac{3x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}+2>0\)
Đặt \(t=\frac{x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}\)ta được
\(t^2-3t+2>0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\frac{x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}< 1\\\frac{x}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}>2\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\sqrt{1-x^2}>x\left(a\right)\\2\sqrt{1-x^2}< x\left(b\right)\end{cases}}}\)
(a) <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x< 0\\1-x^2>0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge0\\1-x^2>x^2\end{cases}}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-1< x< 0\)hoặc \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge0\\x^2< \frac{1}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-1< x< 0\)hoặc \(0\le x\le\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\Leftrightarrow-1< x< \frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
(b) \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}1-x^2>0\\x>0\\4\left(1-x^2\right)< x^2\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}0< x< 1\\x^2>\frac{4}{5}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\frac{2}{\sqrt{5}}< x< 1}\)