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(làm câu dễ nhất...> . < ...)
c)Để \(\dfrac{6}{n-1}\) là số nguyên thì 6 ⋮ \(n-1\)
\(\Rightarrow n-1\inƯ\left(6\right)=\left\{\pm1,\pm2,\pm3,\pm6\right\}\)
Ta có bảng sau :
n-1 n -1 -2 -3 -6 1 2 3 6 0 -1 -2 -5 2 3 4 7
Vậy để \(\dfrac{6}{n-1}\) là số nguyên thì \(x=\left\{0;-1;-2;-5;2;3;4;7\right\}\)
d) \(\dfrac{n}{n-2}=\dfrac{n-2+2}{n-2}\) là số nguyên thì \(n-2+2⋮n-2\Rightarrow2⋮n-2\Rightarrow n-2\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2\right\}\)
Ta có bảng sau:
n-2 n -1 -2 1 2 1 3 0 4 Vậy với \(x=\left\{1;3;0;4\right\}\) thì \(\dfrac{n}{n-2}\) là số nguyên
(chắc sai... > . < ...)
Bài 1:
a, \(\left(x-2\right)^2=9\)
\(\Rightarrow x-2\in\left\{-3;3\right\}\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-1;5\right\}\)
b, \(\left(3x-1\right)^3=-8\)
\(\Rightarrow3x-1=-2\Rightarrow3x=-1\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
c, \(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{16}\)
\(\Rightarrow x+\dfrac{1}{2}\in\left\{-\dfrac{1}{4};\dfrac{1}{4}\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-\dfrac{3}{4};-\dfrac{1}{4}\right\}\)
d, \(\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^x=\dfrac{4}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^x=\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^2\)
Vì \(\dfrac{2}{3}\ne\pm1;\dfrac{2}{3}\ne0\) nên \(x=2\)
e, \(\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{x-1}=\dfrac{1}{16}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{x-1}=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^4\)
Vì \(\dfrac{1}{2}\ne\pm1;\dfrac{1}{2}\ne0\) nên \(x-1=4\Rightarrow x=5\)
f, \(\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{2x-1}=8\) \(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{2x-1}=\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{-3}\) Vì \(\dfrac{1}{2}\ne\pm1;\dfrac{1}{2}\ne0\) nên \(2x-1=-3\) \(\Rightarrow2x=-2\Rightarrow x=-1\) Chúc bạn học tốt!!!
a) \(\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{1}{6}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{1}{10}\right)...\left(1-\dfrac{1}{780}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{5}{6}.\dfrac{9}{10}.....\dfrac{779}{780}\)\(=\)
a/ Ta có :
\(A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...........+\dfrac{1}{n^2}\)
Ta thấy :
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}< \dfrac{1}{2.3}\)
.......................
\(\dfrac{1}{n^2}< \dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+...........+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+..........+\dfrac{1}{n-1}-\dfrac{1}{n}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< 1-\dfrac{1}{n}< 1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< 1\)
b/ Ta có :
\(B=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+\dfrac{1}{6^2}+.................+\dfrac{1}{\left(2n\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+..........+\dfrac{1}{n^2}\right)\)
Ta thấy :
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}< \dfrac{1}{2.3}\)
..................
\(\dfrac{1}{n^2}< \dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B< \dfrac{1}{4}\left(1+\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+.........+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B< \dfrac{1}{4}\left(1+1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+......+\dfrac{1}{n-1}-\dfrac{1}{n}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B< \dfrac{1}{4}\left(1+1-\dfrac{1}{n}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B< \dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{4n}< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B< \dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\)\(A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}\)
\(A< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)
\(A< 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{n-1}-\dfrac{1}{n}\)
\(A< 1-\dfrac{1}{n}< 1\)
\(B=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+\dfrac{1}{6^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2n^2}\)
\(B=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2n^2}\right)\)
\(B=\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{2n^2}\right)\)
\(B< \dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+.....+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\right)\)
Bài 4:
=>(x-5)*3/10=1/5x+5
=>3/10x-3/2=1/5x+5
=>1/10x=5+3/2=6,5
=>0,1x=6,5
=>x=65
a) Để phân số \(\dfrac{3}{n-2}\) là số nguyên thì n - 2 \(⋮\) 3
\(\Rightarrow\) n - 2 \(\in\) Ư(3)
\(\Rightarrow\) n - 2 \(\in\){3; -3; 1;-1}
n \(\in\){5; -1; 3; 2}
c) \(\dfrac{1}{3.4}+\dfrac{1}{4.5}+\dfrac{1}{5.6}+......+\dfrac{1}{28.29}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{6}+.....+\dfrac{1}{29}-\dfrac{1}{30}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{30}\)
\(=\dfrac{10}{30}-\dfrac{1}{30}\)
\(=\dfrac{9}{30}\)
=\(\dfrac{3}{10}\)
a) \(\dfrac{n+4}{n+3}=\dfrac{n+3+1}{n+3}=\dfrac{n+3}{n+3}+\dfrac{1}{n+3}=1+\dfrac{1}{n+3}\)
=> n+3 \(\in\) Ư(1) = {-1,1}
Ta có : n+3 = -1
n = (-1)-3
n = -4
n+3 = 1
n = 1-3
= -2
Vậy n = -4 hoặc -2
b) \(\dfrac{n-1}{n-2}=\dfrac{n-2+1}{n-2}=\dfrac{n-2}{n-2}+\dfrac{1}{n-2}=1+\dfrac{1}{n-2}\)
=> n-2 \(\in\) Ư(1) = {-1,1}
Ta có : +) n-2= -1
n=(-1)+2
n=1
+) n-2 = 1
n=1+2
n=3
Vậy n=1 hoặc 3
c) \(\dfrac{2n+3}{4n+7}\)
Gọi ƯCLN(2n+3,4n+7) = d
Ta có : 2n+3\(⋮\)d => 2(2n+3) = 4n+6 \(⋮\) d
4n+7 \(⋮\) d
=> (4n+6)-(4n+7) \(⋮\) d
=> -1 \(⋮\) d
=> d = Ư(-1) = {-1,1}
Để phân số tối giản
=> ƯC(4n+6,4n+7)=1
=> d = -1 hoặc 1
d) \(\dfrac{n^3+2n}{n^4+3n^2+1}\)
Gọi d là ƯCLN của n3+2n và n4+3n2+1
=> n3 + 2n chia hết cho d và n4 + 3n2 + 1 \(⋮\) d
=> n(n3 + 2n) = n4 + 2n2 \(⋮\) d
=> (n4 + 3n2 + 1) -(n4 + 2n2) = n2 + 1 \(⋮\) d
=> (n2 + 1)2 = n4 + 2n2 + 1 \(⋮\) d
=> (n4 + 3n2 + 1) - ( n4 + 2n2 + 1 ) = n2 \(⋮\) d
=> n2 + 1 - n2 = 1 \(⋮\) d
=> d = 1 hoặc d = - 1 Vậy phân số ban đầu là tối giản
Bài 4:
Gọi số cần tìm là x
Theo đề, ta có:
\(\dfrac{x+19}{x+17}=\dfrac{3}{5}\)
=>5x+95=3x+51
=>2x=-44
hay x=-22