cho a/b=c/d chứng minh 2*a^10+5*b^10/(a+b)^10 = 2*c^10+5*d^10/(a+b)^10
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Bài 1 :
a, Ta có :
\(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{c}{d}\Leftrightarrow ad< bc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ad+ab< bc+ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(b+d\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+d}\) \(\left(1\right)\)
Mà \(ad< bc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ad+cd< bc+cd\)
\(\Leftrightarrow d\left(a+c\right)< c\left(b+d\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}< \dfrac{c}{d}\) \(\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+d}< \dfrac{c}{d}\rightarrowđpcm\)
b) \(\dfrac{-1}{3}=\dfrac{-16}{48}< \dfrac{-15}{48};\dfrac{-14}{48};\dfrac{-13}{48}< \dfrac{-12}{48}=\dfrac{-1}{4}\)
Ta thấy :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}A=\dfrac{10^{2017}+1}{10^{2016}+1}>1\\B=\dfrac{10^{2018}+1}{10^{2017}+1}>1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Áp dụng tính chất \(\dfrac{a}{b}>1\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+m}{b+m}\) ta có :
\(B=\dfrac{10^{2018}+1}{10^{2017}+1}>\dfrac{10^{2018}+1+9}{10^{2017}+1+9}=\dfrac{10^{2018}+10}{10^{2017}+10}=\dfrac{10\left(10^{2017}+1\right)}{10\left(10^{2016}+1\right)}=\dfrac{10^{2017}+1}{10^{2016}+1}=A\)
\(\Leftrightarrow B>A\)
1) Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\frac{a-b}{c-d}\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{a-b}=\frac{c+d}{c-d}\)
2) Theo tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\frac{a^{10}}{b^{10}}=\frac{c^{10}}{d^{10}}=\frac{a^{10}+b^{10}}{c^{10}+d^{10}}=\frac{a^{10}-b^{10}}{c^{10}-d^{10}}\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^{10}+b^{10}}{a^{10}-b^{10}}=\frac{c^{10}+d^{10}}{c^{10}-d^{10}}\)
abcd = 1 \(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}ab=\frac{1}{cd}\\ac=\frac{1}{bd}\\bc=\frac{1}{ad}\end{cases}}\)
Áp dụng bđt AM-GM ta có:
A = \(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+a\left(b+c\right)+b\left(c+d\right)+d\left(c+a\right)\)\(=\left(a^2+b^2+ab\right)+\left(c^2+d^2+cd\right)+ac+bc+bd+ad\)
\(=\left(a^2+b^2+ab\right)+\left(c^2+d^2+cd\right)+\left(\frac{1}{bd}+bd\right)+\left(\frac{1}{ad}+ad\right)\)
\(\ge3\sqrt{a^2.b^2.ab}+3\sqrt{c^2.d^2.cd}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{bd}.bd}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{ad}.ad}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\ge3ab+3cd+2+2\)\(=\frac{3}{cd}+3cd+4\ge2\sqrt{\frac{3}{cd}.3cd}+4=6+4=10\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c = d = 1