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2Na+2H2O->2NaOH+H2
x-------------------x---------0,5x
2K+2H2O->2KOH+H2
y-----------------y-----------0,5y
nH2O=2n H2
=>mH2O=\(\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}2.18\)=7,2g
Ta có :\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}23x+39y=11,6\\0,5x+0,5y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>x=0,25 mol, y=0,15 mol
=>m bazo=0,25.40+0,15.56=18,4g
d) m Na=0,25.23=5,75g
=>m K=0,15.39=5,85g
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
gọi nNa :a , nk :b (a,b>0)
=> 23a+39b=11,6(g)
\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)
a \(\dfrac{1}{2}a\)
\(2K+2H_2O\rightarrow2KOH+H_2\)
b \(\dfrac{1}{2}b\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}23a+39b=11,6\\\dfrac{1}{2}a+\dfrac{1}{2}b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> a= 0,25 , b = 0,15(mol)
theo pt nH2O = 0,4+0,4=0,8(mol)
=> mH2O = 0,8.18=14,4(g)
theo pthh : nKOH = 0,15 , nNaOH = 0,25
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{KOH}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\\m_{NaOH}=0,25.40=10\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_K=0,15.39=5,85\left(g\right)\\m_{Na}=0,25.23=5,75\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ 2K+2H_2O\rightarrow2KOH+H_2\\ 2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\\ KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\\ NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\\ n_{HCl}=n_{KOH}+n_{NaOH}=2.n_{H_2}=2.0,15=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl}=0,3.36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\)
a)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,336}{22,4}=0,015\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2Na + 2H2O --> 2NaOH + H2
0,03<------------0,03<----0,015
=> \(\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{0,03.23}{1,31}.100\%=52,67\%\)
=> \(\%m_{Na_2O}=100\%-52,67\%=47,33\%\)
b)
\(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{1,31.47,33\%}{62}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Na2O + H2O --> 2NaOH
0,01----------->0,02
=> nNaOH = 0,03 + 0,02 = 0,05 (mol)
mdd sau pư = 1,31 + 18,72 - 0,015.2 = 20 (g)
=> \(C\%_{dd.NaOH}=\dfrac{0,05.40}{20}.100\%=10\%\)
\(V_{dd.NaOH}=\dfrac{20}{1,2}=\dfrac{50}{3}\left(ml\right)=\dfrac{1}{60}\left(l\right)\)
\(C_{M\left(dd.NaOH\right)}=\dfrac{0,05}{\dfrac{1}{60}}=3M\)
Bài 14:
a) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{12,395}{24,79}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Ca + 2H2O --> Ca(OH)2 + H2
0,5<--------------0,5<----0,5
=> mCa = 0,5.40 = 20 (g)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Ca}=\dfrac{20}{34}.100\%=58,82\%\\\%m_{CaO}=100\%-58,82\%=41,18\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) b phải là khối lượng bazo thu được chứ nhỉ..., sao tính đc m dung dịch
\(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{34-20}{56}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CaO + H2O --> Ca(OH)2
0,25---------->0,25
=> mCa(OH)2 = (0,5 + 0,25).74 = 55,5 (g)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{12,395}{24,79}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(Ca+2H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\)
0,5 0,5 0,5 ( mol )
( \(CaO+H_2O\) không giải phóng \(H_2\) )
\(m_{Ca}=0,5.40=20g\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Ca}=\dfrac{20}{34}.100=58,82\%\\\%m_{CaO}=100\%-58,82\%=41,18\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{34-20}{56}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
\(CaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2\)
0,25 0,25 ( mol )
\(m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=\left(0,5+0,25\right).74=55,5g\)
Bài 1
2Na+2 H2O-->2NaOH+H2
n\(_{H2}=\frac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pthh
n\(_{Na}=\frac{1}{2}n_{H2}=0,075\left(mol\right)\)
%m\(_{Na}=\frac{0,075.23}{8.8}.100\%=19,6\%\)
%m\(_{Zn}=100-19,6=80,4\%\)
Bài 2
K2O+H2O--->2KOH
n\(_{K2O}=\frac{9,4}{94}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pthh
n\(_{KOH}=2n_{K2O}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
V\(_{KOH}=\frac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(l\right)=100ml\)