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2. B. Change the reported speech into direct speech.
(Chuyển câu tường thuật thành câu trực tiếp.)
1. Bình said that he would learn to play basketball.
“________________I will learn to play basketball____________,” Bình said.
2. Nga told me that she loved eating fast food.
“_______________I love eating fast food_____________,” Nga told me.
3. John complained that his sister watched too much TV.
“___________________My sister watch too much TV_________,” John complained.
4. Lan said that she would take the bus home the next afternoon.
“___________I will take the bus home tomorrow afternoon_________________,” Lan said.
5. David explained that he was doing exercise at that moment.
“____________I'm doing exercise at this moment ________________,” David explained.

a. returned, looked
b. studied, compared, stopped
c. bought, chose, won, felt, gave, found, spent, had
d. were, was

1. present simple
2. present continuous
3. present continuous
4. present simple
5. present simple
6. present continuous

a. We use the second conditional to describe an unreal or imaginary situation and its result.
(Chúng ta dùng câu điều kiện loại 2 để mô tả những sự kiện không có thật hoặc tưởng tượng ra và kết quả của chúng.)
If shops didn't exist (imaginary situation), we would buy (result) everything online.
(Nếu các cửa hàng không tồn tại (tình huống tưởng tượng), chúng ta sẽ mua (kết quả) mọi thứ trên mạng.)
We use the (1) past simple in the if clause and we use (2) would + (3) infinite in the main clause.
(Chúng ta sử dụng thì quá khứ đơn trong mệnh đề if và dùng would + nguyên mẫu không to trong mệnh đề chính.)
b. We can put the main clause first. In this case, we don't need the comma.
(Ta có thể để mệnh đề chính lên trước. Trong trường hợp này, ta không cần dấu phẩy.)
I'd buy you a present if I had enough money.
(Tôi sẽ mua cho cậu một món quà nếu tôi có đủ tiền.)
c. We use could to mean would + be able to. It is also the past simple of can.
(Ta dùng could với nghĩa là would + be able to. Nó cũng là thể quá khứ đơn của can.)
If I won the lottery, I could stop work.
(Nếu tôi thắng xổ số, tôi có thể nghỉ việc.)
If she could speak English, she'd get a job in the USA.
(Nếu cô ấy có thể nói tiếng Anh, cô ấy có thể có việc ở Mỹ.)
The world would be much better if money didn’t exist.
If money didn’t exist, how would you buy things?
If you needed something, you would make it.
If you couldn’t make it, you would swap with somebody else.
So if I wanted a new mobile phone, how would I get it?
If money didn’t exist, life wouldn’t be better for poor people.
If nobody had any money, everybody would be equal.

a. a classroom (lớp học), a secondary school (trường trung học cơ sở), an earthquake (trận động đất)
b. the classroom (lớp học), the student (học sinh)
c. the girl in the middle (học sinh nữ ở giữa)
d. a teacher (giáo viên)
e. at school (ở trường)

1. Sửa: “I” => “she”
“I'm in good shape,” Elena said.
(“Tôi đang có vóc dáng khoẻ mạnh,” Elena nói.)
→ Elena said that she was in good shape.
(Elena nói rằng cô ấy đang đang có vóc dáng khoẻ mạnh.)
Giải thích: lùi thì: hiện tại đơn => quá khứ đơn, đổi đại từ nhân xưng “I” => “she”
2. Sửa: “is” => “was”
“My sister is drinking orange juice.” Trúc said.
(“Em gái tôi đang uống nước cam ”. Trúc nói.)
→ Trúc said that her sister was drinking orange juice.
(Trúc nói rằng em gái cô đang uống nước cam.)
Giải thích: lùi thì: hiện tại tiếp diễn => quá khứ tiếp diễn, đổi tính từ sở hữu “My” => “her”
3. Sửa: “tomorrow” => “the following day / the next day”
“I will work very long hours tomorrow.” John decided.
(“Tôi sẽ làm việc nhiều giờ vào ngày mai.” John quyết định.)
→ John decided that he would work very long hours the following day / the next day.
(John quyết định rằng anh ấy sẽ làm việc nhiều giờ vào ngày hôm sau.)
Giải thích: lùi thì: “will” => “would”, đổi trạng từ “tomorrow” => “the following day / the next day”
4. Sửa: “is” => “was”
“I'm planning to change my diet,” Stephen explained.
(“Tôi đang lên kế hoạch thay đổi chế độ ăn uống của mình,” Stephen giải thích.)
→ Stephen explained that he was planning to change his diet.
(Stephen giải thích rằng anh đang lên kế hoạch thay đổi chế độ ăn uống của anh ta.)
Giải thích: lùi thì: hiện tại tiếp diễn => quá khứ tiếp diễn, đổi đại từ nhân xưng “I” => “he”, tính từ sở hữu “my” => “his”
5. Sửa: “need” => “needed”
“You need to see the doctor immediately!” Clark said.
(“Bạn cần đến gặp bác sĩ ngay lập tức!” Clark nói.)
→ Clark said that I needed to see the doctor immediately.
(Clark nói rằng tôi cần đến gặp bác sĩ ngay lập tức.)
Giải thích: lùi thì: hiện tại đơn => quá khứ đơn, đổi đại từ nhân xưng “You” => “I”

Circle the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
31. “I’ll tell you about this tomorrow, Mary.” said Tom.
A. Tom said to Mary that he will tell her about that the next day.
B. Tom told Mary that I would tell you about that the next day.
C. Tom told Mary that he would tell her about that the next day.
D. Tom told Mary that she would tell him about that the next day.
32. “How long have you been in this job?” She asked him.
A. She asked him how long he has been in that job.
B. She asked him how long has he been in that job.
C. She asked him how long he had been in that job.
D. She asked him how long had he been in that job.
33. "What's your job?", said the doctor to Mr. Thomas.
A. The doctor asked Mr. Thomas what his job was.
B. The doctor asked Mr. Thomas what his job is.
C. The doctor asked Mr. Thomas what was his job.
D. The doctor asked Mr. Thomas what is his job.
34. “I don’t like football”, she said.
A. She said she didn’t like football.
B. She said she don’t like football.
C. She said she doesn’t like football.
D. She said I didn’t like football.
35.“I will not leave until I see the manager,” said the customer.
A. The customer decided to leave because he did not see the manager.
B. The customer refused to leave until he saw the manager.
C. The customer said he would leave before he saw the manager.
D. The customer was persuaded to see the manager before leaving.
#Yumi

E. In pairs, make sentences about a past vacation. Change the verbs into the simple past.
(Thực hành theo cặp, hãy viết câu về một kỳ nghỉ trong quá khứ. Thay đổi các động từ dùng thì quá khứ đơn.)
1. Last summer, / my family / go on / vacation. Last summer, my family went on vacation.
2. We / drive / all day. ____We drove all day___________________________________
3. In the evening, / we / arrive / at the campsite. ___________________In the evening, we arrived at the campsite____________________
4. Every day, / I / swim / in a lake / and / walk / in the forest. ________________Every day, I swam in a lake and walked in the forest_______________________
5. One day, / we / take / a tour of an old city. _________________One day, we took a tour of an old city______________________
6. We / be / very happy. ______We were very happy_________________________________
7. It / be / an amazing trip. ______It was an amazing trip_________________________________
a. she must watch it
b. she’d finished watching it
c. I’d found it