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Gọi M là trung điểm BC \(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MC}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
Ta có:
\(\overrightarrow{GA}+\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{GC}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{GM}+\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{GM}+\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{GM}+\overrightarrow{MC}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\overrightarrow{GM}+\overrightarrow{MA}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{GM}=\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AM}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{GA}+\overrightarrow{AM}=\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AM}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{AG}=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AM}\)
\(\Rightarrow G\) là trọng tâm tam giác ABC
\(T=\overrightarrow{GA}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AC}\right)+\overrightarrow{GB}.\overrightarrow{CA}+\overrightarrow{GC}.\overrightarrow{AB}\)
\(=\overrightarrow{AB}\left(\overrightarrow{GC}-\overrightarrow{GA}\right)+\overrightarrow{AC}\left(\overrightarrow{GA}-\overrightarrow{GB}\right)\)
\(=\overrightarrow{AB}\left(\overrightarrow{GC}+\overrightarrow{AG}\right)+\overrightarrow{AC}\left(\overrightarrow{GA}+\overrightarrow{BG}\right)\)
\(=\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{AC}.\overrightarrow{BA}\)
\(=0\)
\(\overrightarrow{GA}+\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{GC}=\overrightarrow{0}\Rightarrow\left(\overrightarrow{GA}+\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{GC}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow-2\left(\overrightarrow{GA}.\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{GB}.\overrightarrow{GC}+\overrightarrow{GC}.\overrightarrow{GA}\right)=GA^2+GB^2+GC^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{GA}.\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{GB}.\overrightarrow{GC}+\overrightarrow{GC}.\overrightarrow{GA}=-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{2}{3}m_a^2+\frac{2}{3}m_b^2+\frac{2}{3}m_c^2\right)\)
\(=-\frac{1}{6}\left(AB^2+BC^2+CA^2\right)\)
Hình như đề bài sai dấu?
Do G là trọng tâm ABC \(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{BG}=\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{BC}\)
I đối xứng B qua G \(\Rightarrow\) \(\overrightarrow{BI}=2\overrightarrow{BG}=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BC}=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{3}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{BI}=\dfrac{4}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}=-\dfrac{4}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{CI}=\overrightarrow{CB}+\overrightarrow{BI}=\overrightarrow{CA}+\overrightarrow{AB}-\dfrac{4}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{CI}=-\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}-\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
Ta có:
\(\overrightarrow {GA} + \overrightarrow {GB} + \overrightarrow {GC} + \overrightarrow {GD} = \overrightarrow 0 \Leftrightarrow \left( {\overrightarrow {GI} + \overrightarrow {IA} } \right) + \left( {\overrightarrow {GI} + \overrightarrow {IB} } \right) + \left( {\overrightarrow {GJ} + \overrightarrow {JC} } \right) + \left( {\overrightarrow {GJ} + \overrightarrow {JD} } \right) = \overrightarrow 0 \)
\( \Leftrightarrow 2\overrightarrow {GI} + \left( {\overrightarrow {IA} + \overrightarrow {IB} } \right) + 2\overrightarrow {GJ} + \left( {\overrightarrow {JC} + \overrightarrow {JD} } \right) = \overrightarrow 0 \)
\( \Leftrightarrow 2\overrightarrow {GI} + 2\overrightarrow {GJ} = \overrightarrow 0 \Leftrightarrow 2\left( {\overrightarrow {GI} + \overrightarrow {GJ} } \right) = \overrightarrow 0 \)
\( \Leftrightarrow \overrightarrow {GI} + \overrightarrow {GJ} = \overrightarrow 0 \Rightarrow \)G là trung điểm của đoạn thẳng IJ
Vậy I, G, J thẳng hàng
\(\text{Theo tính chất trọng tâm }:\overrightarrow{GA}+\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{GC}=0\\ \Rightarrow\frac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{GA}+\overrightarrow{GB}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{GA}+\overrightarrow{GC}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{GC}\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\frac{1}{2}\cdot2\overrightarrow{GC'}+\frac{1}{2}\cdot2\overrightarrow{GB'}+\frac{1}{2}\cdot2\overrightarrow{GA'}=0\\ \Rightarrow\overrightarrow{GC'}+\overrightarrow{GB'}+\overrightarrow{GA'}=0\)