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XI. Joining two sentences, using the words in brackets.
1. We must conserve water. Otherwise we will face serious water shortages. (IF)
_______________If we don't conserve water, we will face serious water shortages.
_____________________________________________________
2. The weather was awful. We didn’t enjoy our camping holiday. (BECAUSE OF)
___________Because of the awful weather, we didn't enjoy our camping holiday.
_________________________________________________________
3. Plastic bags are non-biodegradable. They will remain in the environment for many years. (SINCE)
________Since plastic bags are non-biodegradable, they will remain in the environment for many years.
____________________________________________________________
4. Paul doesn’t think about the planet. He wastes so much water. (IF)
___________If Paul thought about the planet, he wouldn't waste so much water.
_________________________________________________________
5. Water pollution happens. Many aquatic animals such as fish can die. (LEAD)
_______Water pollution leads to the death of many aquatic animals such as fish.
_____________________________________________________________
6. The climate is changing. The earth is getting warmer. (BECAUSE)
___________Because the climate is changing, the earth is getting warmer.
_________________________________________________________
7. We should stop cutting down so many trees. We endanger our oxygen supply. (UNLESS)
__________Unless we stop cutting down so many trees, we will endanger our oxygen supply.
__________________________________________________________
8. People begin to recycle. They generate much less trash. (WHEN)
_________When people begin to recycle, they generate much less trash.
___________________________________________________________
9. We are damaging the ozone layer. The ozone layer is necessary for human existence. (EVEN THOUGH)
_________Even though the ozone layer is necessary for human existence, we are damaging it.
___________________________________________________________
10. Sue is suffering from skin cancer. She was exposed to radiation when she was young. (SO)
____________Sue was exposed to radiation when she was young, so she is suffering from skin cancer.
________________________________________________________
II ) Rewrite the following sentences so that the second sentence means the same as the first one
1, i dont have enough time so i can't go on holiday this summer
->If I had enough time, I would go on holiday this summer.
2, i can't tell you because i don't know the answer
->If I knew the answer, I would tell you
3, they will do the test well.they will review them all hard
->if they didn't do the test, they would review them all hard
4, the students will provide aids for the homless people tomorrow
->aids will be provided for the homless people tomorrow by the students
5, the people will protect the environment now . the environment will be nice.
-> if the people didn't protect the environment now . the environment wouldn't be nice.
6,the storm destroyed many hoouses in this village last week
-> many houses were destroyed in this village last week by the storm
7, many rivers and lakes are poisoned.Factories produce waste and pour it into rivers and lakes( because )
-> Many rivers and lakes are poisoned because factories produce waste and pour it into rivers and lakes
8, plastic bags are a major source of waste.we should not throw plastic bags everwhere
->so plastic bags are a major source of waste that we should not throw plastic bags everwhere
9, we won't hold the festival. it cost too much money
->if the festival didn't cost too much money, we would hold the festival.
10, they don't have a map , so they get lost
-> lf they had a map, they wouldn't get lost
rewrite the sentences without changing their meaning
1.I saw their number in the phone directory(lookup)
=>I......looked their number up in the phone directory...............................................................................................................
2.We offered them £250,000 for the house but they refused our offer(turn down)
=>We offered them £250,000 for the house .......but they turned down our offer.................................................
3.It took me a long time to recover from my illness (get over)
=>it took me............a long time to get over my illness..............................................................................
4.I'm thinking about my next holiday with pleasure(look)
=>I'm.........looking forward to my next holiday with pleasure.............................................
Exercise 1: Rewrite the following sentences that keep the same meaning.
1. It isn’t necessary to finish the work to day.
=> You don’t ……have to finish the work today.…………..
2. Sally finally managed to get a job.
=> Sally finally succeeded …in getting a job.…………….
3. That’s the last time I go to that restaurant.
=> I certainly………won’t go to that restaurant any more.……
4. “I advise you to take a holiday,” the doctor continued.
=> You’d ……better take a holiday.…..
5. If you don’t rest yourself you really will be ill.
=> Unless ………you rest yourself you really will be ill.………….
6. I should someone to take me out to dinner.
=> What I should …………like is being/ to be taken out to dinner.……..………..
7. Martin may not be very well but he still manages to enjoy life.
=> Martin’s poor ………..…health doesn’t / can’t prevent / stop him ( from ) enjoying life.……..
8. They’ll have to take the dog on holiday with them.
=> They can’t leave ……… their dog behind when they go/are on holiday.………..…….
