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Bài 11:
Ta có: \(x=\dfrac{-101}{a+7}\) nguyên khi \(-101⋮a+7\)
Vậy: \(a+7\inƯ\left(101\right)\)
\(Ư\left(101\right)=\left\{101;1;-101;-1\right\}\)
\(a+7\in\left\{101;1;-101;-1\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow a\in\left\{94;-108;-6;-8\right\}\)
Vậy x sẽ nguyên khi \(a\in\left\{94;-108l-6;-8\right\}\)
Bài 12:
Ta có: \(t=\dfrac{3x+8}{x-5}=\dfrac{3x+15-7}{x-5}=\dfrac{3\left(x+5\right)-7}{x-5}=3+\dfrac{7}{x-5}\)
t nguyên khi \(\dfrac{7}{x+5}\) nguyên tức là \(x-5\inƯ\left(7\right)\)
\(Ư\left(7\right)=\left\{-7;7;-1;1\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x-5\in\left\{-7;7;-1;1\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{12;-2;4;6\right\}\)
Vậy t sẽ nguyên khi \(x\in\left\{12;-2;4;6\right\}\)
a)
Gọi x là số cần tìm, ta có:
\(x+2>0\left(x>0\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x-4< 0\)
\(\Rightarrow x< 4\)
\(x=\left\{1;2;3\right\}\)
b)
Gọi x là số cần tìm, khi đó:
\(x-2< 0\left(x< 0\right)\)
\(x+4>0\left(\forall x>-4\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\left(-3;-2;-1\right)\)
\(B=\dfrac{x-10}{x-5}\in Z\left(x\ne5\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x-10⋮x-5\)
\(\Rightarrow x-10-\left(x-5\right)⋮x-5\)
\(\Rightarrow x-10-x+5⋮x-5\)
\(\Rightarrow-5⋮x-5\)
\(\Rightarrow x-5\in U\left(5\right)=\left\{-1;1;-5;5\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{4;6;0;10\right\}\)
x=(x-3)/(2a)
=>x2a=x-3
=>x2a-x=-3
=>x(2a-1)=-3
Vì -3;x là số nguyên => 2a-1 cũng là số nguyên=>x;2a-1 thuộc U(-3)={+-1;+-3}
Ta có bảng:
| x | 1 | -1 | 3 | -3 |
| 2a-1 | -3 | 3 | -1 | 1 |
| a | -1 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
| TM | TM | TM | TM |
Vậy........
Bài 1:
a) \(x=\frac{a+1}{a+9}=\frac{a+9-8}{a+9}=\frac{a+9}{a+9}-\frac{8}{a+9}=1-\frac{8}{a+9}\)
Để \(x\in Z\)thì \(a+9\inƯ\left(8\right)=\left\{-8;-4;-2;-1;1;2;4;8\right\}\)
Vậy \(a\in\left\{-17;-13;-11;-10;-8;-7;-5;-1\right\}\)
b) \(x=\frac{a-1}{a+4}=\frac{a+4-5}{a+4}=\frac{a+4}{a+4}-\frac{5}{a+4}=1-\frac{5}{a+4}\)
Để \(x\in Z\)thì \(a+4\inƯ\left(5\right)=\left\{-5;-1;1;5\right\}\)
Vậy \(a\in\left\{-9;-5;-3;1\right\}\)
Bài 2:
a) \(t=\frac{3x-8}{x-5}=\frac{3x-15}{x-5}+\frac{7}{x-5}=\frac{3\left(x-5\right)}{x-5}+\frac{7}{x-5}=3+\frac{7}{x-5}\)
Để \(t\in Z\)thì \(x-5\inƯ\left(7\right)=\left\{-7;-1;1;7\right\}\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{-2;4;6;12\right\}\)
b)\(q=\frac{2x+1}{x-3}=\frac{2x-6}{x-3}+\frac{7}{x-3}=\frac{2\left(x-3\right)}{x-3}+\frac{7}{\left(x-3\right)}=2+\frac{7}{x-3}\)
Để \(q\in Z\)thì \(x-3\inƯ\left(7\right)=\left\{-7;-1;1;7\right\}\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{-4;2;4;10\right\}\)
