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Ta chứng minh được
\(a^4+b^4\ge ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\sum\frac{ab}{ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)+ab}=\sum\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+1}\)
Đặt \(\left(a^2;b^2;c^2\right)=\left(x^3;y^3;z^3\right)\Rightarrow xyz=1\)
Ta lại chứng minh được:
\(x^3+y^3\ge xy\left(x+y\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x+y\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\sum\frac{1}{x^3+y^3+1}\le\sum\frac{xyz}{xy\left(x+y\right)+xyz}=\sum\frac{z}{x+y+z}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Đây là bài thi vào 10 của Thanh Hóa thì phải
Vô lí vì a+b+c=0\(\Rightarrow\frac{5}{a+b+c}\)không có đáp án
\(a+b+c=abc\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=1\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a};\frac{1}{b};\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx=1\)
\(VT=\frac{x^2yz}{1+yz}+\frac{xy^2z}{1+zx}+\frac{xyz^2}{1+xy}=\frac{x^2yz}{xy+yz+yz+zx}+\frac{xy^2z}{xy+zx+yz+zx}+\frac{xyz^2}{xy+yz+xy+zx}\)
\(VT\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{x^2yz}{xy+yz}+\frac{x^2yz}{yz+zx}+\frac{xy^2z}{xy+zx}+\frac{xy^2z}{yz+zx}+\frac{xyz^2}{xy+yz}+\frac{xyz^2}{xy+zx}\right)\)
\(VT\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{x^2y}{x+y}+\frac{xy^2}{x+y}+\frac{y^2z}{y+z}+\frac{yz^2}{y+z}+\frac{x^2z}{x+z}+\frac{xz^2}{x+z}\right)\)
\(VT\le\frac{1}{4}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=\frac{1}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
Ta có: \(ab+bc+ca=abc\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=1\)
Đặt: \(A=\frac{a}{bc\left(a+1\right)}+\frac{b}{ca\left(b+1\right)}+\frac{c}{ab\left(c+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{\frac{1}{b}.\frac{1}{c}}{1+\frac{1}{a}}+\frac{\frac{1}{c}.\frac{1}{a}}{1+\frac{1}{b}}+\frac{\frac{1}{b}.\frac{1}{a}}{1+\frac{1}{c}}\)
Đặt: \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{a}\\y=\frac{1}{b}\\z=\frac{1}{c}\end{cases}}\Rightarrow x+y+z=1\)
\(A=\frac{xy}{z+1}+\frac{yz}{x+1}+\frac{zx}{y+1}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{xy}{z+1}=\frac{xy}{\left(z+x\right)+\left(z+y\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{xy}{x+z}+\frac{xy}{y+z}\right)\)
Chứng minh tương tự ta được:
\(\frac{yz}{x+1}\le\frac{yz}{x+y}+\frac{yz}{x+z}\)
\(\frac{zx}{y+1}\le\frac{zx}{x+y}+\frac{zx}{y+z}\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(\Rightarrow A\le\frac{1}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta cần chứng minh bất đẳng thức phụ: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{4ab}{ab\left(a+b\right)} \)
\(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab\ge0\)
\(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)(luôn đúng)
Xét c+1 = a+b+c+c
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức trên, ta có:
\(\frac{ab}{c+1}\le\frac{ab}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)\)
\(\frac{bc}{a+1}\le\frac{bc}{4}\left(\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\)
\(\frac{ca}{b+1}\le\frac{ca}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)\)
Cộng vế theo vế, ta có:
\(\frac{ab}{c+1}+\frac{bc}{a+1}+\frac{ca}{b+1}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{ab}{b+c}+\frac{ab}{c+a}+\frac{bc}{c+a}+\frac{bc}{a+b}+\frac{ca}{a+b}+\frac{ca}{b+c}\right)\)
\(\frac{ab}{c+1}+\frac{bc}{a+1}+\frac{ca}{b+1}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{ab+ca}{b+c}+\frac{ab+bc}{c+a}+\frac{bc+ca}{a+b}\right)\)
\(\frac{ab}{c+1}+\frac{bc}{a+1}+\frac{ca}{b+1}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{a\left(b+c\right)}{b+c}+\frac{b\left(a+c\right)}{c+a}+\frac{c\left(b+a\right)}{a+b}\right)\)
\(\frac{ab}{c+1}+\frac{bc}{a+1}+\frac{ca}{b+1}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\frac{ab}{c+1}+\frac{bc}{a+1}+\frac{ac}{b+1}\le\frac{1}{4}\)
=> Điều phải chứng minh
ta có với x,y>0 thì \(\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)(*) dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y
áp dụng bđt (*) và do a+b+c=1 nên ta có
\(\frac{ab}{c+1}=\frac{ab}{\left(c+a\right)+\left(c+b\right)}\le\frac{ab}{4}\left(\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{c+b}\right)\)
tương tự ta có \(\frac{bc}{a+1}\le\frac{bc}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right);\frac{ca}{b+1}\le\frac{ca}{4}\left(\frac{1}{b+a}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{c+1}+\frac{bc}{a+1}+\frac{ca}{b+1}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{ab+bc}{c+a}+\frac{ab+ca}{b+c}+\frac{bc+ca}{a+b}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)=\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{c+1}+\frac{bc}{a+1}+\frac{c+a}{b+1}\le\frac{1}{4}\)
dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Đặt vế trái là P và \(\left(\sqrt{a};\sqrt{b};\sqrt{c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow x+y+z=4\)
Ta cần chứng minh: \(P=\frac{1}{xy+2yz+zx}+\frac{1}{xy+yz+2zx}+\frac{1}{2xy+yz+zx}\le\frac{1}{xyz}\)
\(P=\frac{1}{xy+yz+yz+zx}+\frac{1}{xy+yz+zx+zx}+\frac{1}{xy+xy+yz+zx}\)
\(P\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{2}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}+\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{2}{zx}+\frac{2}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)\)
\(P\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}\right)=\frac{1}{4}.\frac{4}{xyz}=\frac{1}{xyz}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{4}{3}\) hay \(a=b=c=\frac{16}{9}\)
\(\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)=>\(a+b\ge\frac{4ab}{a+b}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
=>\(\frac{ab}{c+1}=\frac{ab}{a+c+b+c}\le\frac{ab}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)\)
=>\(\frac{ab}{c+1}+\frac{bc}{a+1}+\frac{ac}{b+1}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{ab}{a+c}+\frac{ab}{b+c}+\frac{bc}{a+b}+\frac{bc}{a+c}+\frac{ac}{a+b}+\frac{ac}{b+c}\right)\)
=\(\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)=\frac{1}{4}\)
dau bang xay ra <=>a=b=c=\(\frac{1}{3}\)