9. My aunt got heavily stressed because her marriage broke up.
=> The break-up of the marriage…………made my aunt heavily stressed.…
10. I can’t believe that he passed the exam.
=> I find…………it hard to believe that he passed the exam.……………
Exercise 2: Rewrite the following sentences that keep the same meaning.
1. This is the fastest way to get to the city center.
=> There …………is no faster way than this to get to the city center........................
2. If anyone succeeds in solving the problems, it will probably be him.
=> He is the most ……ly person to succeed in solving the problems.........
3. We arrived too late to see the first film.
=> We didn’t …………arrive early enough to see the first film.............
4. “Would you mind not smoking in here?”
=> I’d rather …….you didn’t smoke in here.....
5. He wrote the letter in two hours.
=> It took ……......him 2 hours to write the letter..........
6. “Why don’t we go out for a walk?”
=> My father suggested …….we should go out for a while.…...........
7. In spite of his age, Mr. Benson runs 8 miles before breakfast.
=> Though ……..........Mr.Benson is old, He runs 8 miles before breakfast..
8. I was very interested in our conversation.
=> It was interesting .……....to talk to you........
9. Why did you do that ?
=> Whatever …….did you do that for ?.............?
10. These bookshelves are my own work.
=> I made ……these bookshelves myself.
Rewrite the following sentences, keep their meaning unchanged
1. She likes watching tv.
She is.....interested in watching Tv.....................................
2. We live near the shool, but they don't.
They live...far from school................................
3. We will probably go to the moon for our summer vacation in 2050.
We might go to the moon for our summer vacation in 2050.
....................................
4. Do they sellcomputers in the supermarket?
Are..............there computers in the supermarket .......................?
5. In the future, home robots can do all our housework.
In the future, home robots will be able to do all our housework...........................................
6. We was late because of the bad traffic.
The traffic........was bad , so we was late ....................................
7. Not haviing enough money, I didn't buy the house.
Because.......i didn't have enough money, i din't buy the house.........................................
7. I am pleased with your good study.
I am pleased that......you study well...............................
Change these sentences into the passage voice
1. We are going to grow flowers in the front garden
flowers are going to be grown in frotn of gardEn.
2. You mustn't use this machine after 5.30 o'clock
THIS MAHINE MUSTN'E BE USED AFTER 5.30 O'CLOCK.
3. My grand mother is knitting a new sweater for me
A NEW SWEATER IS BEING KNITTED FOR ME BY MY GRAND MOTHER.
4. Don't touch this switch
Don't let this switch be touched.
5. He like people to call him sir
HE LIKE BEING CALLED SIR
6 . we don't allow smoking
SMOKING ISN'T ALLOWED
7. I am going to red her latest book.
HER LASTEST BOOK IS GOING TO BE READ
8. You can't wash this dress. You must dry it
This dress can't be washed; it must be dry-cleaned
9. They are going to have us repair their house
THEY ARE GOING TO HAVE THEIR HOUSE REPAIRED
10. People said that he is handsome
HE IS SAID TO BE HANDSSOME
11. They can't make tea with cold water
TEA CAN'T BE MADE WITH COLD WATER
12. The chief engineer was instructing all the workers of the plant
ALL THE WORKERS OF THE PLANT WERE BEING INSTRUCTED BY THE CHIEF ENGINEER.
13. They will hold the meeting before May day
THE MEETING WILL BE HELD BEFORE MAY DAY
14. Thevhave to repair tje engine of the car
THE ENGINE OF THE CAR HAS TO BE REPAIRED
15 . you must clean the wall before you paint it
THE WALL MUST BE CLEANED BEFORE IT IS PAINTED
15. They told the new pupil where to sit
THE NEW PUPIL WAS TOLD WHERE TO SIT
16. I knew that they had told him of the meeting
I KNEW THAT THE MEETING HAD BEEN TOLD HIM
17 . will you invite her to your wedding party?
WILL SHE BE INVITED TO YOUR WEDDING PARTY ?
18. Is she going to write a pome?
IS A POME GOING TO BE WRITTEN ?
19. Must we finish the test before ten?
MUST THE TEST BE FINISHED BEFORE TEN ?
20. Will buses bring the children home?
WILL THE CHILDREN BROUGHT HOME BY BUSES ?
21. How can they open this safe
HOW CAN THIS CAFE BE OPENED ?
22. How did the po lice find the lost man?
HOW WAS THE LOST MAN FOUND BY THE POLICE ?
21. What time can the boys in their papers?
WHAT TIME CAN THE BOYS' PAPERS BE ... ?