c)\(p=\frac{3x-2}{x+3}=\frac{3x+9}{x+3}-\frac{11}{x+3}=\frac{3\left(x+3\right)}{x+3}-\frac{11}{x+3}=3-\frac{11}{x+3}\)
Để \(p\in Z\)thì \(x+3\inƯ\left(11\right)=\left\{-11;-1;1;11\right\}\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{-14;-4;-2;8\right\}\)
Bài 3:
Gọi \(d\inƯC\left(2m+9;14m+62\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2m+9\right)⋮d\\\left(14m+62\right)⋮d\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}7\left(2m+9\right)⋮d\\\left(14m+62\right)⋮d\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(14m+63\right)⋮d\\\left(14m+62\right)⋮d\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\left(14m+63\right)-\left(14m+62\right)\right]⋮d\)
\(\Rightarrow1⋮d\)
\(\Rightarrow d=1\)
\(\RightarrowƯC\left(2m+9;14m+62\right)=1\)
Vậy \(x=\frac{2m+9}{14m+62}\)là p/s tối giản
\(a)\)
Để x là số nguyên
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2}{2a+1}\)là số nguyên
\(\Rightarrow2⋮2a+1\Rightarrow2a+1\inƯ\left(2\right)\Rightarrow2a+1\in\left\{\pm1;\pm2\right\}\)
Ta có:
| 2a+1 | -2 | -1 | 1 | 2 |
| a | -3/2 | -1 | 0 | 1/2 |
| So sánh điều điện a | Loại | TM | TM | Loại |
\(b)\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{6\left(x-1\right)}{3\left(x+1\right)}\) thuộc số nguyên
\(=\frac{6x-1}{3x+1}=\frac{6x+2-3}{3x+1}=\frac{6x+2}{3x+1}-\frac{3}{3x+1}=2-\frac{3}{3x+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3⋮3x+1\Rightarrow3x+1\inƯ\left(3\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm3\right\}\)
\(3x+1=1\Leftrightarrow3x=0\Leftrightarrow x=0\left(TM\right)\)
\(3x+1=-1\Leftrightarrow3x=-2\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-2}{3}\)(Loại)
\(3x+1=3\Leftrightarrow3x=2\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{2}{3}\)(Loại)
\(3x+1=-3\Leftrightarrow3x=-4\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-4}{3}\)(Loại)
a) Ta có A = \(\frac{x-10}{x-5}=\frac{x-5-5}{x-5}=1-\frac{5}{x-5}\)
Vì \(1\inℤ\Rightarrow\frac{-5}{x-5}\inℤ\)
=> \(-5⋮x-5\)
=> x - 5 \(\in\)Ư(-5)
=> \(x-5\in\left\{1;5;-1;-5\right\}\)
=> \(x\in\left\{6;11;4;0\right\}\)
Vậy khi \(x\in\left\{6;11;4;0\right\}\)thì A là số hữu tỉ
b) Ta có B = \(\frac{3x-2}{x-5}=\frac{3x-15+13}{x-5}=\frac{3\left(x-5\right)+13}{x-5}=3+\frac{13}{x-5}\)
Vì \(3\inℤ\Rightarrow\frac{13}{x-5}\inℤ\)
=> \(13⋮x-5\)
=> \(x-5\inƯ\left(13\right)\Rightarrow x-5\in\left\{1;13;-1;-13\right\}\)
=> \(x\in\left\{6;18;4;-8\right\}\)
Vậy khi \(x\in\left\{6;18;4;-8\right\}\)thì B là số hữu tỉ
c) Ta có C = \(\frac{x-3}{2x}\)
=> 2C = \(\frac{2x-6}{2x}=1-\frac{6}{2x}=1-\frac{3}{x}\)
Vì \(1\inℤ\Rightarrow\frac{3}{x}\inℤ\Rightarrow3⋮x\Rightarrow x\inƯ\left(3\right)\Rightarrow x\in\left\{1;3;-1;-3\right\}\)
Vậy khi \(x\in\left\{1;3;-1;-3\right\}\)thì C là số hữu tỉ