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Muốn làm những bài toán có chứa hỗn số thì em cần nhớ:
Bước 1: Chuyển các hỗn số có trong phép tính thành phân số.
Bước 2: Thực hiện phép tính theo thứ tự thực hiện phép tính
a, \(\dfrac{8\dfrac{1}{2}}{15:\dfrac{5}{17}}\)
= \(\dfrac{\dfrac{17}{2}}{15\times\dfrac{17}{5}}\)
= \(\dfrac{\dfrac{17}{2}}{3\times17}\)
= \(\dfrac{17}{2}\) x \(\dfrac{1}{3\times17}\)
= \(\dfrac{1}{6}\)
a, \(\dfrac{7}{8}\) \(\times\) \(\dfrac{3}{13}\) + \(\dfrac{4}{9}\) \(\times\) \(\dfrac{4}{13}\)
= \(\dfrac{1}{13}\) \(\times\)( \(\dfrac{21}{8}\) + \(\dfrac{16}{9}\))
= \(\dfrac{1}{13}\) \(\times\)( \(\dfrac{189}{72}\) + \(\dfrac{128}{72}\))
= \(\dfrac{1}{13}\) \(\times\) \(\dfrac{317}{73}\)
= \(\dfrac{317}{949}\)
b, \(\dfrac{6}{5}\) + \(\dfrac{7}{3}\) + \(\dfrac{8}{9}\)
= \(\dfrac{54}{45}\) + \(\dfrac{105}{45}\) + \(\dfrac{40}{45}\)
= \(\dfrac{199}{45}\)
c, 23 : \(\dfrac{5}{14}\) + \(\dfrac{6}{7}\) + \(\dfrac{4}{9}\)
= \(\dfrac{322}{5}\) + \(\dfrac{6}{7}\) + \(\dfrac{4}{9}\)
= \(\dfrac{20286}{315}\) + \(\dfrac{270}{315}\) + \(\dfrac{140}{315}\)
= \(\dfrac{20696}{315}\)
d, 4\(\dfrac{1}{4}\) + 7\(\dfrac{3}{7}\) - 2\(\dfrac{4}{17}\)
= 4 + \(\dfrac{1}{4}\) + 7 + \(\dfrac{3}{7}\) - 2 - \(\dfrac{4}{17}\)
= (4+7-2) + (\(\dfrac{1}{4}\) + \(\dfrac{3}{7}\) - \(\dfrac{4}{17}\))
= 9 + \(\dfrac{119}{476}\) + \(\dfrac{204}{476}\) - \(\dfrac{112}{476}\)
= 9\(\dfrac{211}{476}\) = \(\dfrac{4495}{476}\)
e, 8 - (9\(\dfrac{2}{11}\) + \(\dfrac{8}{33}\))
= 8 - 9 - \(\dfrac{2}{11}\) - \(\dfrac{8}{33}\)
= -1 - \(\dfrac{2}{11}\) - \(\dfrac{8}{33}\)
= \(\dfrac{-33}{33}\) - \(\dfrac{-6}{33}\) - \(\dfrac{8}{33}\)
= - \(\dfrac{47}{33}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{2}{3}=\dfrac{3}{3}=1\)
\(\dfrac{4}{5}+\dfrac{5}{6}=\dfrac{24}{30}+\dfrac{25}{30}=\dfrac{49}{30}\)
\(\dfrac{4}{5}-\dfrac{3}{5}=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(\dfrac{8}{5}x\dfrac{5}{8}=\dfrac{1}{1}=1\)
\(\dfrac{6}{7}x\dfrac{4}{7}=\dfrac{24}{49}\)
\(\dfrac{4}{5}:\dfrac{4}{5}=\dfrac{4}{5}x\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{1}{1}=1\)
\(\dfrac{5}{5}:\dfrac{5}{5}=\dfrac{5}{5}x\dfrac{5}{5}=\dfrac{1}{1}=1\)
1) \(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{2}{3}=\dfrac{1+2}{3}=\dfrac{3}{3}=1\)
2) \(\dfrac{4}{5}+\dfrac{5}{6}=\dfrac{24}{30}+\dfrac{25}{30}=\dfrac{24+25}{30}=\dfrac{49}{30}\)
3) \(\dfrac{4}{5}-\dfrac{3}{5}=\dfrac{4-3}{5}=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
4) \(\dfrac{9}{8}-\dfrac{4}{2}=\dfrac{9}{8}-2=\dfrac{9}{8}-\dfrac{16}{8}=-\dfrac{7}{8}\)
5) \(\dfrac{8}{5}\times\dfrac{5}{8}=\dfrac{8\times5}{5\times8}=\dfrac{40}{40}=1\)
6) \(\dfrac{6}{7}\times\dfrac{4}{7}=\dfrac{6\times4}{7}=\dfrac{24}{7}\)
7) \(\dfrac{4}{5}:\dfrac{4}{5}=\dfrac{4}{5}\times\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{4\times5}{5\times4}=\dfrac{20}{20}=1\)
8) \(\dfrac{5}{5}:\dfrac{5}{5}=\dfrac{5}{5}\times\dfrac{5}{5}=\dfrac{5\times5}{5\times5}=\dfrac{25}{25}=1\)
\(\dfrac{4}{9}+\dfrac{5}{8}\)=\(\dfrac{32}{72}+\dfrac{45}{72}=\dfrac{77}{72}\)
\(\dfrac{6}{10}+\dfrac{9}{2}=\dfrac{6}{10}+\dfrac{45}{10}=\dfrac{51}{10}\)
\(\dfrac{10}{2}-\dfrac{5}{2}=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{8}{8}x1=\dfrac{8}{8}x\dfrac{1}{1}=\dfrac{8}{8}\)
Lời giải:
1.
