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\(\frac{a-b}{1+ab}+\frac{b-c}{1+bc}+\frac{c-a}{1+ac}\)
\(=\frac{a-b}{1+ab}+\frac{b-a+a-c}{1+bc}+\frac{c-a}{1+ac}\)
\(=\frac{a-b}{1+ab}+\frac{b-a}{1+bc}+\frac{a-c}{1+bc}+\frac{c-a}{1+ac}\)
\(=\frac{b-a}{1+bc}-\frac{b-a}{1+ab}-\frac{c-a}{1+bc}+\frac{c-a}{1+ac}\)
\(=\left(b-a\right)\left(\frac{1}{1+bc}-\frac{1}{1+ab}\right)-\left(c-a\right)\left(\frac{1}{1+bc}-\frac{1}{1+ac}\right)\)
\(=\left(b-a\right)\left(\frac{1+ab-1-bc}{\left(1+ab\right)\left(1+bc\right)}\right)-\left(c-a\right)\left(\frac{1+ac-1-bc}{\left(1+bc\right)\left(1+ac\right)}\right)\)
\(=\left(b-a\right)\frac{b\left(a-c\right)}{\left(1+ab\right)\left(1+bc\right)}-\left(c-a\right)\frac{c\left(a-b\right)}{\left(1+bc\right)\left(1+ac\right)}\)
Quy đồng:
\(=\frac{\left(b-a\right)b\left(a-c\right)\left(1+ac\right)-\left(c-a\right)c\left(a-b\right)\left(1+ab\right)}{\left(1+ab\right)\left(1+bc\right)\left(1+ac\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(b-a\right)b\left(a-c\right)\left(1+ac\right)-\left(a-c\right)c\left(b-a\right)\left(1+ab\right)}{\left(1+ab\right)\left(1+bc\right)\left(1+ac\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(b-a\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b\left(1+ac\right)-c\left(1+ab\right)\right)}{\left(1+ab\right)\left(1+bc\right)\left(1+ac\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(b-a\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b+abc-c-abc\right)}{\left(1+ab\right)\left(1+bc\right)\left(1+ac\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}{\left(1+ab\right)\left(1+bc\right)\left(1+ac\right)}\)là tích của chúng.
ta có a+bc=a(a+b+c)+ab=(a+b)(a+c)
tương tự b+ca=(b+c)(a+b)
c+ab=(a+c)(b+c)
ad bđt cô si cho 3 số dương ta có
a^3/(a+b)(a+c)+a+b/8+a+c/8 >=3a/4
tương tự bạn lm tiếp nhé
Bài này hình như trong sách nào mà t quên ròi, ai nhớ nhắc với
a. ĐK: a, b, c khác 0.
\(\frac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2ab}+\frac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2bc}+\frac{c^2+a^2-b^2}{2ac}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\frac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2ab}-1\right]+\left[\frac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2bc}+\frac{c^2+a^2-b^2}{2ca}\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2-c^2}{2ab}+\frac{1}{2c}\left[\frac{c^2-\left(a^2-b^2\right)}{b}+\frac{c^2+\left(a^2-b^2\right)}{a}\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2-c^2}{2ab}+\frac{1}{2c}\left[\frac{c^2\left(a+b\right)-\left(a^2-b^2\right)\left(a-b\right)}{ab}\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2-c^2}{2ab}+\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(c^2-\left(a-b\right)^2\right)}{2abc}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(a-b\right)^2-c^2\right]\left(1-\frac{a+b}{c}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b-c\right)\left(a-b+c\right)\left(c-a-b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b+c\)hoặc \(b=a+c\)hoặc \(c=a+b\).
b) Không mất tính tổng quả. G/s: a = b + c
Khi đó ta có:
\(\frac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{2ab}=\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2+b^2-c^2}{2\left(b+c\right)b}=1\)
\(\frac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{2bc}=\frac{b^2+c^2-\left(b+c\right)^2}{2bc}=-1\)
\(\frac{c^2+a^2-b^2}{2ca}=\frac{c^2+\left(b+c\right)^2-b^2}{2\left(b+c\right)c}=1\)
=> Điều phải chứng minh.
