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V. Read the following passage and then answer the questions below it.
Air pollution is a cause of ill-health in human beings. In a lot of countries there are laws limiting the amount of smoke which factories can produce. Although there isn’t enough information on the effects of smoke in the atmosphere, doctors have proved that air pollution causes lung diseases.
The gases from the exhausts of cars have also increased air pollution in most cities. The lead in petrol produces a poisonous gas which often collects in busy streets surrounded by high buildings. Children who live in areas where there is a lot of lead in the atmosphere cannot think as quickly as other children and they are clumsy when they use their hands.
There are other long-term effects of pollution. If the gases in the atmosphere continue to increase, the earth’s climate may become warmer. A lot of the ice near the Poles may melt and may cause serious floods.
1. What can make people sick?
=> Air pollution can made people sick_____
2. Where does smoke come from?
=> _Smoke comes from the exhausts of cars
3. Can air pollution cause lung diseases?
=> ___Yes , it can___
4. What else can cause air pollution in cities?
=> The lead in petrol produces a poisonous gas can cause air pollution in cities
5. Why does the earth’s climate become warmer?
=> Because there are other long-term effects of pollution_
PART VII: (2.0 pts) Read the following passage and circle the answers A, B, C or D which is most accurate according to the information given in the passage.
In order to help solve the problem of pollution, people have to be aware of its causes, some of which are quite obvious in everyday life. In many cities people are forced to breathe in polluted air, commonly known as smog, which is a mixture of gases sent out by car exhausts and factory chimneys. What can be done to reduce air pollution is to remove factories from cities and use lead-free petrol in cars.
The pollution of rivers, lakes and seas leads to the death of the creatures that live in them. Factories are largely responsible for the present situation, which is expected to worsen if governments do not make them to obey the law against pollution and punish industries which pollute water.
Finally, all over the world, especially in cities, we see huge amounts of rubbish in the streets, which we are responsible for. The rubbish collection system often does not work properly and people themselves add to the problem by dropping litter in the streets. There is so much we could do to help solve the problem. The point is how willing are we to do something about it?
1. In order to help solve the problem of pollution,
A people need to know what causes it.
B people don’t need to know what causes it.
C people have to do something immediately.
D people don’t need to do anything about it.
2. Smog is caused by
A cars only
B factories only.
C cars and factories.
D air
3. The pollution of rivers, lakes and seas is largely caused by
A car exhausts.
B lead-free petrol in cars.
C factories.
D creatures.
4. Which of the following is NOT true?
A People add to the problem of pollution by collecting rubbish.
B People add to the problem of pollution by dropping litter.
C Huge amounts of rubbish in the cities cause pollution.
D We are responsible for huge amounts of rubbish in the cities.
5. The opposite of the word properly in the passage is
A unproperly B disproperly
C improperly D inproperly
I. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with the correct words.
Environmental pollution is a term that (1) refers to all the way by which man pollutes his surroundings. Man dirties the air with gases and smoke, (2) poisons the water with chemicals and other substances, and damages the soil with (3) too many fertilizers and pesticides. Man also pollutes his surroundings (4) in various other ways for example(5) , people run natural be run natural beauty by scattering little on the land and in the water. They operate machines and motor vehicles that fill the air with disturbing (6) noise pollution.
Environmental pollution (7) is one of the most serious (8) problems feeing mankind today. Air, (9) water and soil are necessary to the survival of all living things. Badly - polluted air can cause illness, and (10)even death. Polluted water kills and other marine life. Pollution of soil reduces the amount of land for growing food. Environmental pollution also brings ugliness to man’s naturally beautiful world.
III. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage.
Light pollution is not (1) serious as water or air pollution. (2) , it is the type of pollution that (3) more in cities than in rural areas. In the past, we could sit out at night and (4) at glittering stars in the sky and light from objects in the outer space. Nowadays, cities are covered with lights from buildings, streets, advertising displays, many of which direct the lights up into the sky and into many unwanted places. The real problem is that it is very (5) to apply light to almost everything at night. Millions of tons of oil and coal (6) to produce the power to light the sky. Eye strain, (7) of vision and stress are what people may get from light pollution. (8) light at night can harm our eyes and also harm the hormones that help us to see things properly.
