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II. Read the passage and complete the sentences. True (T) or false (F).
Air pollution is a serious problem in many cities. Motor vehicles, factories and other sources create so much air pollution that it may hang in the air like dirty fog. Air pollution threatens the health of the people who live in cities. City wastes cause water pollution when they are poured into the waterways. These wastes kill fish and make some areas unfit for swimming. In addition, many large cities have difficulties in disposing of their garbage. The amount of garbage grows each year, but places to put it are quickly filling up. Citizens, governments, industries, scientists, and business people must work together in different ways to gradually reduce pollution. For example, most cities have introduced recycling programmes.
¨ 1. Motor vehicles and factories are among some sources of air pollution. T
¨ 2. Air pollution doesn’t endanger people’s health in some cities. F
¨ 3. Air pollution is the only problem of the environment mentioned in this passage.F
¨ 4. Garbage disposal is a problem in many large cities.T
¨ 5. Everyone must cooperate to reduce pollution.T
6. We can reduce pollution by recycling programmes only. F
V. Read the following passage and then answer the questions below it.
Air pollution is a cause of ill-health in human beings. In a lot of countries there are laws limiting the amount of smoke which factories can produce. Although there isn’t enough information on the effects of smoke in the atmosphere, doctors have proved that air pollution causes lung diseases.
The gases from the exhausts of cars have also increased air pollution in most cities. The lead in petrol produces a poisonous gas which often collects in busy streets surrounded by high buildings. Children who live in areas where there is a lot of lead in the atmosphere cannot think as quickly as other children and they are clumsy when they use their hands.
There are other long-term effects of pollution. If the gases in the atmosphere continue to increase, the earth’s climate may become warmer. A lot of the ice near the Poles may melt and may cause serious floods.
1. What can make people sick?
=> Air pollution can made people sick_____
2. Where does smoke come from?
=> _Smoke comes from the exhausts of cars
3. Can air pollution cause lung diseases?
=> ___Yes , it can___
4. What else can cause air pollution in cities?
=> The lead in petrol produces a poisonous gas can cause air pollution in cities
5. Why does the earth’s climate become warmer?
=> Because there are other long-term effects of pollution_
1. You can't have a good health unless you exercise more
→ If we don't exercise more, we won't have good health.
2. Visual pollution happens when there are too many telephone poles, advertising billboards or shop signs
→ Too many telephone poles, advertising billboards, or shop signs can lead to visual pollution
3. Unless we take action immediately, the air will become completely polluted
→ If we don't take action immediately, the air will become completely polluted
4. Herbicides kill oth weeds and aquatic plants
→ Both weeds and aquatic plants die due to herbicides
5. The environment is now in danger because many people do not respect it
→ If many people do not respect environment, it is now in danger
6. The water is contaminated, so people get more diseases
→ Since the water is contaminated, people get more diseases
7. My uncle suffered from lung cancer because he breathed in unclean air
→ Because of breathing in unclean air, my uncle suffered from lung cancer
8. Unless people stop throwing rubbish in street, the street won't look attractive
→ The street will look unattractive unless people stop throwing rubbish in it
9. Because it rained heavily, the road in front of my house was flooded
→ Due to the heavy rain, the road in front of my house was flooded
10. Too much use of electric lights in cities may cause light pollution
→ Light pollution many result from too much use of electric lights in cities
III. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage.
Light pollution is not (1) serious as water or air pollution. (2) , it is the type of pollution that (3) more in cities than in rural areas. In the past, we could sit out at night and (4) at glittering stars in the sky and light from objects in the outer space. Nowadays, cities are covered with lights from buildings, streets, advertising displays, many of which direct the lights up into the sky and into many unwanted places. The real problem is that it is very (5) to apply light to almost everything at night. Millions of tons of oil and coal (6) to produce the power to light the sky. Eye strain, (7) of vision and stress are what people may get from light pollution. (8) light at night can harm our eyes and also harm the hormones that help us to see things properly.
1. A. as B. more C. much D. only
2. A. Moreover B. However C. Therefore D. Nevertheless
3. A. happen B. occur C. occurs D. is occurred
4. A. watch B. see C. spend D. gaze
5. A. waste B. wasteful C. wasting D. wastes
6. A. used B. using C. is used D. are used
7. A. lose B. lost C. loss D. losing
8. A. Very much B. Too much C. Too many D. So many
Visual pollution can happen outside or inside your house.
