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Áp dụng quy tắc đường chéo:
\(a.\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{V_{Cl_2}}{V_{O_2}}=\dfrac{15,6}{23,4}=\dfrac{2}{3}\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{Cl_2}=40\%\\\%V_{O_2}=60\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(b.\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{n_{Cl_2}}{n_{O_2}}=\dfrac{2}{3}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{m_{Cl_2}}{m_{O_2}}=\dfrac{71.2}{32.3}=\dfrac{71}{48}\Leftrightarrow48m_{Cl_2}-71m_{O_2}=0\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{Cl_2}+m_{O_2}=5,95\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cl_2}=3,55\left(g\right)\\m_{O_2}=2,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cl_2}+n_{O_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\\\overline{M}=\dfrac{71.n_{Cl_2}+32.n_{O_2}}{n_{Cl_2}+n_{O_2}}=2.29=58\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{O_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,3}.100\%=66,67\%\\\%V_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,3}.100\%=33,33\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Cl_2}=0,2.71=14,2\left(g\right)\\m_{O_2}=0,1.32=3,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_A=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{N_2}=a\left(mol\right),n_{H_2}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b=1\left(1\right)\)
\(m_A=28a+2b=7.2\left(g\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right)\left(2\right):a=0.2,b=0.8\)
\(\%N_2=20\%,\%H_2=80\%\)
\(n_{N_2\left(pư\right)}=a\left(mol\right)\)
\(N_2+3H_2⇌2NH_3\)
\(0.2......0.8\)
\(a.......3a.........2a\)
\(0.2-a.0.8-3a....2a\)
\(M_B=\dfrac{\left(0.2-a\right)\cdot28+\left(0.8-3a\right)\cdot2+2a\cdot17}{0.2-a+0.8-3a+2a}=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=0.1\)
\(\%N_2=12.5\%\)
\(\%H_2=62.5\%\)
\(\%NH_3=25\%\)
\(H\%=\dfrac{0.1}{0.2}\cdot100\%=50\%\)
Coi $n_A = 1(mol)$
Gọi $n_{N_2} = a ; n_{H_2} = b$
$M_A = 3,6.2 = 7,2$
Ta có:
$a + b = 1$
$28a + 2b = 7,2(a + b)$
Suy ra a = 0,2; b = 0,8
Vậy $\%V_{N_2} = \dfrac{0,2}{1}.100\% = 20% ; \%V_{H_2} = 80\%$
Gọi hiệu suất là a
$N_2 + 3H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o,xt} 2NH_3$
Ta thấy : $n_{N_2} : 1 < n_{H_2} : 3$ nên hiệu suất tính theo $N_2$
$n_{N_2\ pư} = 0,2a(mol)$
Theo PTHH :
$n_{H_2\ pư} = 0,6a(mol) ; n_{NH_3} = 0,4a(mol)$
$m_B = m_A = 7,2(gam)$
$\Rightarrow n_B = \dfrac{7,2}{4,5.2} = 0,8$
Khí B gồm :
$N_2 : 0,2 - 0,2a(mol)$
$H_2 : 0,8 - 0,6a(mol)$
$NH_3 : 0,4a(mol)$
Suy ra : 0,2 - 0,2a + 0,8 - 0,6a + 0,4a = 0,8
Suy ra a = 0,5 = 50%
Vậy B gồm :
$N_2 : 0,1(mol)$
$H_2 : 0,5(mol)$
$NH_3 : 0,2(mol)$
$\%V_{N_2} = \dfrac{0,1}{0,8}.100\% = 12,5\%$
$\%V_{H_2} = \dfrac{0,5}{0,8}.100\% = 62,5\%$
$\%V_{NH_3} = 25\%$
Giả sử có 1 mol khí Cl2, 2 mol khí O2
a) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{1}{1+2}.100\%=33,33\%\\\%V_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{1+2}.100\%=66,67\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{1.71}{1.71+2.32}.100\%=52,59\%\\\%m_{O_2}=\dfrac{2.32}{1.71+2.32}.100\%=47,41\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(\overline{M}=\dfrac{1.71+2.32}{1+2}=45\left(g/mol\right)\)
