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vì bài dài quá nên mình làm từng bài 1 nhé
1. Ta thấy : \(\frac{1}{n^3}< \frac{1}{n^3-n}=\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{\left(n+1\right)-\left(n-1\right)}{\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{1}{2}.\left[\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}-\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right]\)
Do đó :
\(B< \frac{1}{2}.\left[\frac{1}{2.3}-\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{3.4}-\frac{1}{4.5}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}-\frac{1}{n\left(n+1\right)}\right]< \frac{1}{2}.\frac{1}{6}=\frac{1}{12}\)
2.
Nhận xét : \(1+\frac{1}{n\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{\left(n+1\right)^2}{n\left(n+2\right)}\)
Do đó :
\(A=\frac{2^2}{1.3}.\frac{3^2}{2.4}.\frac{4^2}{3.5}...\frac{\left(n+1\right)^2}{n\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{2.3...\left(n+1\right)}{1.2...n}.\frac{2.3...\left(n+1\right)}{3.4...\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{n+1}{1}.\frac{2}{n+2}< 2\)
bạn làm theo công thức \(\frac{n}{n.\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{n}{n}-\frac{n}{n+1}\)
a)Đặt A= \(\frac{1}{1.3}+\frac{1}{3.5}+...+\frac{1}{\left(2n-1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=\frac{2}{1.3}+\frac{2}{3.5}+...+\frac{2}{\left(2n-1\right)\left(2n+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{2n-1}-\frac{1}{2n+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=1-\frac{1}{2n+1}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}\)(đpcm)
b)Ta có: \(1+\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{1.2.3}+\frac{1}{1.2.3.4}+...+\frac{1}{1.2.3...n}< 1+\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)
mà \(1+\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}=1+\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{n-1}-\frac{1}{n}\)
\(=1+1-\frac{1}{n}\)
\(=2-\frac{1}{n}< 2\)
\(\Rightarrow1+\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{1.2.3}+\frac{1}{1.2.3.4}+...+\frac{1}{1.2.3...n}< 1+\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}< 2\)
\(\Rightarrow1+\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{1.2.3}+\frac{1}{1.2.3.4}+...+\frac{1}{1.2.3...n}< 2\)(đpcm)
1/
\(1+\frac{2014}{2}+...+\frac{4024}{2012}=1+\left(1+\frac{2012}{2}\right)+\left(1+\frac{2013}{3}\right)+...+\left(1+\frac{2012}{2012}\right)\)
\(=2012+2012\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2012}\right)=2012\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{2012}\right)\)
Phương trình đã cho tương đương:
\(\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{2012}\right).503x=2012\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{2012}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow503x=2012\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=4\)
2/
\(\frac{8}{1.9}+\frac{8}{9.17}+...+\frac{8}{49.57}+\frac{58}{57}+2x-2=2x+\frac{7}{3}+5x-\frac{8}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{1}-\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{9}-\frac{1}{17}+...+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{57}+\left(1+\frac{1}{57}\right)-2-\frac{7}{3}+\frac{8}{4}=5x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(5x=\frac{17}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{17}{15}\)
3/
Ta có: \(1+\frac{1}{n\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{n\left(n+2\right)+1}{n\left(n+2\right)}=\frac{\left(n+1\right)^2}{n\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(\left(1+\frac{1}{1.3}\right).\left(1+\frac{1}{2.4}\right).....\left(1+\frac{1}{n\left(n+2\right)}\right)\)\(=\frac{2^2}{1.3}.\frac{3^2}{2.4}.\frac{4^2}{3.5}.\frac{5^2}{4.6}.......\frac{\left(n+1\right)^2}{n\left(n+2\right)}\)
\(=2.\frac{n+1}{n+2}<2\) (do \(\frac{n+1}{n+2}=1-\frac{1}{n+2}<1\))
a; A = \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{4^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{6^2}\) + ... + \(\dfrac{1}{\left(2n\right)^2}\)
A = \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\).(\(\dfrac{1}{1^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{2^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3^2}\) + ... + \(\dfrac{1}{n^2}\))
A = \(\dfrac{1}{4}\).(\(\dfrac{1}{1}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{2.2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3.3}\) + ... + \(\dfrac{1}{n.n}\))
Vì \(\dfrac{1}{2.2}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}\); \(\dfrac{1}{3.3}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{2.3}\); ...; \(\dfrac{1}{n.n}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)
nên A < \(\dfrac{1}{4}\).(\(\dfrac{1}{1}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{2.3}\) + ... + \(\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\))
A < \(\dfrac{1}{4.}\)(1 + \(\dfrac{1}{1}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{n-1}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{n}\))
A < \(\dfrac{1}{4}\).(1 + 1 - \(\dfrac{1}{n}\))
A < \(\dfrac{1}{4}\).(2 - \(\dfrac{1}{n}\))
A < \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{4n}\) < \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)