When you are in the street, do you look around and see too (32) …many……… telephone poles, overhead power lines, or advertising billboards? This is known as (33) ……a…… ‘negative visual environment’, and it causes visual pollution. For many communities, visual pollution also (34) …includes……… uncut weeds, graffiti, litter, and even badly cared-for buildings.
This kind of pollution can be present in your house, too. If you (35) ……dump…… clothes or school things on the floor, it causes visual pollution. A room (36) ……with…… too much furniture placed in an untidy way is another example of visual pollution in the house.
You may not know that when you go out without wearing appropriate clothing, you can also cause this type of pollution.
I. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with the correct words.
Environmental pollution is a term that (1) refers to all the way by which man pollutes his surroundings. Man dirties the air with gases and smoke, (2) poisons the water with chemicals and other substances, and damages the soil with (3) too many fertilizers and pesticides. Man also pollutes his surroundings (4) in various other ways for example(5) , people run natural be run natural beauty by scattering little on the land and in the water. They operate machines and motor vehicles that fill the air with disturbing (6) noise pollution.
Environmental pollution (7) is one of the most serious (8) problems feeing mankind today. Air, (9) water and soil are necessary to the survival of all living things. Badly - polluted air can cause illness, and (10)even death. Polluted water kills and other marine life. Pollution of soil reduces the amount of land for growing food. Environmental pollution also brings ugliness to man’s naturally beautiful world.
Câu bị động: ( Passive voise )
1) Somebody has taken some of my book away.
⇒⇒ .......Some of my books have been taken away by somebody....................................................................
2) The will hold the meeting before the may day.
⇒⇒ ...............The meeting will be held before the may day............................................................
3) They have to repair the engine of the car.
⇒⇒ ..............The engine of the car has to be repaired.................................................................
4) The boys broke the window and took away some pictures.
⇒⇒ ...................The window was broken and some pictures were taken away by the boys.......................................................................
5) People spend a lot of money on advertising every day. ⇒⇒ ......................a lot of money is spent on advertising every day ....................................................................
6) The may use this room for the classroom. ⇒⇒ ........................This room may be used for the classroom..................................................................
7) The teacher is going to tell the story. ⇒⇒ ..................The story is going to be told by the teacher.
........................................................................
8) Marry is cutting the cake with a sharp knife. ⇒⇒ ...........The cake is being cut with a sharp knife by Marry.
...............................................................................
Put in order
1. of Ha /terrible storm /Yesterday, a /struck the /Giang Province. /rural area
=> Yesterday, a terrible storm struck the rural area of Ha Giang Province.
2. public shelters /volcano /Villagers /into /as soon/ erupted. /rushed /as the
=> Villagers rushed into public shelters as soon as the volcano erupted.
3. destroyed /Hundreds/ shook /were completely /when the /the city. /of buildings /earthquake
=> Hundreds of buildings were completely destroyed when the earthquake shook the city.
4. in /village /The mudslide /the whole /while people /still sleeping /houses. /buried /were /their
=> The mudslide buried the whole village while people were still sleeping in their houses.
5. or /hours and /The forest /for eight/ some animals /injured /killed. /fire raged /were badly/
=> The forest fire raged for eight hours and some animals were badly injured or killed.
6. into /We /to run /the house/ before /out of /collapsed./managed /the street /the walls
=> We managed to run into the street out of the house before the walls collapsed.
7. because there /in the /Noise /occurs /are too /sounds /environment. /pollution/ many loud
=> Noise pollution occurs because there are too many loud sounds in the environment.
8. billboards, overhead /The sign of too /visual pollution. /advertising /power lines, /may cause/many telephone poles, /or shop signs
=> The sign of too many telephone poles, billboards, overhead power lines, advertising or shop signs may cause visual pollution.
9. the Earth's /Soil /happens /activities /surface. /pollution /when human /destroy
=> Soil pollution happens when human activities destroy the Earth's surface.
10. steams, rivers, /When thermal pollution /temperature in /changes. /happens, the water /lakes, or oceans
=> When thermal pollution happens, the water temperature in streams, rivers, lakes, or oceans changes.
11. idea about /She /up with an /the /project. /has come/ environmental
=> She has come up with an idea about the environmental project.
12. health /contaminated /If the /drink /they /have /problems. /local people /will/ water,
=> If the local people drink contamintaed water, they will have health problems.
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