$3\frac{1}{4}-2\frac{1}{3}=3+\frac{1}{4}-(2+\frac{1}{3})$
$=3-2+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{3}$
$=1+\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{3}=\frac{5}{4}-\frac{1}{3}=\frac{11}{12}$
2.
$6\frac{5}{9}+2\frac{5}{6}=6+\frac{5}{9}+2+\frac{5}{6}=8+\frac{5}{6}+\frac{5}{9}=8+\frac{25}{18}=8+1+\frac{7}{18}=9+\frac{7}{18}=9\frac{7}{18}$
3.
$6\frac{5}{9}-2\frac{5}{6}=6+\frac{5}{9}-(2+\frac{5}{6})$
$=6+\frac{5}{9}-2-\frac{5}{6}$
$=(6-2)+\frac{5}{9}-\frac{5}{6}$
$=4+\frac{5}{9}-\frac{5}{6}=\frac{41}{9}-\frac{5}{6}=\frac{67}{8}$
2: y \(\times\) \(\dfrac{3}{5}\) = \(\dfrac{9}{10}\)
2:y = \(\dfrac{9}{10}\) : \(\dfrac{3}{5}\)
2: y = \(\dfrac{3}{2}\)
y = 2 : \(\dfrac{3}{2}\)
y = \(\dfrac{4}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{5}{4}\) - \(\dfrac{2}{5}\) : y = 1
\(\dfrac{2}{5}\) : y = \(\dfrac{5}{4}\) - 1
\(\dfrac{2}{5}\): y = \(\dfrac{1}{4}\)
y = \(\dfrac{2}{5}\) : \(\dfrac{1}{4}\)
y = \(\dfrac{8}{5}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{4}\) \(\times\) ( \(\dfrac{7}{2}\) - y) = \(\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{7}{2}\) - y = \(\dfrac{3}{2}\) : \(\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\dfrac{7}{2}\) - y = 2
y = \(\dfrac{7}{2}\) - 2
y = \(\dfrac{3}{2}\)
`(6/11 +5/11) xx 3/7`
`= 11/11xx 3/7`
`=1xx3/7`
`=3/7`
__
`3/5 xx 7/9 - 3/5 xx 2/9`
`= 3/5 xx (7/9-2/9)`
`= 3/5 xx 5/9`
`= 15/45`
`= 1/3`
__
`(6/7 -4/7):2/5`
`= 2/7 : 2/5`
`= 2/7 xx 5/2`
`= 10/14`
`= 5/7`
\(\left(\dfrac{6}{11}+\dfrac{5}{11}\right)\times\dfrac{3}{7}\)
\(=\dfrac{11}{11}\times\dfrac{3}{7}\\ =1\times\dfrac{3}{7}=\dfrac{3}{7}\)
_____
\(\dfrac{3}{5}\times\dfrac{7}{9}-\dfrac{3}{5}\times\dfrac{2}{9}\\ =\dfrac{3}{5}\times\left(\dfrac{7}{9}-\dfrac{2}{9}\right)\\ =\dfrac{3}{5}\times\dfrac{5}{9}\\ =\dfrac{3}{9}\\ =\dfrac{1}{3}\)
_________
\(\left(\dfrac{6}{7}-\dfrac{4}{7}\right):\dfrac{2}{5}\\ =\dfrac{2}{7}\times\dfrac{5}{2}\\ =\dfrac{10}{14}\\ =\dfrac{5}{7}\)
\(4\dfrac{2}{3}+3\dfrac{2}{7}=\dfrac{14}{3}+\dfrac{23}{7}=\dfrac{14x7+23x3}{21}=\dfrac{167}{21}\)
\(8\dfrac{5}{9}:5\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{77}{9}:\dfrac{11}{2}=\dfrac{77}{9}x\dfrac{2}{11}=\dfrac{14}{9}\)
\(6\dfrac{5}{7}:2\dfrac{1}{6}=\dfrac{47}{7}:\dfrac{13}{6}=\dfrac{47}{7}x\dfrac{6}{13}=\dfrac{282}{91}\)
\(1\dfrac{3}{4}x2\dfrac{5}{6}=\dfrac{7}{4}x\dfrac{17}{6}=\dfrac{119}{24}\)
\(5\dfrac{3}{4}-2=\dfrac{23}{4}-2=\dfrac{23}{4}-\dfrac{8}{4}=\dfrac{15}{4}\)
`a)1/7xx2/7+1/7xx5/7+6/7`
`=1/7xx(2/7+5/7)+6/7`
`=1/7xx1+6/7`
`=1/7+6/7=1`
`b)6/11xx4/9+6/11xx7/9-6/11xx2/9`
`=6/11xx(4/9+7/9-2/9)`
`=6/11xx9/9`
`=6/11`
Sorry nãy ghi thiếu.
`c)4/25xx5/8xx25/4xx24`
`=(4xx5xx25xx24)/(25xx8xx4)`
`=(4xx5xx24)/(4xx8)`
`=(5xx24)/8`
`=5xx3=15`
\(\dfrac{2}{5}+\dfrac{4}{9}=\dfrac{18}{45}+\dfrac{20}{45}=\dfrac{18+20}{45}=\dfrac{38}{45}\)
= 38/45 nhé