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a)\(\sqrt{3x+1}+2x=\sqrt{x-4}-5\left(ĐKXĐ:x\ge4\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{3x+1}-\sqrt{x-4}\right)+\left(2x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3x+1-x+4}{\sqrt{3x+1}+\sqrt{x-4}}+\left(2x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2x+5}{\sqrt{3x+1}+\sqrt{x-4}}+\left(2x+5\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+5\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3x+1}+\sqrt{x-4}}+1\right)=0\)
a') (tiếp)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}2x+5=0\\\frac{1}{\sqrt{3x+1}+\sqrt{x-4}}+1=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-2,5\left(KTMĐKXĐ\right)\\\frac{1}{\sqrt{3x+1}+\sqrt{x-4}}+1=0\end{cases}}\)
Xét phương trình \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3x+1}+\sqrt{x-4}}+1=0\)(1)
Với mọi \(x\ge4\), ta có:
\(\sqrt{3x+1}>0\); \(\sqrt{x-4}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{3x+1}+\sqrt{x-4}>0\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{3x+1}+\sqrt{x-4}}>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{3x+1}+\sqrt{x-4}}+1>0\)
Do đó phương trình (1) vô nghiệm.
Vậy phương trình đã cho vô nghiệm.
Bài 1:
Để căn thức có nghĩa thì:
a)
\(-5x-10\geq 0\Leftrightarrow 5x+10\leq 0\Leftrightarrow x\leq -2\)
b)
\(x^2-3x+2\geq 0\Leftrightarrow (x-1)(x-2)\geq 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x-1\geq 0; x-2\geq 0\\ x-1\leq 0; x-2\leq 0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x\geq 2\\ x\leq 1\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(\frac{x+3}{5-x}\geq 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} x+3\geq 0; 5-x>0\\ x+3\leq 0; 5-x< 0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left[\begin{matrix} -3\leq x< 5\\ -3\geq x>5 (\text{vô lý})\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow -3\leq x< 5\)
d) \(-x^2+4x-4\geq 0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow -(x^2-4x+4)\geq 0\Leftrightarrow -(x-2)^2\geq 0\)
Vì \((x-2)^2\geq 0, \forall x\in\mathbb{R}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=2\)
1) \(\sqrt{\text{x^2− 20x + 100 }}=10\)
<=> \(\sqrt{\left(x-10\right)^2}=10\)
<=> \(\left|x-10\right|=10\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-10=10\\x-10=-10\end{matrix}\right.\)=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=10+10\\x=\left(-10\right)+10\end{matrix}\right.\)=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=20\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S = \(\left\{20;0\right\}\)
2) \(\sqrt{x +2\sqrt{x}+1}=6\)
<=> \(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x^2}+2.\sqrt{x}.1+1^2\right)}=6\)
<=> \(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}=6\)
<=> \(\left|\sqrt{x}+1\right|=6\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+1=6\\\sqrt{x}+1=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=6-1=5\\\sqrt{x}=\left(-6\right)-1=-7\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=25\\x=-49\left(loai\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S = \(\left\{25\right\}\)
3) \(\sqrt{x^2-6x+9}=\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}\)
<=> \(\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)^2}=\sqrt{\sqrt{3^2}+2.\sqrt{3}.1+1^2}\)
<=> \(\left|x-3\right|=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}\)
<=> \(\left|x-3\right|=\sqrt{3}+1\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=\sqrt{3}+1\\x-3=-\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{3}+4\\x=-\sqrt{3}+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S = \(\left\{\sqrt{3}+4;-\sqrt{3}+2\right\}\)
4) \(\sqrt{3x+2\sqrt{3x}+1}=5\)
<=> \(\sqrt{\sqrt{3x}^2+2.\sqrt{3x}.1+1^2}=5\)
<=> \(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3x}+1\right)^2}=5\)
<=> \(\left|\sqrt{3x}+1\right|=5\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{3x}+1=5\\\sqrt{3x}+1=-5\end{matrix}\right.\)=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{3x}=5-1=4\\\sqrt{3x}=\left(-5\right)-1=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x=16\\3x=-6\left(loai\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)=> x = \(\dfrac{16}{3}\) Vậy S = \(\left\{\dfrac{16}{3}\right\}\)
5) \(\sqrt{x^2+2x\sqrt{3}+3}=\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}\)
<=> \(\sqrt{\left(x-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}\)
<=> \(\left|x-\sqrt{3}\right|=\sqrt{3}-1\)
<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{3}-1\\x-\sqrt{3}=-\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=-2\sqrt{3}+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy S = \(\left\{-1;-2\sqrt{3}+1\right\}\)
6) \(\sqrt{6x+4\sqrt{6x}+4}=7\)
<=> \(\sqrt{\sqrt{6x}^2+2.\sqrt{6x}.2+2^2}=7\)
<=> \(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{6}+2\right)^2}=7\)
<=> \(\left|\sqrt{6x}+2\right|=7\)
=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{6x}+2=7\\\sqrt{6x}+2=-7\end{matrix}\right.\)=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{6x}=7-2=5\\\sqrt{6x}=\left(-7\right)-2=-9\left(loai\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\sqrt{6x}=5=>6x=25=>x=\dfrac{25}{6}\)
a) ĐKXĐ: \(2x^2-9\ge0\Leftrightarrow2x^2\ge9\Leftrightarrow x^2\ge\frac{9}{2}\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\ge\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}\\x\le\frac{-3}{\sqrt{2}}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{2x^2-9}=x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-9=x^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-9-x^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-9=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\left(nhận\right)\\x=-3\left(nhận\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: S={3;-3}
b) ĐKXĐ: \(x\in R\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{x^2-8x+16}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-4\right)^2}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-4\right|=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-4=-4\\x-4=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(nhận\right)\\x=8\left(nhận\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: S={0;8}
c) ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge0\)
Ta có: \(\sqrt{4x}=\sqrt{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x=5\)
hay \(x=\frac{5}{4}\)(nhận)
Vậy: \(S=\left\{\frac{5}{4}\right\}\)
a/ \(\sqrt{2x^2-9}=x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-9=x^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-x^2-9=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-9=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\x+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy...
