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a, Mg + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) MgCl2 + H2 Cu + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) CuCl2 + H2
b, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\\n_{Cu}=y\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+64y=16\\x+y=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-0,24\\y=0,34\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xem lại đầu bài nha
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18.25}{36.5}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(a.Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(b.\)
\(n_{Mg}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot0.5=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=0.25\cdot24=6\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.25\cdot22.4=5.6\left(l\right)\)
\(c.\)
\(V_{H_2\left(tt\right)}=5.6\cdot90\%=5.04\left(l\right)\)
Ta có : C1=2C2
=> Gọi nH2SO4 =x
=> n HCl = 2x
Bảo toàn nguyên tố H :\(n_{HCl}.1+n_{H_2SO_4}.2=n_{H_2}.2\)
\(\Rightarrow2a+2a=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6.2\)
=>a = 0,3(mol)
=> CMHCl = \(\dfrac{0,6}{0,3}=2M\); CMH2SO4 = \(\dfrac{0,3}{0,3}=1M\)
Dung dịch B gồm : Mg 2+ , Al3+ , Cl- , SO4 2-
\(n_{Cl^-}=n_{HCl}=0,6\left(mol\right);n_{SO_4^{2-}}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn điện tích cho dung dịch B:
\(n_{Mg}.2+n_{Al}.3=0,6+0,3.2\) (1)
Theo đề bài : \(24.n_{Mg}+27.n_{Al}=12,6\) (2)
Từ (1), (2)=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=0,3\\n_{Al}=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,3.24}{12,6}.100=57,14\%\)
=> % m Al = 100 -57.14 = 42,86%
\(n_{H2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a) \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
\(Al_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)
b) \(n_{Fe}=n_{H2}=n_{H2SO4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al2O3}=15,8-5,6=10,2\left(g\right)\)
c) Ta có : \(n_{Al2O3}=\dfrac{10,2}{102}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{H2SO4}=3n_{Al2O3}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{MddH2SO4}=\dfrac{0,1+0,3}{0,2}=2M\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\\n_{Zn}=y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)
\(Mg+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Mg+H_2\)
x 2x x x ( mol )
\(Zn+2CH_3COOH\rightarrow\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Zn+H_2\)
y 2y y y ( mol )
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+65y=11,3\\x+y=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0,2.24=4,8g\\m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5g\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{11,3}.100=42,47\%\\\%m_{Zn}=100\%-42,47\%=57,53\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{CH_3COOH}=60.\left(0,2+0,1\right)=18g\)
\(C\%_{CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{18}{200}.100=9\%\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Mg}=0,2.142=28,4g\\m_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Zn}=0,1.183=18,3g\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{ddspứ}=11,3+200-0,3.2=210,7g\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Mg}=\dfrac{28,4}{210,7}.100=13,47\%\\C\%_{\left(CH_3COO\right)_2Zn}=\dfrac{18,3}{210,7}.100=8,68\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a
PTHH:
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(2R+6HCl\rightarrow2RCl_3+3H_2\)
b
BT Cl: \(m_{Cl}=m_{muối}-m_{hh}=32,35-7,5=24,85\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Cl}=n_{HCl}=\dfrac{24,85}{35,5}=0,7\left(mol\right)\)
BT H: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,7=0,35\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,35.22,4=7,84\left(l\right)\)
BT Cl mới suy ra được nHCl = nCl bạn
Còn chỗ BT H hiểu đơn giản là nhìn theo phương trình hóa học hệ số HCl gấp đôi chỗ hệ số của \(H_2\) cho nhanh: )