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a) \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{5,88}{98}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,04<--0,06------->0,02---------->0,06
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=m_{Al}=0,04.27=1,08\left(g\right)\\V=V_{H_2}=0,06.22,4=1,344\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
Cách 1: \(m=m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,02.342=6,84\left(g\right)\)
Cách 2: \(m_{H_2}=0,06.2=0,12\left(g\right)\)
Áp dụng ĐLBTKL:
\(m_{Al}+m_{H_2SO_4}=m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}+m_{H_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow m=m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=1,08+5,88-0,12=6,84\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1,344}{22,4}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(2H_2+O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,06}{2}< \dfrac{0,06}{1}\Rightarrow\) O2 dư, H2 hết
Theo PTHH: \(n_{O_2\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{H_2}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2\left(d\text{ư}\right)}=0,06-0,03=0,03\left(mol\right)\\m_{O_2\left(d\text{ư}\right)}=0,03.32=0,96\left(g\right)\\V_{O_2\left(d\text{ư}\right)}=0,03.22,4=0,672\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2O}=n_{H_2}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=0,06.18=1,08\left(g\right)\)
a) 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
b) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 3H2SO4 --> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2
0,4--->0,6-------------------->0,6
=> VH2 = 0,6.22,4 = 13,44 (l)
c) \(V_{dd.H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,6}{1}=0,6\left(l\right)\)
d) \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,6}{3}\) => Fe2O3 hết, H2 dư
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
0,1----------------->0,2
=> mFe = 0,2.56 = 11,2 (g)
a.b.\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m_{Al}}{M_{Al}}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2mol\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,2 0,3 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,3.22,4=6,72l\)
c.\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{m_{CuO}}{M_{CuO}}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0,4mol\)
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
0,4 < 0,3 ( mol )
0,3 0,3 0,3 ( mol )
\(m_A=m_{CuO\left(du\right)}+m_{Cu}=\left[\left(0,4-0,3\right).80\right]+\left(0,3.64\right)=8+19,2=27,2g\)
Áp dụng ĐLBTKL, ta có:
\(10,8+43,8=m_{AlCl_3}+\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}.2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=10,8+43,8-0,6=54\left(g\right)\)
a. 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
b. nAl = \(\dfrac{8.1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)=> \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,3=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,45.22,4=10,08\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{0,54}{27}=0,02mol\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{22,05}{98}=0,225mol\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,02 < 0,225 ( mol )
0,02 0,03 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,03.24,79=0,7437l\)
a) Fe + H2SO4 --> FeSO4 + H2
b) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 --> FeSO4 + H2
0,1------------------------>0,1
=> VH2 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (l)
c) \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{12}{80}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\) => CuO dư, H2 hết
PTHH: CuO + H2 --to--> Cu + H2O
0,1<--0,1------->0,1
=> mCuO(dư) = (0,15 - 0,1).80 = 4 (g)
mCu = 0,1.64 = 6,4 (g)
a, PT: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow H_2SO_4+H_2\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
c, Ta có: \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{12}{80}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\), ta được CuO dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{Cu}=n_{CuO\left(pư\right)}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,05.80=4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Cu}=0,1.64=6,4\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
Bài 1.
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1mol\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1
\(V_{H_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24l\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{12}{80}=0,15mol\)
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
0,15 0,1
\(\Rightarrow CuO\) dư và dư \(\left(0,15-0,1\right)\cdot80=4g\)
Bài 2.
\(n_P=\dfrac{3,1}{31}=0,1mol\)
\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)
0,1 0,125
\(V_{O_2}=0,125\cdot22,4=2,8l\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3mol\)
\(2Zn+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2ZnO\)
0,3 0,125 0
0,25 0,125 0,25
0,05 0 0,25
\(\Rightarrow ZnO\) dư và dư \(0,05\cdot81=4,05g\)
Bài 1.
a, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 ---> FeSO4 + H2
Mol: 0,1 0,1
b, \(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
c, \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{12}{80}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{0,15}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\) ⇒ CuO dư, H2 hết
PTHH: CuO + H2 ---to----> Cu + H2O
Mol: 0,1 0,1
\(m_{CuOdư}=\left(0,15-0,1\right).80=4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8.1}{27}-0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{49}{98}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(2..........3\)
\(0.3..........0.5\)
\(LTL:\dfrac{0.3}{2}< \dfrac{0.5}{3}\Rightarrow H_2SO_4dư\)
\(V_{H_2}=\left(\dfrac{0.3\cdot3}{2}\right)\cdot22.4=10.08\left(l\right)\)
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{49}{98}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,3}{2}< \dfrac{0,5}{3}\), ta được H2SO4 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,45.22,4=10,08\left(l\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!