22. My father bought me a video recorder
=>A video recorder..WAS BOUGHT FOR ME.BY MY FATHER
23. The police didn't interview the witness
=>The witness WASN'T INTERVIEWED BY THE POLICE
24. He hasn't seen the younger son for three weeks
=> the younger son HASN'T BEEN SEEN BY HIM FOR THREE WEEKS
25. People say that his father is french
=> it is said THAT HIS FATHER IS FRENCH
26. I'll have someone remove the fence
=> i'll have the fence REMOVED
1. He didn't prepare for the interview, so he didn't get the job.
=> If he had prepared for the interview, he would have gotten the job
2. We came home from our holiday early because we ran out of money.
=> If we hadn’t run out of money, we wouldn’t have come home from our holiday early.
3. I can't take much exercise because I don't have enough free time
=> If I had more free time, I would take more exercise
4. The house didn't burn down because the fire brigade immediately
=> If the fire brigade hadn’t come immediately, the house would have burnt down.
5. The men were wearing protective clothing, so they were all quite safe
=> If the men hadn’t worn protective clothing, they wouldn’t have been all quite safe.
I. Rewrite the following sentences
1. My father often walks in the park with my mother every morning
=> My father often has a walk in the park with my mother every morning.
2. They seldom went to the cinema last year
=> Seldom went they to the cinema last year.
3. We didn't intend to go for a walk with them
=> We had not intention to go for a walk with them.
4. He doesn't smoke anymore, but he smoked a lot 2 year ago
=> He used to smoke a lot 2 years ago but he doesn't anymore.
5. Apples are usually cheaper than oranges
=> Apples are not usually as expensive as oranges.
6. My salary is high but his is very high
=> His salary is higher than my salary.
7. I can't cook as well as my mother does
=> My mother cooks better than I do.
8. Unless it stops raining, we won't go out
=> If it doesn't stop raining, we won't go out.
9. She didn't cook as well as you did
=> You cooked better than she does.
10. Unless someone has a key, we can't get into the house
=> We can only get into the house if someone has the key
11. Because of being careful, she didn't make any mistakes in her answers
=> Because she was careful, she didn't make any mistakes in her answers.
12. She said ''I'll spend my holiday in Italy next year''
=> She said that she would spend her holiday in Italy the next year.
13. She didn't buy it because the price was too high
=> Because of the high price, she didn't buy it.
14. We didn't go on holiday because we didn't have enough mone
=> If we had had enough money, we would have gone on holiday.
15. The question was so difficult that we can't answer it
=> The question was too difficult for us to answer.
II. Write the following sentences as directed
1. She has just completed the picture. The composition of the picture was suggested by me
=> The picture whose composition was suggested by me has just been completed.
2. Such a situation should never again be allowed to arise
=> Never again should never such a situation again be allowed to arise.
3. If you want to make your life worth living, make yourself useful
=> Making youself useful in order to make your life worth living.
4. They said he had left Paris secretly in his private car
=> It was said that he had left Paris secretly in his private car.
5. Tom didn't do his test well because he didn't study his lessons carefully
=> If Tom had studied his lessons carefully, he would have done his test well.
6. They had such a good crop that they decided to give a party
=> The crop was so good that they decided to give a party.
7. He made a great discovery. He took pride in it
=> He took pride in having made a great discovery.
8. You may be intelligent, but you should be careful about this
=> No matter how intelligent you are, you should be careful about this.
9. He asked me if I was ready to carry out other assignments
=> He said to me ''Are you ready to carry out other assignments ?''
10. ''Which of you has put the ink on my chair?'' The teacher said
=> The teacher asked me which of me had put the ink on her chair.
Exercise 1:Combine the sentences using the words in brackets.
1.There are modern knitting machines. The artisans in my village like using traditional looms.(althought)
=>Although There are modern knitting machines, The artisans in my village like using traditional looms.
2.Many children like to go to Bat Trang Ceramic village. They can make their own pottery there.(as)
=>Many children like to go to Bat Trang Ceramic village as They can make their own pottery there
3.We have to follow more than ten stages. We can make a simple conical hat.(so that)
=>We have to follow more than ten stages so that We can make a simple conical hat
4.Sinh paintings are special. They are burned after worship.(since)
=>Since Sinh paintings are special,They are burned after worship
5.We’ll have to phone you first. Then we’ll organise the trip.(before)
=>Before organising the trip,We’ll have to phone you first.
6.We were visiting an old building. They were going to a traditional market.(while)
=>We were visiting an old building while They were going to a traditional market.