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a, \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
b, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3,36}{56}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,06\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,06.22,4=1,344\left(l\right)\)
c, \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{4}{160}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,025}{1}>\dfrac{0,06}{3}\), ta được Fe2O3 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe_2O_3\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2}=0,02\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=0,025-0,02=0,005\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=0,005.160=0,8\left(g\right)\)
a)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{36,5}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,4}{1}>\dfrac{0,5}{2}\) => Fe dư, HCl hết
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
0,5----------->0,25
=> VH2 = 0,25.22,4 = 5,6 (l)
b)\(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{13,92}{232}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe3O4 + 4H2 --to--> 3Fe + 4H2O
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,06}{1}< \dfrac{0,25}{4}\) => Fe3O4 hết, H2 dư
PTHH: Fe3O4 + 4H2 --to--> 3Fe + 4H2O
0,06-->0,24------->0,18-->0,24
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Fe}=0,18.56=10,08\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2O}=0,24.18=4,32\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,25-0,24\right).2=0,02\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a.b.
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2,8}{56}=0,05mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,05 0,1 0,05 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12l\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,1.36,5=3,65g\)
c.
\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Cu+H_2O\)
0,05 0,05 ( mol )
\(m_{Cu}=0,05.64=3,2g\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{36,4}{56}=0,65\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
0,65->1,3----->0,65--->0,65
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a,V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1,3}{0,5}=2,6\left(l\right)\\b,V_{H_2}=0,65.22,4=14,56\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, \(C_{M\left(FeCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,65}{2,6}=0,25M\)
\(a,n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{7,3}{36,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl ---> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
LTL: \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}>\dfrac{0,2}{6}\) => HCl dư
b, Theo pthh: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{3}.0,1=\dfrac{1}{30}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(m_{Al\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,1-\dfrac{1}{30}\right).27=1,8\left(g\right)\)
c, PTHH: Fe3O4 + 4H2 --to--> 3Fe + 4H2O
0,1--------->0,075
=> mFe = 0,075.56 = 4,2 (g)
đổi 200 ml = 0,02 l
a) PTHH : Fe + HCl -> FeCl2 + H2
b) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(=>V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{HCl}=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,02}=5\left(M\right)\)
Đông Hải làm câu 1 rồi thì tui làm phần còn lại
Câu 2:
\(a,PTHH:CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\\ b,n_{CuO}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{8}{80}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ Theo.PTHH:n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=n_{CuO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=n.22,4=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\ c,m_{Cu}=n.M=0,1.64=6,4\left(g\right)\\ d,PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\left(2\right)\\ Theo.PTHH\left(2\right):n_{H_2O}=n_{H_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H_2O}=n.M=0,1.18=1,8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1
\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\\
m_{HCl}=\left(0,2.36,5\right).10\%=0,73g\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\\
LTL:\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{3}\)
=> Fe2O3 dư
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,067\left(mol\right)\\
m_{Fe}=0,067.56=3,73g\)
a.b.\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{10\%}=73g\)
c.\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1mol\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2Fe+3H_2O\)
0,1 > 0,1 ( mol )
0,1 1/15 ( mol )
\(m_{Fe}=\dfrac{1}{15}.56=3,73g\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ a,Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ n_{MgCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=0,2.2=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ b,C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,1}=4\left(M\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11.2}{22.4}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(a.\)
\(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0.5\cdot2=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{1}{2}=0.5\left(M\right)\)
\(b.\)
\(n_X=a\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_Y=2a\left(mol\right),n_Z=a\left(mol\right),n_T=a\left(mol\right)\)
\(M_X=M\left(\text{g/mol}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow M_Y=2.7M\left(\text{g/mol}\right),M_Z=\dfrac{7M}{3}\left(\text{g/mol}\right),M_T=\dfrac{347}{60}M\left(\text{g/mol}\right)\)
\(m_{hh}=aM+2a\cdot2.7M+a\cdot\dfrac{7}{3}M+a\cdot\dfrac{347}{60}M=34.7\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow aM=2.4\)
\(n_{hh}=n_{H_2}=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a+2a+a+a=0.5\)
\(\Rightarrow a=0.1\)
\(M=\dfrac{2.4}{0.1}=24\left(\text{g/mol}\right)\Rightarrow Mg\)
\(Y=2.7\cdot24=65\left(\text{g/mol}\right)\Rightarrow Zn\)
\(Z=\dfrac{7}{3}\cdot24=56\left(\text{g/mol}\right)\Rightarrow Fe\)
\(T=\dfrac{347}{60}\cdot24=137\left(\text{g/mol}\right)\Rightarrow Ba\)
Đáp án B
vì F e + 2 H C l → F e C l 2 + H 2 và H 2 là khí nhẹ hơn không khí nên sẽ có hiện tượng hóa hơi