chứng tỏ rằng
a) A = 1 + 3 + 32 +...+310+311 chia hết cho cả 5 và 8
b) B = 1 + 5 + 52 +...+57 + 58 chia hết cho 31
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\(B=\left(1+5+5^2\right)+...+5^6\left(1+5+5^2\right)=31\left(1+...+5^6\right)⋮31\)
\(B=1+5+5^2+...+5^6+5^7+5^8\)
\(=31+...+5^6\cdot31\)
\(=31\cdot\left(1+...+5^6\right)⋮31\)
1.Chứng tỏ rằng:
a) 1+5+52+53+.......+5101:6
b)2+22+23+......+2106 vừa chia hết cho 31,vừa chia hết cho 5
2.Chứng tỏ rằng:
a)Nếu abc-deg chia hết cho 11 thì abc deg chia hết cho 11
b)Nếu abc chia hết cho 8 thì 4a +2b+c chia hết cho 8
\(\begin{array}{l}a)M = {32^{2023}} - {32^{2021}}\\M = {32^{2021}}\left( {{{32}^2} - 1} \right)\\M = {32^{2021}}.1023\end{array}\)
Vì \(1023 \vdots 31\) nên \(M = \left( {{{32}^{2021}}.1023} \right) \vdots 31\)
Vậy M chia hết cho 31.
\(\begin{array}{l}b)N = {7^6} + {2.7^3} + {8^{2022}} + 1\\N = {\left( {{7^3}} \right)^2} + {2.7^3} + 1 + {8^{2022}}\\N = {\left( {{7^3} + 1} \right)^2} + {8^{2022}}\\N = {\left( {344} \right)^2} + {8^{2022}}\\N = {\left( {8.43} \right)^2} + {8^{2022}}\\N = {8^2}\left( {{{43}^2} + {8^{2020}}} \right)\end{array}\)
Vì \({8^2} \vdots 8\) suy ra \(N = {8^2}\left( {{{43}^2} + {8^{2020}}} \right) \vdots 8\)
Vậy N chia hết cho 8
b, \(B=5+5^2+5^3+5^4+...+5^{11}+5^{12}\)
\(B=\left(5+5^2\right)+\left(5^3+5^4\right)+...+\left(5^{11}+5^{12}\right)\)
\(B=30+5^2\left(5+5^2\right)+...+5^{10}\left(5+5^2\right)\)
\(B=30+5^2\cdot30+...+5^{10}\cdot30\)
\(B=\left(1+5^2+...+5^{10}\right)\cdot30\)\(⋮30\)
+) \(B=\left(5+5^2+5^3\right)+\left(5^4+5^5+5^6\right)+...+\left(5^{10}+5^{11}+5^{12}\right)\)
\(B=5\left(1+5+5^2\right)+5^4\left(1+5+5^2\right)+...+5^{10}\left(1+5+5^2\right)\)
\(B=5\cdot31+5^4\cdot31+...+5^{10}\cdot31\)
\(B=\left(5+5^4+...+5^{10}\right)\cdot31\)\(⋮31\)
\(B=\left(1+5+5^2\right)+\left(5^3+5^4+5^5\right)+\left(5^6+5^7+5^8\right)\\ =31+5^3\left(1+5+5^2\right)+5^6\left(1+5+5^2\right)\\ =31+5^3.31+5^6.31\\ =31.\left(1+5^3+5^6\right)⋮31\)
\(A=\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+\left(3^8+3^9+3^{10}+3^{11}\right)\)
\(A=40+...+3^8.40\)
\(A=40.\left(1+...+3^8\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A⋮40\)
Mà 40 ⋮ 5; 40 ⋮ 8
\(\Rightarrow A⋮5;A⋮8\)
\(B=\left(1+5+5^2\right)+...+\left(5^6+5^7+5^8\right)\)
\(B=31+...+5^6.31\)
\(B=31.\left(1+...+5^6\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B⋮31\)