b/ \(\sqrt{x^2-8x+16}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-4\right)^2}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)^2=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)^2-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-4-2\right)\left(x-4+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-6\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-6=0\\x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy....
c/ ĐK : \(x\ge0\)
Ta có :
\(\sqrt{4x}=\sqrt{5x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x=5x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x-4x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=0\)
Vậy....
ĐKXĐ:....
\(\sqrt{4-\sqrt{1-x}}=\sqrt{2-x}\)
\(\Rightarrow4-\sqrt{1-x}=2-x\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{1-x}=2+x\)
\(\Rightarrow1-x=4+4x+x^2\)
\(\Rightarrow1-x-4-4-x^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+x+7=0\)
Đến đây dễ rồi làm nốt nha bạn !
ĐKXĐ:....
\sqrt{4-\sqrt{1-x}}=\sqrt{2-x}4−1−x=2−x
\Rightarrow4-\sqrt{1-x}=2-x⇒4−1−x=2−x
\Rightarrow\sqrt{1-x}=2+x⇒1−x=2+x
\Rightarrow1-x=4+4x+x^2⇒1−x=4+4x+x2
\Rightarrow1-x-4-4-x^2=0⇒1−x−4−4−x2=0
\Rightarrow x^2+x+7=0⇒x2+x+7=0
Đến đây dễ rồi làm nốt nha bạn !
b, ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge\frac{5}{2}\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x+4-6\sqrt{2x-5}}+\sqrt{2x-4+2\sqrt{2x-5}}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-5}-3\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-5}+1\right)^2}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=7\left(tm\right)\)
a, ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge5\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-5+4\sqrt{x-5}+4}+\sqrt{x-5+8\sqrt{x-5}+16}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-5}+2\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-5}+4\right)^2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x-5}+6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-5}=-3\)
Phương trình vô nghiệm
a) \(\sqrt{2x-3}=x-3\) (ĐK: \(x\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\))
<=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge3\\2x-3=\left(x-3\right)^2\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
(1) <=> \(2x-3=x^2-6x+9\)
<=> \(x^2-8x+12=0\)
<=> (x-2)(x-6) = 0 <=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\left(l\right)\\x=6\left(c\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
KL: Phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất x = 6
b) \(\sqrt{10-x}+\sqrt{x+3}=5\) (ĐK: \(-3\le x\le10\))
<=> \(\left(\sqrt{10-x}+\sqrt{x+3}\right)^2=25\)
<=> \(10-x+x+3+2\sqrt{\left(10-x\right)\left(x+3\right)}=25\)
<=> \(\sqrt{\left(10-x\right)\left(x+3\right)}=6\)
<=> (10-x)(x+3) = 36
<=> 7x - x2 + 30 = 36
<=> x2 -7x + 6 = 0
<=> (x-1)(x-6) = 0
<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\left(c\right)\\x=6\left(c\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
KL: Phương trình có nghiệm S = {1;6}
c) \(\sqrt{x+3}-\sqrt{x-4}=1\) (ĐK: \(x\ge4\))
<=> \(\sqrt{x+3}=\sqrt{x-4}+1\)
<=> \(x+3=x-4+1+2\sqrt{x-4}\)
<=> \(\sqrt{x-4}=3\)
<=> x-4 = 9 <=> x = 13 (c)
KL: Phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất x = 13
a) ĐK: `x≥3`
`\sqrt(2x-3)=x-3`
`<=>2x-3=(x-3)^2`
`<=>2x-3=x^2-6x+9`
`<=>x^2-8x+12=0`
`<=>` \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=6\left(TM\right)\\x=2\left(L\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy `x=2`.
b) ĐK: `-3<=x<=10`
`\sqrt(10-x)+\sqrt(x-3)=5`
`<=>10-x+x-3+2\sqrt((10-x)(x-3))=25`
`<=>2\sqrt((10-x)(x-3))=18`
`<=>\sqrt((10-x)(x-3))=9`
`<=>(10-x)(x-3)=81`
`<=>-x^2+13x-30=81`
`<=>x^2-13x+111=0` (VN)