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Bài 1:
a; \(\dfrac{5}{18}\) + \(\dfrac{8}{19}\) - \(\dfrac{7}{21}\) + (- \(\dfrac{10}{36}\) + \(\dfrac{11}{19}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)) - \(\dfrac{5}{8}\)
= \(\dfrac{5}{18}\) + \(\dfrac{8}{19}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) -\(\dfrac{10}{36}\) + \(\dfrac{11}{19}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) - \(\dfrac{5}{8}\)
= (\(\dfrac{5}{18}\) - \(\dfrac{10}{36}\)) + (\(\dfrac{8}{19}\) + \(\dfrac{11}{19}\)) - (\(\dfrac{1}{3}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)) - \(\dfrac{5}{8}\)
= (\(\dfrac{5}{18}\) - \(\dfrac{5}{18}\)) + \(\dfrac{19}{19}\) - 0 - \(\dfrac{5}{8}\)
= 0 + 1 - \(\dfrac{5}{8}\)
= \(\dfrac{3}{8}\)
b; \(\dfrac{1}{13}\) + (\(\dfrac{-5}{18}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{13}\) + \(\dfrac{12}{17}\)) - (\(\dfrac{12}{17}\) - \(\dfrac{5}{18}\) + \(\dfrac{7}{5}\))
= \(\dfrac{1}{13}\) - \(\dfrac{5}{18}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{13}\) + \(\dfrac{12}{17}\) - \(\dfrac{12}{17}\) + \(\dfrac{5}{18}\) - \(\dfrac{7}{5}\)
= (\(\dfrac{1}{13}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{13}\)) + (\(\dfrac{12}{17}\) - \(\dfrac{12}{17}\)) + (-\(\dfrac{5}{18}\) + \(\dfrac{5}{18}\)) - \(\dfrac{7}{5}\)
= 0 + 0 + 0 - \(\dfrac{7}{5}\)
= - \(\dfrac{7}{5}\)
Bài 1 c;
\(\dfrac{15}{14}\) - (\(\dfrac{17}{23}\) - \(\dfrac{80}{87}\) + \(\dfrac{5}{4}\)) + (\(\dfrac{17}{23}\) - \(\dfrac{15}{14}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{4}\))
= \(\dfrac{15}{14}\) - \(\dfrac{17}{23}\) + \(\dfrac{80}{87}\) - \(\dfrac{5}{4}\) + \(\dfrac{17}{23}\) - \(\dfrac{15}{14}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{4}\)
= (\(\dfrac{15}{14}-\dfrac{15}{14}\)) + (\(-\dfrac{17}{23}+\dfrac{17}{23}\)) - (\(\dfrac{5}{4}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{4}\)) + \(\dfrac{80}{87}\)
= 0 + 0 - 1 + \(\dfrac{80}{87}\)
= - \(\dfrac{7}{87}\)
a, -(-5)-(+7)+(+3)+(-8)
= 5 - 7 + 3 + (-8)
= (-2) + 3 + (-8)
= 1 + (-8)
= -7
b, -(-15)-|-10|+|-9|-|5I
= 15 - 10 + 9 - 5
= 5 + 9 - 5
= 14 - 5
= 9
c, 14-(-13)-(17)+(-12)
= 14 + 13 - 17 + (-12)
= 27 - 17 + (-12)
= 10 + (-12)
= 2
d, -|-14| + |-10| - (-12) + (-8)
= -14 + 10 + 12 + (-8)
= (-4) + 12 + (-8)
= 7 + (-8)
= -1
e, -(-11) + (-15) + (13) - 21
a; (15 - \(\dfrac{121}{18}\)) : \(\dfrac{297}{27}\) - \(\dfrac{17}{8}\) : \(\dfrac{51}{40}\)
(\(\dfrac{270}{18}\) - \(\dfrac{121}{18}\)) : \(\dfrac{297}{27}\) - \(\dfrac{17}{8}\) x \(\dfrac{40}{51}\)
= \(\dfrac{149}{18}\) : \(\dfrac{297}{27}\) - \(\dfrac{5}{3}\)
= \(\dfrac{149}{18}\) x \(\dfrac{27}{297}\) - \(\dfrac{5}{3}\)
= \(\dfrac{149}{198}\) - \(\dfrac{5}{3}\)
= \(\dfrac{149}{198}\) - \(\dfrac{330}{198}\)
= \(\dfrac{-181}{198}\)
b; (- 3,2) x (- \(\dfrac{15}{64}\)) + (0,8 - \(\dfrac{34}{15}\)): \(\dfrac{11}{3}\)
