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ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+y\ge1\\x+2y\ge2\\x+4y\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(pt\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(2x+y-1\right)-\left(x+2y-2\right)}{\sqrt{2x+y-1}+\sqrt{x+2y-2}}+\left(x-y+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x-y+1}{\sqrt{2x+y-1}+\sqrt{x+2y-2}}+\left(x-y+1\right)=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y+1\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x+y-1}+\sqrt{x+2y-2}}+1\right)=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow x-y+1=0\)
Thế vào pt 2 => x;y
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2x+y-1}=a\ge0\\\sqrt{x+2y-2}=b\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow a^2-b^2=x-y+1\)
Phương trình thứ nhất trở thành:
\(a-b+a^2-b^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(1+a+b\right)=0\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x+y-1}=\sqrt{x+2y-2}\Rightarrow y=x+1\)
Thay xuống pt dưới:
\(4x^2-\left(x+1\right)^2+x+4-\sqrt{3x+1}-\sqrt{5x+4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2-x+3-\sqrt{3x+1}-\sqrt{5x+4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2-3x+x+1-\sqrt{3x+1}+x+2-\sqrt{5x+4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x\left(x-1\right)+\frac{\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(3x+1\right)}{x+1+\sqrt{3x+1}}+\frac{\left(x+2\right)^2-\left(5x+4\right)}{x+2+\sqrt{5x+4}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x\left(x-1\right)+\frac{x\left(x-1\right)}{x+1+\sqrt{3x+1}}+\frac{x\left(x-1\right)}{x+2+\sqrt{5x+4}}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-1\right)\left(3+\frac{1}{x+1+\sqrt{3x+1}}+\frac{1}{x+2+\sqrt{5x+4}}\right)=0\)
ĐKXĐ : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x^2+2y+2\ge0\\3x+y\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có : \(\left(\sqrt{4x^2+3}-2x\right)\left(\sqrt{y^2-2y+4}-y+1\right)=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{4x^2+3}+2x}.\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{y^2-2y+4}+y-1}=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{4x^2+3}+2x\right)\left(\sqrt{y^2-2y+4}+y-1\right)=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{4x^2+3}+2x\right)\left(\sqrt{y^2-2y+4}+y-1\right)=\left(\sqrt{4x^2+3}-2x\right)\left(\sqrt{y^2-2y+4}-y+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\sqrt{y^2-2y+4}+\left(y-1\right).\sqrt{4x^2+3}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\sqrt{y^2-2y+4}=\left(1-y\right).\sqrt{4x^2+3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x^2.\left(y^2-2y+4\right)=\left(y^2-2y+1\right).\left(4x^2+3\right)\\2x.\left(1-y\right)\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x^2=y^2-2y+1\\2x\left(1-y\right)\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=y-1\\2x=1-y\end{matrix}\right.\\2x\left(1-y\right)\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với 2x = 1 - y
Khi đó ta có \(\sqrt{4x^2+2y+2}-\sqrt{3x+y}=2x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{4x^2-4x+4}-\sqrt{x+1}=2x+1\) (ĐK : \(x\ge-1\))
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x^2-x+1}-\sqrt{x+1}=2x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(\sqrt{x^2-x+1}-1\right)=2x+\sqrt{x+1}-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt{x^2-x+1}+1}=2x+\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{x+1}+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\\dfrac{2x-2}{\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}=2+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+1}\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Phương trình (1)
<=> \(\dfrac{2\left(x+1\right)}{\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}=2+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+1}+\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}\)
Xét vế trái : \(\dfrac{2\left(x+1\right)}{\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{4x^2+4x+1}{x^2-x+1}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{5x^2-5x+5-x^2+9x-4}{x^2-x+1}}\)
\(=\sqrt{5-\dfrac{x^2-9x+4}{x^2-x+1}}< \sqrt{5}\) (2)
Lại có \(2+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+1}+\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}\)
\(=2+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}\)
\(\ge2+\dfrac{\left(1+1+1+1+1\right)^2}{\sqrt{x+1}+1+4\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}=2+\dfrac{25}{\sqrt{x+1}+1+4\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}\)
Dấu "=" khi \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+1}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-x+1}}\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\approx3,498374325\\x\approx-0,7385661113\end{matrix}\right.\)
Khi đó \(VP\ge3,6\) (3)
Từ (3) và (2) => (1) vô nghiệm
Vậy x = 0 => y = 1
Với 2x = y - 1 kết hợp điều kiện 2x(1 - y) \(\ge0\)
ta được x = 0 ; y = 1
Vậy (x ; y) = (0;1)
Bài 1:
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-6x-7\right)^2-\left(3x^2-12x-9\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x^2-12x-9-x^2+6x+7\right)\left(3x^2-12x-9+x^2-6x-7\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x^2-6x-2\right)\left(4x^2-18x-16\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-3x-1\right)\left(2x^2-9x-8\right)=0\)
hay \(x\in\left\{\dfrac{3+\sqrt{13}}{2};\dfrac{3-\sqrt{13}}{2};\dfrac{9+\sqrt{145}}{4};\dfrac{9-\sqrt{145}}{4}\right\}\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-y}=a\ge0\\\sqrt{y}=b\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Phương trình đầu trở thành:
\(\left(1-b^2\right)a+a^2+b^2=2+\left(a^2-1\right)b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+a^2+b^2-a^2b-ab^2-2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-1+b-1-a^2\left(b-1\right)-b^2\left(a-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-b^2\right)\left(a-1\right)+\left(a^2-1\right)\left(1-b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(1-b\right)\left(2+a+b\right)=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\b=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y+1\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Trường hợp \(y=1\) đơn giản bạn tự thay xuống giải
- Với \(x=y+1\)
\(2y^2-3\left(y+1\right)+6y+1-2\sqrt{1-y}+\sqrt{1-y}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2y^2+3y-2-\sqrt{1-y}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2y^2+2y-2+y-\sqrt{1-y}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(y^2+y-1\right)+\frac{y^2+y-1}{y+\sqrt{1-y}}=0\)
Nhớ nhìn căn thức và loại nghiệm theo ĐKXĐ
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Mincopxky:
\(y=\sqrt{x^2+4x+8}+\sqrt{x^2-4x+8}=\sqrt{(x+2)^2+4}+\sqrt{(x-2)^2+4}\)
\(=\sqrt{(x+2)^2+2^2}+\sqrt{(2-x)^2+2^2}\geq \sqrt{(x+2+2-x)^2+(2+2)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{32}=4\sqrt{2}\)
Vậy $y_{\min}=4\sqrt{2}$ khi $x=0$
a, ĐKXĐ:...
\(\sqrt{5x+10}=8-x\\ \Leftrightarrow5x+10=64-16x+x^2\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-21x+54=0\)
.....
b, ĐKXĐ:...
\(\sqrt{4x^2+x-12}=3x-5\\ \Leftrightarrow4x^2+x-12=9x^2-30x+25\\ \Leftrightarrow5x^2-31x+37=0\)
.....
Để bình 8 - x lên thì cần phải có ĐK x ≤ 8 nữa nhé! Đi thi ko có đk coi như bỏ :)))