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nH2 = 6,72 : 22,4 = 0,3 ( mol )
PTHH : 2Al + 6HCl -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0,2 0,6 mol <- 0,3mol
a = mAl = 0,2 x 27 = 5,4 (g)
VHCl = 0,6 : 2 = 0,3 ( l ) = 300 ( ml )
\(nNa=\dfrac{6,9}{23}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(4Na+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Na_2O\)
4 1 2 (mol)
0,3 0,075 0,15
\(VO_2=0,075.22,4=1,68\left(l\right)\)
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaO H\)
1 1 2 (mol)
0,15 0,15 0,3 (mol)
\(m_{NaOH}=0,3.40=12\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{ddA}=\dfrac{12.100}{180}=6,67\%\)
a. \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6.5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2
0,1 0,2 0,1
b. \(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
c. \(m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1
\(V_{H_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24l\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,2\cdot36,5=7,3g\)
PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
Làm gộp các phần còn lại
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1mol\\n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,3mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,1\cdot342=34,2\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2SO_4}=0,3\cdot98=29,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
2Al+3H2SO4->Al2(SO4)3+3H2
0,1----------------------0,075----0,15
n H2=0,15 mol
=>mAl=0,1.27=2,7g
=>m Al2(SO4)3=0,075.342=25,65g
a) PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_2\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,15=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,05.342=17,1\left(g\right)\)
a) \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{5,88}{98}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
0,04<--0,06------->0,02---------->0,06
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=m_{Al}=0,04.27=1,08\left(g\right)\\V=V_{H_2}=0,06.22,4=1,344\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)
Cách 1: \(m=m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,02.342=6,84\left(g\right)\)
Cách 2: \(m_{H_2}=0,06.2=0,12\left(g\right)\)
Áp dụng ĐLBTKL:
\(m_{Al}+m_{H_2SO_4}=m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}+m_{H_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow m=m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=1,08+5,88-0,12=6,84\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1,344}{22,4}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(2H_2+O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,06}{2}< \dfrac{0,06}{1}\Rightarrow\) O2 dư, H2 hết
Theo PTHH: \(n_{O_2\left(p\text{ư}\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{H_2}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2\left(d\text{ư}\right)}=0,06-0,03=0,03\left(mol\right)\\m_{O_2\left(d\text{ư}\right)}=0,03.32=0,96\left(g\right)\\V_{O_2\left(d\text{ư}\right)}=0,03.22,4=0,672\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2O}=n_{H_2}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=0,06.18=1,08\left(g\right)\)