= (\(\dfrac{-16}{5}\)) x ( \(\dfrac{-15}{64}\)) + (\(\dfrac{4}{5}\) - \(\dfrac{34}{15}\)): \(\dfrac{11}{3}\)
= \(\dfrac{3}{4}\) + (\(\dfrac{4}{5}\) - \(\dfrac{34}{15}\)): \(\dfrac{11}{3}\)
= \(\dfrac{3}{4}\) + (\(\dfrac{12}{15}\) - \(\dfrac{34}{15}\)) : \(\dfrac{11}{3}\)
= \(\dfrac{3}{4}\) + \(\dfrac{-22}{15}\) : \(\dfrac{11}{3}\)
= \(\dfrac{3}{4}\) - \(\dfrac{22}{15}\) x \(\dfrac{3}{11}\)
= \(\dfrac{3}{4}\) - \(\dfrac{2}{5}\)
= \(\dfrac{15}{20}\) - \(\dfrac{8}{20}\)
= \(\dfrac{7}{20}\)
Câu 3:
a) \(\dfrac{12}{36}=\dfrac{12:12}{36:12}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{-16}{20}=\dfrac{-16:4}{20:4}=\dfrac{-4}{5}\)
b) \(\dfrac{21}{105}=\dfrac{21:21}{105:21}=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(\dfrac{35}{150}=\dfrac{35:5}{150:5}=\dfrac{7}{30}\)
Câu 4:
a) \(\dfrac{3}{10}+\dfrac{5}{10}=\dfrac{3+5}{10}=\dfrac{8}{10}=\dfrac{4}{5}\)
b) Ta có: \(\left(-27\right)\cdot36+64\cdot\left(-27\right)+23\cdot\left(-100\right)\)
\(=\left(-27\right)\cdot\left(64+36\right)+23\cdot\left(-100\right)\)
\(=-27\cdot100-23\cdot100\)
\(=100\left(-27-23\right)\)
\(=-50\cdot100=-5000\)
c) \(\dfrac{5}{8}+\dfrac{3}{12}=\dfrac{15}{24}+\dfrac{6}{24}=\dfrac{21}{24}=\dfrac{7}{8}\)
d) Ta có: \(\dfrac{-2}{17}+\dfrac{3}{19}+\dfrac{-15}{17}+\dfrac{16}{19}+\dfrac{5}{6}\)
\(=\left(-\dfrac{2}{17}+\dfrac{-15}{17}\right)+\left(\dfrac{3}{19}+\dfrac{16}{19}\right)+\dfrac{5}{6}\)
\(=-1+1+\dfrac{5}{6}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{6}\)
\(a)\)Ta tách thành 2 vế của phép tính ra thành:
\(\left(5+7+9+11+13+15+17\right)+\left(3+8+13+18+23+28\right)\)
Ta gọi dãy \(\left(5+7+9+11+13+15+17\right)\)là \(S_1\)
\(\left(3+8+13+18+23+28\right)\) là dãy \(S_2\)
- Số số hạng của dãy \(S_1\)là:
\(\left(17-5\right)\div2+1=7\)( số hạng )
Tổng của dãy \(S_1\)là:
\(\left(17+5\right)\times7\div2=77\)
- Số số hạng của dãy \(S_2\)là:\(\left(3+8+13+18+23+28\right)\)
\(\left(28-3\right)\div5+1=6\)( số hạng )
Tổng của dãy \(S_2\)là:
\(\left(28+3\right)\times6\div2=93\)
Tổng của dãy \(S_1\)và \(S_2\)là:
\(77+93=170\)
Đáp số: \(170\)
\(b)\)Ta ghép thành 2 vế của phép tính ra thành:
\(\left(4+7+10+13+16+19\right)+\left(5+9+13+17+21+25\right)\)
Ta gọi dãy \(\left(4+7+10+13+16+19\right)\)là \(S_1\)
\(\left(5+9+13+17+21+25\right)\)là \(S_2\)
- Số số hạng của dãy số \(S_1\)là
\(\left(19-4\right)\div3+1=6\)( số hạng )
Tổng của dãy số \(S_1\)là:
\(\left(19+4\right)\times6\div2=69\)
- Số số hạng của dãy \(S_2\)là:\(\left(5+9+13+17+21+25\right)\)
\(\left(25-5\right)\div4+1=6\)( số hạng )
Tổng của dãy số \(S_2\)là:
\(\left(25+5\right)\times6\div2=90\)
Tổng của dãy \(S_1\) và \(S_2\)là:
\(69+90=159\)
Đáp số: \(159\)
a)\(12^3.3^3\)
\(=\left(12.3\right)^3\)
\(=36^3\)
\(=46656\)
b)\(2.8^4\)
\(=2.\left(2^3\right)^3\)
\(=2.2^9\)
\(=2^{10}\)
\(=1024\)