Cho M=\(\dfrac{1}{5}\)+\(\dfrac{2}{5^2}\)+\(\dfrac{3}{5^3}\)+...+\(\dfrac{2014}{5^{2014}}\). So sánh M với \(\dfrac{5}{36}\)
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Bạn thiếu đề rồi phải là trừ hay cộng j j chứ.
Xét:
`A+B=2+1/2+1/3+1/4+......+1/4026+1/3+1/5+1/7+......+1/4025`
`1/2+1/3+1/4+......+1/4026+1/3+1/5+1/7+......+1/4025>0`
`=>A+B>2`
Mà `1 2013/2014<2`
`=>A+B>1 2013/2014`
\(A=\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{2015}}\)
\(\Rightarrow5A=1+\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}\)
\(\Rightarrow5A-A=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{2015}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow4A=1-\dfrac{1}{5^{2015}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5^{2015}.4}< \dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{5^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}+\dfrac{1}{5^{2015}}\)
\(\Rightarrow5A=5\left(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{5^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}+\dfrac{1}{5^{2015}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow5A=1+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{2013}}+\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}\)
\(\Rightarrow5A-A=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{2013}}+\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{5^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}+\dfrac{1}{5^{2015}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow4A=1-\dfrac{1}{5^{2015}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{5^{2015}.4}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{4}\)
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\(B=\dfrac{2016}{1}+\dfrac{2015}{2}+\dfrac{2014}{3}+...+\dfrac{3}{2014}+\dfrac{2}{2015}+\dfrac{1}{2016}\)
\(B=2016+\dfrac{2015}{2}+\dfrac{2014}{3}+....+\dfrac{3}{2014}+\dfrac{2}{2015}+\dfrac{1}{2016}\)
\(B=1+\left(\dfrac{2015}{2}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{2014}{3}+1\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{3}{2014}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{2}{2015}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{2016}+1\right)\)
\(B=\dfrac{2017}{2017}+\dfrac{2017}{2}+\dfrac{2017}{3}+....+\dfrac{2017}{2014}+\dfrac{2017}{2015}+\dfrac{2017}{2016}\)
\(B=2017\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2014}+\dfrac{1}{2015}+\dfrac{1}{2016}+\dfrac{1}{2017}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{B}{A}=\dfrac{2017\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2014}+\dfrac{1}{2015}+\dfrac{1}{2016}+\dfrac{1}{2017}\right)}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+....+\dfrac{1}{2014}+\dfrac{1}{2015}+\dfrac{1}{2016}+\dfrac{1}{2017}}=2017\)
\(\dfrac{B}{A}=\dfrac{\dfrac{2016}{1}+\dfrac{2015}{2}+\dfrac{2014}{3}+...+\dfrac{3}{2014}+\dfrac{2}{2015}+\dfrac{1}{2016}}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{2016}+\dfrac{1}{2017}}\)
\(=\dfrac{1+\left(\dfrac{2015}{2}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{2014}{3}+1\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{2}{2015}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{2016}+1\right)}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{2016}+\dfrac{1}{2017}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{2017}{2017}+\left(\dfrac{2015}{2}+\dfrac{2}{2}\right)+\left(\dfrac{2014}{3}+\dfrac{3}{3}\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2016}+\dfrac{2016}{2016}\right)}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2016}+\dfrac{1}{2017}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2017\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2016}+\dfrac{1}{2017}\right)}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{2016}+\dfrac{1}{2017}}\)
\(=2017\)
Vậy \(\dfrac{B}{A}=2017\)
câu 2 rút gọn A và tìm các giá trị nguyên của x để A nhận giá trị âm
1) So sánh:
N = \(\dfrac{5+\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{5}+1}-\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)}{\sqrt{5}+1}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{5}-\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)=1\)
M = \(\sqrt{18}-\sqrt{8}\)
\(=3\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{2}\)
\(=\sqrt{2}\)
Ta có: \(1=\sqrt{1}\)
Mà 1 < 2
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{1}< \sqrt{2}\)
Hay 1 \(< \sqrt{2}\)
Vậy N < M
A=\(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{5^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}\)
5A=\(\dfrac{5}{5}+\dfrac{5}{5^2}+\dfrac{5}{5^3}+...+\dfrac{5}{5^{2014}}\)
5A=\(1+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{2013}}\)
5A-A=\(\left(1+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{2013}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{5^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}\right)\)4A=\(1-\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}\)
4A=\(\dfrac{5^{2014}-1}{5^{2014}}\)
A=\(\dfrac{5^{2014}-1}{5^{2014}}:4\)
A=\(\dfrac{5^{2014}-1}{5^{2014}}.\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)A<\(\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Ta có:
A = \(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{5^3}+....+\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) 5A = 5\(\left(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{5^3}+....+\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\) 5A = \(\dfrac{5}{5}+\dfrac{5}{5^2}+\dfrac{5}{5^3}+....+\dfrac{5}{5^{2014}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) 5A = \(1+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+....+\dfrac{1}{5^{2013}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left(1+\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+....+\dfrac{1}{5^{2013}}\right)\)-\(\left(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5^2}+\dfrac{1}{5^3}+....+\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}\right)\) = 5A - A
\(\Rightarrow\)4A= 1 - \(\dfrac{1}{5^{2014}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) A =\(\dfrac{5^{2014}-1}{5^{2014}}\) : 4
Vậy A =\(\dfrac{5^{2014}-1}{5^{2014}}\) : 4
Bài 3 :
\(\dfrac{1}{2!}+\dfrac{1}{3!}+\dfrac{1}{4!}+...+\dfrac{1}{2023!}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2!}=\dfrac{1}{2.1}=1-\dfrac{1}{2}< 1\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3!}=\dfrac{1}{3.2.1}=1-\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}< 1\)
\(\dfrac{1}{4!}=\dfrac{1}{4.3.2.1}< \dfrac{1}{3!}< \dfrac{1}{2!}< 1\)
.....
\(\)\(\dfrac{1}{2023!}=\dfrac{1}{2023.2022....2.1}< \dfrac{1}{2022!}< ...< \dfrac{1}{2!}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2!}+\dfrac{1}{3!}+\dfrac{1}{4!}+...+\dfrac{1}{2023!}< 1\)
Lời giải:
$M=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{5^2}+\frac{3}{5^3}+...+\frac{2014}{5^{2014}}$
$5M=1+\frac{2}{5}+\frac{3}{5^2}+...+\frac{2014}{5^{2013}}$
$\Rightarrow 4M=5M-M=1+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+...+\frac{1}{5^{2013}}-\frac{2014}{5^{2014}}$
$4M+\frac{2014}{5^{2014}}=1+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+...+\frac{1}{5^{2013}}$
$5(4M+\frac{2014}{5^{2014}})=5+1+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+...+\frac{1}{5^{2012}}$
$\Rightarrow 4(4M+\frac{2014}{5^{2014}})=5-\frac{1}{5^{2013}}$
$M=\frac{5}{16}-\frac{1}{16.5^{2013}-\frac{2014}{4.5^{2014}}$