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\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{25}{44}\left(kmol\right)\)
PTHH: C + O2 --to--> CO2
\(\dfrac{25}{44}\)<---------------\(\dfrac{25}{44}\)
\(n_C=\dfrac{\dfrac{25}{44}}{85\%}=\dfrac{125}{187}\left(kmol\right)\\ m_{than}=\dfrac{\dfrac{125}{187}.12}{100\%-7\%}=8,625\left(kg\right)\)
Cờ am cam hỏi cảm
Ơ nờ ơn
Rờ ất rất
Nhờ iêu nhiêu huyền nhiều
a)
\(n_P = \dfrac{62}{31} = 2(mol)\\ 4P + 5O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2P_2O_5\\ n_{O_2} = \dfrac{5}{4}n_P = 2,5(mol)\\ V_{O_2} = 2,5.22,4 = 56(lít)\\ V_{không\ khí} = \dfrac{56}{20\%} = 280(lít)\)
b)
\(n_P = \dfrac{31}{31} = 1(mol) ; n_{O_2} = \dfrac{23}{32} = 0,71875(mol)\\ \dfrac{n_P}{4} = 0,25 > \dfrac{n_{O_2}}{5} = 0,14375 \to P\ dư\\ n_{P\ pư} = \dfrac{4}{5}n_{O_2} = 0,575(mol)\\ m_{P\ dư} = 31 - 0,575.31 = 13,175(gam)\\ n_{P_2O_5} = \dfrac{2}{5}n_{O_2} = 0,2875(mol) \Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5} = 0,2875.142=40,825(gam)\)
Lượng than nguyên chất:
n C O 2 = n O 2 = 79,17(mol) → V C O 2 = V O 2 = 1773,4(l)
\(1,2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2MgO\)
\(2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CuO\)
\(S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2Al_2O_3\)
\(C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(2,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(a,n_{O_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=8,8\left(g\right)\)
\(b,n_C=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=13,2\left(g\right)\)
c, Vì\(\frac{0,3}{1}>\frac{0,2}{1}\)nên C phản ửng dư, O2 phản ứng hết, Bài toán tính theo O2
\(n_{O_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=8,8\left(g\right)\)
\(3,PTHH:CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(C_2H_2+\frac{5}{2}O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CO_2+H_2O\)
\(C_2H_6O+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2CO_2+3H_2O\)
\(4,a,PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(n_P=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=38,4\left(g\right)\)
\(b,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(n_C=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=80\left(g\right)\)
\(c,PTHH:4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t}2Al_2O_3\)
\(n_{Al}=2,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=1,875\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=60\left(g\right)\)
\(d,PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(TH_1:\left(đktc\right)n_{H_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,75\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=24\left(g\right)\)
\(TH_2:\left(đkt\right)n_{H_2}=1,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=0,7\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=22,4\left(g\right)\)
\(5,PTHH:S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=0,46875\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{SO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Vì\(0,46875>0,3\left(n_{O_2}>n_{SO_2}\right)\)nên S phản ứng hết, bài toán tính theo S.
\(a,\Rightarrow n_S=n_{SO_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_S=9,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=0,16875\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=5,4\left(g\right)\)
\(6,a,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_C=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_C=18\left(g\right)\)
\(b,PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t}2H_2O\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,75\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{H_2}=1,5\left(g\right)\)
\(c,PTHH:S+O_2\underrightarrow{t}SO_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_S=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_S=48\left(g\right)\)
\(d,PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
\(n_{O_2}=1,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_P=1,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_P=37,2\left(g\right)\)
\(7,n_{O_2}=5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=112\left(l\right)\left(đktc\right)\);\(V_{O_2}=120\left(l\right)\left(đkt\right)\)
\(8,PTHH:C+O_2\underrightarrow{t}CO_2\)
\(m_C=0,96\left(kg\right)\Rightarrow n_C=0,08\left(kmol\right)=80\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=80\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=1792\left(l\right)\)
\(9,n_p=0,2\left(mol\right);n_{O_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t}2P_2O_5\)
Vì\(\frac{0,2}{4}< \frac{0,3}{5}\)nên P hết O2 dư, bài toán tính theo P.
\(a,n_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{O_2}\left(dư\right)=1,6\left(g\right)\)
\(b,n_{P_2O_5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{P_2O_5}=14,2\left(g\right)\)
\(M_A=1,8125.32=58\left(\dfrac{g}{mol}\right)\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_C=58.82,76\%=48\left(g\right)\\m_H=58-48=10\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_C=\dfrac{48}{12}=4\left(mol\right)\\n_H=\dfrac{10}{1}=10\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ CTHH:C_4H_{10}\)
\(n_{C_4H_{10}}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2C4H10 + 13O2 --to--> 8CO2 + 10H2O
0,2 0,8
=> VCO2 = 0,8.22,4 = 17,92 (l)
B1:
\(n_C=\dfrac{96\%.14.1000}{12}=1120\left(mol\right)\\ n_S=\dfrac{2,56\%.14.1000}{32}=11,2\left(mol\right)\\ C+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2\\ S+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)SO_2\\ n_{SO_2}=n_S=11,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{CO_2}=n_C=1120\left(mol\right)\\ V_{CO_2\left(đktc\right)}=1120.22,4=25088\left(l\right)\\ n_{SO_2\left(đktc\right)}=11,2.22,4=250,88\left(l\right)\)
B2:
\(n_{C_2H_6}=\dfrac{1,8.\left(100\%-2\%\right).1000}{22,4}=78,75\left(mol\right)\\ C_2H_6+\dfrac{7}{2}O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CO_2+3H_2O\\ n_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=\dfrac{7}{2}.78,75=275,625\left(mol\right)\\ V_{O_2\left(đktc\right)}=275,625.22,4=6174\left(l\right)=6,174\left(m^3\right)\)
a)a)nMgO=\(\dfrac{32}{40}\)=0,8(mol)
PT:2Mg+O2to→2MgO
⇒nO2=\(\dfrac{0,8}{2}\)=0,4(mol)
⇒VO2=0,4.22,4=8,96(l)
⇒Vkk=8,96:20%=44,8(l)
b)b)nMg=nMgO=0,8(mol)
⇒mMg=24.0,8=19,2(g)
%mMg=\(\dfrac{19,2}{20}\).100%=96%
a) Số mol magie oxit là 32/40=0,8 (mol).
2Mg (0,8 mol) + O2 (0,4 mol) \(\underrightarrow{t^o}\) 2MgO (0,8 mol).
Thể tích không khí đủ dùng để đốt cháy là:
V=0,4.22,4:20%=44,8 (lít).
b) Khối lượng kim loại Mg đã phản ứng là 0,8.24=19,2 (g).
Phần trăm theo khối lượng của Mg trong mẩu kim loại nói trên:
%mMg=19,2/20=96%.
Bạn tham khảo tại đây nhé
https://sites.google.com/site/hoahocquan10/bai-tap/bai-tap-hoa-8/hoa-8-chuong-iv