Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử :
a, x4 - 7x3 + 14x2 - 7x + 1 (làm bằng 2 cách)
b, x4 - 8x + 63
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a) ( x 2 – 4x + 1)( x 2 – 2x + 3). b) (3x – y – 1)(x – 7y – 1).
a) \(x^4+8x+63\)
\(=x^4+4x^3+9x^2-4x^3-16x^2-36x+7x^2+28x+63\)
\(=x^2\left(x^2+4x+9\right)-4x\left(x^2+4x+9\right)+7\left(x^2+4x+9\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+4x+9\right)\left(x^2-4x+7\right)\)
c) \(\left(x^2+2x+7\right)+\left(x^2-2x+4\right)\left(x^2+2x+3\right)\left(1\right)\)
Ta có : \(x^3-8=\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+2x+4\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+2x+4=\dfrac{x^3-8}{x-2}\)
\(\left(1\right)\Rightarrow\left[\left(\dfrac{x^3-8}{x-2}+3\right)\right]+\left(x^2-2x+4\right)\left[\left(\dfrac{x^3-8}{x-2}-1\right)\right]\)
\(=\left[\left(\dfrac{x^3-3x-14}{x-2}\right)\right]+\left(x^2-2x+4\right)\left[\left(\dfrac{x^3-2x-5}{x-2}\right)\right]\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x-2}\left[x^3-3x-14+\left(x^2-2x+4\right)\left(x^3-2x-5\right)\right]\)
a) \(\left(x^2-7x+12\right).\left(x^2-15x+56\right)-60\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(x-4\right)\left(x-7\right)\left(x-8\right)-60\)
b) \(x^4+2000x^2+1999x+2000\)
\(=\left(x^2-x+2000\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+x-1\right)^2+1999\left(x^2+x+1\right)+1\)
x⁸ + x⁴ + 1
= x⁸ + 2x⁴ + 1 - x⁴
= (x⁴ + 1)² - x⁴
= (x⁴ + 1)² - (x²)²
= (x⁴ + 1 + x²)(x⁴ + 1 - x²)
= (x⁴ + x² + 1)(x⁴ - x² + 1)
\(a,5x^3y-10x^2y^2\\=5x^2y(x-2y)\\b,x^4-y^4\\=(x^2)^2-(y^2)^2\\=(x^2-y^2)(x^2+y^2)\\=(x-y)(x+y)(x^2+y^2)\)
\(c,(x+5)^2-16\\=(x+5)^2-4^2\\=(x+5-4)(x+5+4)\\=(x+1)(x+9)\\d,7x(y-3)-14(3-y)\\=7x(y-3)+14(y-3)\\=(7x+14)(y-3)\\=7(x+2)(y-3)\\Toru\)
a. $6x^2-11x=x(6x-11)$
b. $x^7+x^5+1=(x^7-x)+(x^5-x^2)+x+x^2+1$
$=x(x^6-1)+x^2(x^3-1)+(x^2+x+1)$
$=x(x^3-1)(x^3+1)+x^2(x^3-1)+(x^2+x+1)$
$=(x^3-1)(x^4+x+x^2)+(x^2+x+1)$
$=(x-1)(x^2+x+1)(x^4+x^2+x)+(x^2+x+1)$
$=(x^2+x+1)[(x-1)(x^4+x^2+x)+1]$
$=(x^2+x+1)(x^5-x^4+x^3-x+1)$
c.
$x^8+x^4+1=(x^4)^2+2.x^4+1-x^4$
$=(x^4+1)^2-(x^2)^2$
$=(x^4+1-x^2)(x^4+1+x^2)$
$=(x^4+1-x^2)(x^4+2x^2+1-x^2)$
$=(x^4-x^2+1)[(x^2+1)^2-x^2]$
$=(x^4-x^2+1)(x^2+1-x)(x^2+1+x)$
d.
$x^3-5x+8-4=x^3-5x+4$
$=x^3-x^2+x^2-x-(4x-4)$
$=x^2(x-1)+x(x-1)-4(x-1)=(x-1)(x^2+x-4)$
e.
