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Câu 1:
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:
\(x^4+y^2\geq 2\sqrt{x^4y^2}=2x^2y\Rightarrow \frac{x}{x^4+y^2}\leq \frac{x}{2x^2y}=\frac{1}{2xy}=\frac{1}{2}(1)\)
\(x^2+y^4\geq 2\sqrt{x^2y^4}=2xy^2\Rightarrow \frac{y}{x^2+y^4}\leq \frac{y}{2xy^2}=\frac{1}{2xy}=\frac{1}{2}(2)\)
Lấy \((1)+(2)\Rightarrow A\leq \frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}=1\)
Vậy \(A_{\max}=1\). Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=1\)
Câu 2:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\(\left(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}\right)(x^2+y^2+2xy)\geq (1+1)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}\geq \frac{4}{x^2+y^2+2xy}=\frac{4}{(x+y)^2}\geq \frac{4}{1}=4(*)\)
(do \(x+y\leq 1\) )
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:
\(\frac{1}{4xy}+4xy\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{4xy}{4xy}}=2(**)\)
\(x+y\geq 2\sqrt{xy}\Leftrightarrow 1\geq 2\sqrt{xy}\Rightarrow xy\leq \frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{5}{4xy}\geq \frac{5}{4.\frac{1}{4}}=5(***)\)
Cộng \((*)+(**)+(***)\Rightarrow B\geq 4+2+5=11\)
Vậy \(B_{\min}=11\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(C=x^2-y^2\)
Tương tự câu \(A=x^2+y^2\)
\(D=x^4+y^4\)
Thay x + y = 17; x.y = 60 vào \(\left(x+y\right)^2=x^2+2xy+y^2\):
172 = x2 + 2.60 + y2
289 = x2 + 120 + y2
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2=169\)
Lại có:
\(\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2=x^4+y^4+2x^2y^2\)
\(\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2=x^4+y^4+\left(2xy\right)^2\)
Thay \(x^2+y^2=169;x.y=60\)vào biểu thức trên:
1692 = x4 + y4 + 2 . 602
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+y^4=28561-7200\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+y^4=21361\)
1: \(x^2+x+1\)
\(=x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}>0\forall x\)
2: \(2x^2+2x+1\)
\(=2\left(x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(=2\left(x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\)
\(=2\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2}>0\forall x\)
3:
\(x^2+y^2=\left(x-y\right)^2+2xy=7^2+2\cdot60=169\)
\(x^4+y^4=\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-2\cdot\left(xy\right)^2\)
\(=169^2-2\cdot60^2=21361\)
Ta có A = 2018.2020 + 2019.2021
= (2020 - 2).2020 + 2019.(2019 + 2)
= 20202 - 2.2020 + 20192 + 2.2019
= 20202 + 20192 - 2(2020 - 2019) = 20202 + 20192 - 2 = B
=> A = B
b) Ta có B = 964 - 1= (932)2 - 12
= (932 + 1)(932 - 1) = (932 + 1)(916 + 1)(916 - 1) = (932 + 1)(916 + 1)(98 + 1)(98 - 1)
= (932 + 1)(916 + 1)(98 + 1)(94 + 1)(94 - 1)
= (932 + 1)(916 + 1)(98 + 1)(94 + 1)(92 + 1)(92 - 1)
(932 + 1)(916 + 1)(98 + 1)(94 + 1)(92 + 1).80
mà A = (932 + 1)(916 + 1)(98 + 1)(94 + 1)(92 + 1).10
=> A < B
c) Ta có A = \(\frac{x-y}{x+y}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=\frac{x^2-y^2}{x^2+2xy+y^2}< \frac{x^2-y^2}{x^2+xy+y^2}=B\)
=> A < B
d) \(A=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^3}{x^2-y^2}=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^3}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)}=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{x-y}=\frac{x^2+2xy+y^2}{x-y}< \frac{x^2-xy+y^2}{x-y}=B\)
=> A < B
a) \(\left(x-y\right)^2=x^2-2xy+y^2=x^2+y^2-2xy\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2=\left(x-y\right)^2+2xy=7^2+2.60\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2=169\)
\(\left(x+y\right)^2=x^2+y^2+2xy=169+2.60\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2=289=17^2\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y=17\)
\(x^2-y^2=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)=17.7=119\)
b) \(\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2=\left(x^2\right)^2+\left(y^2\right)^2+2x^2y^2=x^4+y^4+2\left(xy\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow x^4+y^4=\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-2\left(xy\right)^2=169^2-2.60^2\)
\(\Rightarrow x^4+y^4=28561-7200=21361\)