1. A. as B. more C. much D. only
2. A. Moreover B. However C. Therefore D. Nevertheless
3. A. happen B. occur C. occurs D. is occurred
4. A. watch B. see C. spend D. gaze
5. A. waste B. wasteful C. wasting D. wastes
6. A. used B. using C. is used D. are used
7. A. lose B. lost C. loss D. losing
8. A. Very much B. Too much C. Too many D. So many
complete each of the numbered blanks in the following passage.
Everyone wants to reduce pollution. But the pollution problem is as complicated (1)__________it is serious. It is complicated because much (2)__________is caused by things that benefit people. For example, exhaust (3)_________automobiles causes a large percentage of all air pollution. (4)_________ the automobiles provide transportation for millions of people. Factories (5)__________much of the material which pollutes air and water, but factories give employment to a large number of people.
Thus, to (6)__________or greatly reduce pollution immediately, people would have to stop using many things that benefit them. Most of the people do not want to do that, of course. But pollution can be (7)__________reduced in several ways. (8)__________and engineers can work to find ways to lessen the (9)__________of pollution that such things as automobiles and factories cause. Governments can pass and enforce laws that require businesses and individuals to stop, or cut (10)__________on certain polluting activities.
1. A. for B. as C. because D. since
2. A. polluter B. pollutant C. polluting D. pollution
3. A. in B. at C. from D. for
4. A. Therefore B. However C. Moreover D. But
5. A. discharge B. offer C. emit D. dissolve
6. A. cause B. end C. increase D. pause
7. A. increasingly B. hopelessly C. gradually D. dangerously
8. A. Scientists B. Doctors C. Lecturers D. Botanists
9. A. number B. figures C. numbers D. amount
10. A. up B. off C. down D. into
complete each of the numbered blanks in the following passage.
Everyone wants to reduce pollution. But the pollution problem is as complicated (1)__________it is serious. It is complicated because much (2)__________is caused by things that benefit people. For example, exhaust (3)_________automobiles causes a large percentage of all air pollution. (4)_________ the automobiles provide transportation for millions of people. Factories (5)__________much of the material which pollutes air and water, but factories give employment to a large number of people.
Thus, to (6)__________or greatly reduce pollution immediately, people would have to stop using many things that benefit them. Most of the people do not want to do that, of course. But pollution can be (7)__________reduced in several ways. (8)__________and engineers can work to find ways to lessen the (9)__________of pollution that such things as automobiles and factories cause. Governments can pass and enforce laws that require businesses and individuals to stop, or cut (10)__________on certain polluting activities.
1. A. for B. as C. because D. since
2. A. polluter B. pollutant C. polluting D. pollution
3. A. in B. at C. from D. for
4. A. Therefore B. However C. Moreover D. But
5. A. discharge B. offer C. emit D. dissolve
6. A. cause B. end C. increase D. pause
7. A. increasingly B. hopelessly C. gradually D. dangerously
8. A. Scientists B. Doctors C. Lecturers D. Botanists
9. A. number B. figures C. numbers D. amount
10. A. up B. off C. down D. into
II. Read the passage and complete the sentences. True (T) or false (F).
Air pollution is a serious problem in many cities. Motor vehicles, factories and other sources create so much air pollution that it may hang in the air like dirty fog. Air pollution threatens the health of the people who live in cities. City wastes cause water pollution when they are poured into the waterways. These wastes kill fish and make some areas unfit for swimming. In addition, many large cities have difficulties in disposing of their garbage. The amount of garbage grows each year, but places to put it are quickly filling up. Citizens, governments, industries, scientists, and business people must work together in different ways to gradually reduce pollution. For example, most cities have introduced recycling programmes.
¨ 1. Motor vehicles and factories are among some sources of air pollution. T
¨ 2. Air pollution doesn’t endanger people’s health in some cities. F
¨ 3. Air pollution is the only problem of the environment mentioned in this passage.F
¨ 4. Garbage disposal is a problem in many large cities.T
¨ 5. Everyone must cooperate to reduce pollution.T
6. We can reduce pollution by recycling programmes only. F
c