$x^5+x^4+1=(x^5-x^2)+(x^4-x)+x^2+x+1$
$=x^2(x^3-1)+x(x^3-1)+x^2+x+1$
$=(x^3-1)(x^2+x)+(x^2+x+1)$
$=(x-1)(x^2+x+1)(x^2+x)+(x^2+x+1)$
$=(x^2+x+1)[(x-1)(x^2+x)+1]$
$=(x^2+x+1)(x^3-x+1)$
a) \(=\left(x+6y\right)\left(x-6y\right)-\left(x-6y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-6y\right)\left(x-6y-1\right)\)
b) \(=x\left(x^2-8x+16\right)\)
\(=x\left(x-4\right)^2\)
c) \(=2\left(x-y\right)^2-18\)
\(=2\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-3^2\right]\)
\(=2\left(x-y+3\right)\left(x-y-3\right)\)
a: \(x^2-36y^2-x+6y\)
\(=\left(x-6y\right)\left(x+6y\right)-\left(x-6y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-6y\right)\left(x+6y-1\right)\)
b: \(x^3-8x^2+16x\)
\(=x\left(x^2-8x+16\right)\)
\(=x\left(x-4\right)^2\)
c: \(2x^2-4xy+2y^2-18\)
\(=2\left(x^2-2xy+y^2-9\right)\)
\(=2\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x-y+3\right)\)
d: \(3x^2-7x-10\)
\(=3x^2+3x-10x-10\)
\(=3x\left(x+1\right)-10\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(3x-10\right)\)
`@` `\text {Ans}`
`\downarrow`
`a)`
Thu gọn:
`P(x)=`\(5x^4 + 3x^2 - 3x^5 + 2x - x^2 - 4 +2x^5\)
`= (-3x^5 + 2x^5) + 5x^4 + (3x^2 - x^2) + 2x - 4`
`= -x^5 + 5x^4 + 2x^2 + 2x - 4`
`Q(x) =`\(x^5 - 4x^4 + 7x - 2 + x^2 - x^3 + 3x^4 - 2x^2\)
`= x^5 + (-4x^4 + 3x^4) - x^3 + (x^2 - 2x^2) + 7x - 2`
`= x^5 - x^4 - x^3 - x^2 + 7x - 2`
`@` Tổng:
`P(x)+Q(x)=`\((-x^5 + 5x^4 + 2x^2 + 2x - 4) + (x^5 - x^4 - x^3 - x^2 + 7x - 2)\)
`= -x^5 + 5x^4 + 2x^2 + 2x - 4 + x^5 - x^4 - x^3 - x^2 + 7x - 2`
`= (-x^5 + x^5) - x^3 + (5x^4 - x^4) + (2x^2 - x^2) + (2x + 7x) + (-4-2)`
`= 4x^4 - x^3 + x^2 + 9x - 6`
`@` Hiệu:
`P(x) - Q(x) =`\((-x^5 + 5x^4 + 2x^2 + 2x - 4) - (x^5 - x^4 - x^3 - x^2 + 7x - 2)\)
`= -x^5 + 5x^4 + 2x^2 + 2x - 4 - x^5 + x^4 + x^3 + x^2 - 7x + 2`
`= (-x^5 - x^5) + (5x^4 + x^4) + x^3 + (2x^2 + x^2) + (2x - 7x) + (-4+2)`
`= -2x^5 + 6x^4 + x^3 + 3x^2 - 5x - 2`
`b)`
`@` Thu gọn:
\(H (x) = ( 3x^5 - 2x^3 + 8x + 9) - ( 3x^5 - x^4 + 1 - x^2 + 7x)\)
`= 3x^5 - 2x^3 + 8x + 9 - 3x^5 + x^4 - 1 + x^2 - 7x`
`= (3x^5 - 3x^5) + x^4 - 2x^3 - x^2 + (8x + 7x) + (9+1)`
`= x^4 - 2x^3 - x^2 + 15x + 10`
\(R( x) = x^4 + 7x^3 - 4 - 4x ( x^2 + 1) + 6x\)
`= x^4 + 7x^3 - 4 - 4x^3 - 4x + 6x`
`= x^4 + (7x^3 - 4x^3) + (-4x + 6x) - 4`
`= x^4 + 3x^3 + 2x - 4`
`@` Tổng:
`H(x)+R(x)=` \((x^4 - 2x^3 - x^2 + 15x + 10)+(x^4 + 3x^3 + 2x - 4)\)
`= x^4 - 2x^3 - x^2 + 15x + 10+x^4 + 3x^3 + 2x - 4`
`= (x^4 + x^4) + (-2x^3 + 3x^3) - x^2 + (15x + 2x) + (10-4)`
`= 2x^4 + x^3 - x^2 + 17x + 6`
`@` Hiệu:
`H(x) - R(x) =`\((x^4 - 2x^3 - x^2 + 15x + 10)-(x^4 + 3x^3 + 2x - 4)\)
`=x^4 - 2x^3 - x^2 + 15x + 10-x^4 - 3x^3 - 2x + 4`
`= (x^4 - x^4) + (-2x^3 - 3x^3) - x^2 + (15x - 2x) + (10+4)`
`= -5x^3 - x^2 + 13x + 14`
`@` `\text {# Kaizuu lv u.}`
Toán lớp 8 làm sao mà làm được