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a. We use the second conditional to describe an unreal or imaginary situation and its result.
(Chúng ta dùng câu điều kiện loại 2 để mô tả những sự kiện không có thật hoặc tưởng tượng ra và kết quả của chúng.)
If shops didn't exist (imaginary situation), we would buy (result) everything online.
(Nếu các cửa hàng không tồn tại (tình huống tưởng tượng), chúng ta sẽ mua (kết quả) mọi thứ trên mạng.)
We use the (1) past simple in the if clause and we use (2) would + (3) infinite in the main clause.
(Chúng ta sử dụng thì quá khứ đơn trong mệnh đề if và dùng would + nguyên mẫu không to trong mệnh đề chính.)
b. We can put the main clause first. In this case, we don't need the comma.
(Ta có thể để mệnh đề chính lên trước. Trong trường hợp này, ta không cần dấu phẩy.)
I'd buy you a present if I had enough money.
(Tôi sẽ mua cho cậu một món quà nếu tôi có đủ tiền.)
c. We use could to mean would + be able to. It is also the past simple of can.
(Ta dùng could với nghĩa là would + be able to. Nó cũng là thể quá khứ đơn của can.)
If I won the lottery, I could stop work.
(Nếu tôi thắng xổ số, tôi có thể nghỉ việc.)
If she could speak English, she'd get a job in the USA.
(Nếu cô ấy có thể nói tiếng Anh, cô ấy có thể có việc ở Mỹ.)
The world would be much better if money didn’t exist.
If money didn’t exist, how would you buy things?
If you needed something, you would make it.
If you couldn’t make it, you would swap with somebody else.
So if I wanted a new mobile phone, how would I get it?
If money didn’t exist, life wouldn’t be better for poor people.
If nobody had any money, everybody would be equal.
1. did not (didn't) | 2. did | 3. was/ were | 4. could/ couldn't |
a. We form the negative form of the past simple with (1) did not and the infinitive without to. (Chúng ta hình thành thể phủ định của thì quá khứ đơn với “did not” và động từ nguyên mẫu không to.)
I didn’t go out last night.
b. We form the interrogative form of the past simple with (2) did and the infinitive without to. (Chúng ta hình thành thể nghi vấn của thì quá khứ đơn với “did” và động từ nguyên mẫu không to.)
Did Harry text you? Yes, he did. I No, he didn't.
c. We do not use did/ didn't with the verbs (3) was/ were or (4) could/ couldn’t. (Chúng ta không sử dụng “did/ didn’t” với các động từ “was/were hoặc could/couldn’t.)
Was Joe late for school? Yes, he was.
Could you read when you were three? No, I couldn't.
1. The train to Birmingham stopped at Oxford.
(Chuyến tàu đến Birmingham dừng tại Oxford.)
2. My friends worked very hard for their exams.
(Bạn của tôi đã học hành chăm chỉ cho bài kiểm tra.)
3. We tried some interesting dishes at the Lebanese restaurant.
(Chúng tôi đã thử vài món ngon thú vị tại một nhà hàng Li-băng.)
4. Last night, I planned my summer holiday.
(Tôi lên kế hoạch cho kì nghỉ hè vào tối qua.)
5. You seemed very upset yesterday.
(Hôm qua bạn trông có vẻ rất buồn.)
6. I chatted with my cousin for hours last night.
(Tôi nói chuyện với đứa cháu hàng giờ đồng hồ tối qua.)
7. My uncle married his next-door neighbour.
(Chú tôi đã cưới hàng xóm kế bên.)
8. Theo moved house three times last year.
(Theo chuyển nhà ba lần một năm)
1. arrived
2. closed
3. were sleeping
4. was taking off
5. saw
6. opened
7. read
8. put
9. picked up
10. went
11. was
12. was not raining
13. were walking
14. crossed
15. followed
16. didn’t know
17. were going
18. didn’t want
arrived - closed - were sleeping - was taking off - saw - opened - read - put - picked up - went - was - wasn't raining - were walking - crossed - followed - didn't know - were going - didn't want
a. the toughest
b. the biggest
c. the most powerful; the most difficult
d. the worst
e. one of the biggest tsunamis
f. the most powerful (earthquake ever) in Japan; the (fifth) most powerful in the world
a: the toughest
b: the biggest
c: the most powerful, the most difficult
d: the worst
e: one of the biggest tsunamis
f:. the most powerful (earthquake ever) in Japan; the (fifth) most powerful in the world
E. In pairs, make sentences about a past vacation. Change the verbs into the simple past.
(Thực hành theo cặp, hãy viết câu về một kỳ nghỉ trong quá khứ. Thay đổi các động từ dùng thì quá khứ đơn.)
1. Last summer, / my family / go on / vacation. Last summer, my family went on vacation.
2. We / drive / all day. ____We drove all day___________________________________
3. In the evening, / we / arrive / at the campsite. ___________________In the evening, we arrived at the campsite____________________
4. Every day, / I / swim / in a lake / and / walk / in the forest. ________________Every day, I swam in a lake and walked in the forest_______________________
5. One day, / we / take / a tour of an old city. _________________One day, we took a tour of an old city______________________
6. We / be / very happy. ______We were very happy_________________________________
7. It / be / an amazing trip. ______It was an amazing trip_________________________________
1. are owned
2. were sold
3. are often used
4. is usually answered
5. is accessed
6. are sent
a. returned, looked
b. studied, compared, stopped
c. bought, chose, won, felt, gave, found, spent, had
d. were, was