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xét hiệu \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}-\frac{4}{a+b}=\frac{a+b}{ab}-\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}-\frac{4ab}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\)
vì (a-b)2>=0
mà a,b>0 nên ab>0;a+b>0
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}-\frac{4}{ab}\ge0\)
hay \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{ab}\left(dpcm\right)\)
c) Áp dụng BĐT cô si cho 2 hai số dương \(a;b\) ta có:
\(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\ge4\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
Từ BĐT trên ,ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{b}\) \(\geq\) \(\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\dfrac{a+b}{ab}\) \(\geq\) \(\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a+b)(a+b) \(\geq\) 4ab
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a+b)2 \(\geq\) 4ab
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a2 +2ab+b2\(\geq\) 4ab
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a2+2ab+b2-4ab \(\geq\) 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) a2-2ab+b2 \(\geq\) 0
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a-b)2 \(\geq\) 0 (luôn đúng)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a=b
Từ đó ta chứng minh được BĐT : \(\dfrac{1}{a}\) +\(\dfrac{1}{b}\)\(\geq\) \(\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}=\dfrac{a+b}{ab}=\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\) (1)
\(\dfrac{4}{a+b}=\dfrac{4ab}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\) (2)
ta có:
\(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge\left(a-b\right)^2\) và \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
nên \(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\) (3)
từ (1), (2) và (3) suy ra \(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge\dfrac{4ab}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\) hay \(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\)(đpcm)
1) Sửa lại:Cho x,y,z dương nhé!
\(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=x\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)+y\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)+z\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(=1+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{x}{z}+\frac{y}{x}+1+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{x}+\frac{z}{y}+1=\left(1+1+1\right)+\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{x}{z}+\frac{y}{x}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{x}+\frac{z}{y}\right)\)
\(=3+\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)+\left(\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{y}\right)+\left(\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{z}\right)\)
Vì x,y,z là các số dương ,ta áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-Si:
\(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x}{y}.\frac{y}{x}}=2\)
\(\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{y}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{y}{z}.\frac{z}{y}}=2\)
\(\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{z}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{z}{x}.\frac{x}{z}}=2\)
Do đó \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge3+2+2+2=9\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(x=y=z\)
câu 2) mk chịu
câu 2 đề sai . sửa số 3 thành số 2 . neu sua thanh co 2 thi co the ap dung bdt cosi hoac trebusep
\(A=\dfrac{3}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{4}{c+a-b}+\dfrac{5}{a+b-c}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{c+a-b}+\dfrac{3}{a+b-c}+\dfrac{2}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{2}{a+b-c}+\dfrac{1}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{1}{c+a-b}\)
\(=3\left(\dfrac{1}{c+a-b}+\dfrac{1}{a+b-c}\right)+2\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{1}{a+b-c}\right)+\dfrac{1}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{1}{c+a-b}\)
\(do\) \(a,b,c\) \(là\) \(độ\) \(dài\) \(3\) \(cạnh\) \(\Delta\Rightarrow a,b,c\) \(không\) \(âm\) \(\)
\(và\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b+c-a>0\\c+a-b>0\\a+b-c>0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrowáp\) \(dụng\) \(Am-GM\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\left(\dfrac{1}{c+a-b}+\dfrac{1}{a+b-c}\right)\ge3.\dfrac{4}{c+a-b+a+b-c}\ge\dfrac{12}{2a}\ge\dfrac{6}{a}\\2\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{1}{a+b-c}\right)\ge2.\dfrac{4}{b+c-a+a+b-c}\ge\dfrac{8}{2b}\ge\dfrac{4}{b}\\\dfrac{1}{b+c-a}+\dfrac{1}{c+a-b}\ge\dfrac{4}{b+c-a+c+a-b}\ge\dfrac{4}{2c}\ge\dfrac{2}{c}\\\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{6}{a}+\dfrac{4}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\)
1.
\(2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2c^2a^2-a^4-b^4-c^4>0\\ \Leftrightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4-2a^2b^2-2b^2c^2-2c^2a^2< 0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a^4+b^4+c^4+2a^2b^2-2b^2c^2-2c^2a^2\right)-4a^2b^2< 0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2-c^2\right)^2-4a^2b^2< 0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2-c^2-2ab\right)\left(a^2+b^2-c^2+2ab\right)< 0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[\left(a-b\right)^2-c^2\right]\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c^2\right]< 0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(a-b+c\right)\left(a-b-c\right)\left(a+b-c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)< 0\left(1\right)\)
Vì a,b,c là độ dài 3 cạnh của 1 tg nên \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+c>b\\a-b< c\\a+b>c\\a+b+c>0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b+c>0\\a-b-c< 0\\a+b-c>0\\a+b+c>0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Do đó \(\left(1\right)\) luôn đúng (do 3 dương nhân 1 âm ra âm)
Từ đó ta được đpcm
Ta có: \(a^4+a^3b+ab^3+b^4\)
\(=a^3\left(a+b\right)+b^3\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^3+b^3\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^2\cdot\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\)
Ta có: \(a^2-ab+b^2\)
\(=a^2-2\cdot a\cdot\frac{1}{2}b+\frac{1}{4}b^2+\frac{3}{4}b^2\)
\(=\left(a-\frac{1}{2}b\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}b^2\)
Ta có: \(\left(a-\frac{1}{2}b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\)
\(\frac{3}{4}b^2\ge0\forall b\)
Do đó: \(\left(a-\frac{1}{2}b\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}b^2\ge0\forall a,b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-ab+b^2\ge0\forall a,b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\left(a+b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\)(Vì \(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\))
hay \(a^4+a^3b+ab^3+b^4\ge0\forall a,b\)(đpcm)