=> \(d_{A/H_2}=\dfrac{45}{2}=22,5\)
c) \(n_A=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
=> mA = 0,3.45 = 13,5 (g)
a)
\(V_{N_2}=\dfrac{17,92.62,5}{100}=11,2\left(l\right)\)
=> \(n_{N_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi số mol O2 là a (mol)
=> nX = 2a (mol)
Có: \(2a+a+0,5=\dfrac{17,92}{22,4}=0,8\)
=> a = 0,1 (mol)
\(\overline{M}_A=\dfrac{0,1.32+0,2.M_X+0,5.28}{0,8}=12,875.2=25,75\left(g/mol\right)\)
=> MX = 17 (g/mol)
=> X là NH3
b) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{N_2}=\dfrac{0,5.28}{0,5.28+0,2.17+0,1.32}.100\%=67,961\%\\\%m_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,1.32}{0,5.28+0,2.17+0,1.32}.100\%=15,54\%\\\%m_{NH_3}=\dfrac{0,2.17}{0,5.28+0,2.17+0,1.32}.100\%=16,505\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\overline{M}_B=\dfrac{0,5.28+0,2.17+0,1.32+0,4}{0,5+0,2+0,1+0,2}=21\left(g/mol\right)\)
Tính tỉ khối của B với gì vậy bn :) ?
Gọi số mol O2, CO2 là a, b
Có: \(\overline{M}=\dfrac{32a+44b}{a+b}=19,5.2=39\)
=> \(a=\dfrac{5}{7}b\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{O_2}=\dfrac{a}{a+b}.100\%=\dfrac{\dfrac{5}{7}b}{\dfrac{5}{7}b+b}.100\%=41,67\%\\\%V_{CO_2}=\dfrac{b}{a+b}.100\%=\dfrac{b}{\dfrac{5}{7}b+b}.100\%=58,33\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{O_2}=\dfrac{32a}{32a+44b}.100\%=34,188\%\\\%m_{CO_2}=\dfrac{44b}{32a+44b}.100\%=65,812\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
thay a = \(\dfrac{5}{7}b\) thôi bn :)
\(\%m_{O_2}=\dfrac{32a}{32a+44b}.100\%=\dfrac{32.\dfrac{5}{7}b}{32.\dfrac{5}{7}b+44b}.100\%=34,188\%\)
a) Gọi số mol H2, N2 trong A là a, b
Có \(\dfrac{2a+28b}{a+b}=9,125.2=18,25\)
=> a = 0,6b
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{H_2}=\dfrac{a}{a+b}.100\%=37,5\%\\\%V_{N_2}=\dfrac{b}{a+b}.100\%=62,5\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(n_A=\dfrac{14,6}{18,25}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
c) \(n_A=\dfrac{6,2}{18,25}=\dfrac{124}{365}\left(mol\right)\)
Gọi số mol H2 cần thêm là x
Có \(\dfrac{2x+6,2}{x+\dfrac{124}{365}}=7,5.2=15\)
=> x = 0,085 (mol)
=> mH2 = 0,085.2 = 0,17(g)
Ta có: \(M_A=8,5.2=17\left(g/mol\right)\)
Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{O_2}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
`=>` \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_A=a+b\left(mol\right)\\m_A=2a+32b\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
`=>` \(M_A=\dfrac{m_A}{n_A}=\dfrac{2a+32a}{a+b}=17\left(g/mol\right)\)
`=>` \(2a+32b=17a+17b\)
`=>` \(15b=15a\)
`=>` \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{15}{15}=\dfrac{1}{1}\Leftrightarrow a=b\)
`=>` \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{H_2}=\%n_{H_2}=\dfrac{a}{a+b}.100\%=\dfrac{a}{a+a}.100\%=50\%\\\%V_{O_2}=100\%-50\%=50\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
`=>` \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{H_2}=\dfrac{2a}{2a+32b}=\dfrac{2a}{2a+32a}.100\%=5,88\%\\\%m_{O_2}=100\%-5,88\%=94,12\%\end{matrix}\right.\)