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a.
\(m_{Ag}=m_{k.tan}=8,7\left(g\right)\\ m_{Zn,Mg}=20-8,7=11,3\left(g\right)\\ \left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\left(a,b>0\right)\\Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\\ Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}65a+24b=11,3\\a+b=0,3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Ag}=\dfrac{8,7}{20}.100=43,5\%\\\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{24.0,2}{20}.100=24\%\\\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{20}.100=32,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b.
\(n_{H_2SO_4\left(tổng\right)}=a+b=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ V_{ddH_2SO_4\left(tổng\right)}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,5}=0,6\left(lít\right)=600\left(ml\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2.8}{56}=0.05\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
a) Chất tan : FeSO4
Chất khí : H2
\(m_{FeSO_4}=0.05\cdot152=7.6\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.05\cdot22.4=1.12\left(l\right)\)
a, PT: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=0,5.65=32,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=72,5-32,5=40\left(g\right)\)
c, Ta có: \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{40}{80}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Zn}+n_{CuO}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow b=C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{1}{2,5}=0,4M\)
c, Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{Zn}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuSO_4}=n_{CuO}=0,5\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{ZnSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,5}{2,5}=0,2M\\C_{M_{CuSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,5}{2,5}=0,2M\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
a, \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\left(I\right)\)
\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\left(II\right)\)
b, Theo PTHH(1) : \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=32,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuO}=m_{hh}-m_{Zn}=40\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CuO}=\dfrac{m}{M}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
c, Theo PTHH (1) và (2) : \(n_{H2SO4}=n_{CuO}+n_{Zn}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{MH2SO4}=b=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{1}{2,5}=0,4M\)
d, ( Chắc là thể tích coi như không đổi )
Thấy sau phản ứng thu được A gồm \(0,5molZnSO_4,0,5molCuSO_4\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{MCuSO4}=C_{MZnSO4}=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,5}{2,5}=0,2M\)
Vậy ...
`PTPƯ: Zn + H_2 SO_4-> ZnSO_4 + H_2↑`
`n_[Zn] = [ 6,5 ] / 65= 0,1 (mol)`
Theo `PTPƯ` có: `n_[ZnSO_4] = n_[Zn] = 0,1 (mol)`
`-> m_[ZnSO_4] = 0,1 . 161 = 16,1 (g)`
a) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{117,6.25\%}{98}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 --> MgSO4 + H2
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,3}{1}\) => Mg hết, H2SO4 dư
PTHH: Mg + H2SO4 --> MgSO4 + H2
0,2--->0,2------>0,2---->0,2
=> VH2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
b) mdd sau pư = 4,8 + 117,6 - 0,2.2 = 122 (g)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.120}{122}.100\%=19,67\%\\C\%_{H_2SO_4.dư}=\dfrac{\left(0,3-0,2\right).98}{122}.100\%=8,03\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1:
PTHH: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4\cdot36,5}{14,6\%}=100\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 2:
PTHH: \(2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{KOH}=\dfrac{100\cdot11,2\%}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{150\cdot9,8\%}{98}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,2}{2}< \dfrac{0,15}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) H2SO4 còn dư, KOH p/ứ hết
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{K_2SO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{K_2SO_4}=0,1\cdot174=17,4\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,05\cdot98=4,9\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{ddKOH}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}=250\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{K_2SO_4}=\dfrac{17,4}{250}\cdot100\%=6,96\%\\C\%_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{4,9}{250}\cdot100\%=1,96\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{117,6.25\%}{98}=0,3\\ Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\\LTL:\dfrac{0,2}{1}< \dfrac{0,3}{1}\Rightarrow H_2SO_4dư\\ n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\DungdịchB:MgSO_4;H_2SO_4dư\\ m_{ddsaupu}=4,8+117,6-0,2.2=122\left(g\right)\\ n_{H_2SO_4dư}=0,3-0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{MgSO_4}=n_{Mg}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ C\%_{H_2SO_4dư}=\dfrac{0,1.98}{122}.100=8,03\%\\ C\%_{MgSO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.120}{122}.100=19,67\% \)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1mol\)
Zn+H2SO4\(\rightarrow\)ZnSO4+H2
\(n_{H_2}=n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{Zn}=0,1mol\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\)
\(m_{ZnSO_4}=0,1.161=16,1gam\)