ta có :
\(\frac{a+b-c}{ab}-\frac{b+c-a}{bc}-\frac{c+a-b}{ca}=0\Leftrightarrow ac+bc-c^2-\left(ab+ac-a^2\right)-\left(bc+ab-b^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2-c^2=0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2-c^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b+c\right)\left(a-b-c\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\frac{a-b+c}{ca}=0\\\frac{b+c-a}{bc}=0\end{cases}}\)
Vậy ta có đpcm
\(\frac{a+b-c}{ab}-\frac{b+c-a}{bc}-\frac{c+a-b}{ca}=0\)
=> \(\frac{ca+cb-c^2-ab-ac+a^2-bc-ab+b^2}{abc}=0\)
=> a2 + b2 - 2ab - c2 = 0
=> (a - b)2 - c2 = 0
<=> (a - b + c)(a - b - c) = 0
<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}a-b+c=0\\a-b-c=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a+c=b\\a=b+c\end{cases}}\)
Khi a + c = b => \(\frac{c+a-b}{ca}=\frac{b-b}{ca}=0\)
Khi a = b + c => \(\frac{b+c-a}{bc}=\frac{a-a}{bc}=0\)
=> đpcm
a) Chứng minh được BĐT \(\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)(*)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b
Áp dụng BĐT (*) vào bài toán ta có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{2x+y+z}=\frac{1}{x+y+x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}\right)\\\frac{1}{x+2y+z}=\frac{1}{x+y+y+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\\\frac{1}{x+y+2z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\frac{1}{4}\cdot2\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT (*) ta có:
\(\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right);\frac{1}{y+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right);\frac{1}{z+x}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\frac{1}{4}\cdot2\cdot\frac{1}{4}\cdot2\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=1\)
\(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(x=y=z=\frac{3}{4}\)
b) áp dụng bđt \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)ta có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{a+b-c}+\frac{1}{b+c-a}\ge\frac{4}{a+b-c+b+c-a}=\frac{4}{2b}=\frac{2}{b}\\\frac{1}{b+c-a}+\frac{1}{a+c-b}\ge\frac{4}{b+c-a+a+c-b}=\frac{4}{2c}=\frac{2}{c}\\\frac{1}{a+b-c}+\frac{1}{a+c-b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b-c+a+c-b}=\frac{4}{2a}=\frac{2}{a}\end{cases}}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT ta có:
\(2VT\ge\frac{2}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{2}{c}=2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=2VP\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge VP\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> a=b=c
a) \(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz\)
\(=x^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+y^3+z^3-3x^2y-3xy^3-3xyz\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-\left(x+y\right)z+z^2\right]-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-xz-yz+z^2\right)-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-xz-yz+z^2-3xy\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-xz-yz\right)\)
Ta có
\(\frac{a-b}{1+ab}=\frac{b-c}{1+bc}=\frac{a-c}{1+ac}\) nên
\(\frac{a-b}{1+ab}+\frac{b-c}{1+bc}+\frac{c-a}{1+ca}=\frac{a-b}{1+ab}+\frac{b-a}{1+bc}+\frac{a-c}{1+bc}+\frac{c-a}{1+ca}\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left[\frac{1}{1+ab}-\frac{1}{1+bc}\right]+\left(c-a\right)\left[\frac{1}{1+ac}-\frac{1}{1+bc}\right]\)
\(=\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(1+bc-1+ab\right)}{\left(1+ab\right)\left(1+bc\right)}+\frac{\left(c-a\right)\left(1+bc-1-ac\right)}{\left(1+ac\right)\left(1+bc\right)}\)
\(=\frac{b\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}{\left(1+ab\right)\left(1+bc\right)}+\frac{c\left(c-a\right)\left(b-a\right)}{\left(1+ac\right)\left(1+bc\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}{\left(1+bc\right)}\left[\frac{b}{1+ab}-\frac{c}{1+ac}\right]\)
\(=\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}{\left(1+ab\right)\left(1+bc\right)\left(1+ac\right)}\left(đpcm\right)\)