Cho 22,4 g Fe + 18,5 g HCL
a, Chất nào dư tình khối lượng chất dư
b, Tính VH2 đktc
c, Tính khối lượn muối FeCl2 thu được
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PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
a, Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{3,65}{36,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\), ta được Fe dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{Fe\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=0,1-0,05=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=0,05.56=2,8\left(g\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=\dfrac{3,65}{36,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\) \(\Rightarrow\) HCl phản ứng hết, Fe còn dư
\(\Rightarrow n_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=0,1-0,05=0,05\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=0,05\cdot56=2,8\left(g\right)\)
b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,05mol\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,05\cdot22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{10.8}{27}=0.4\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{22.4}{98}=\dfrac{8}{35}\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(2............3\)
\(0.4..........\dfrac{8}{35}\)
\(LTL:\dfrac{0.4}{2}>\dfrac{\dfrac{8}{35}}{3}\Rightarrow Aldư\)
\(m_{Al\left(dư\right)}=\left(0.4-\dfrac{8}{35}\cdot\dfrac{2}{3}\right)\cdot27=6.68\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{8}{35\cdot3}\cdot342=26.05\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=\dfrac{8}{35}\cdot22.4=5.12\left(l\right)\)
\(a)n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1mol\\
n_{HCl}=0,5.1=0,5mol\\
Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\
\Rightarrow\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\Rightarrow HCl.dư\\
Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
\(m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,5-0,2\right).36,5=10,95g\\ b)m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7g\\ c)V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\\ d)C_{\%HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{10,95}{200}\cdot100=5,475\%\\ C_{\%HCl\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{200}\cdot100=3,65\%\)
a) n Fe = 5,6/56 = 0,1(mol) ; n HCl = 10,95/36,5 = 0,3(mol)
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
Ta thấy :
n Fe / 1 = 0,1 < n HCl / 2 = 0,3/2 = 0,15 nên HCl dư
Theo PTHH : n HCl pư = 2n Fe = 0,2(mol)
Suy ra: m HCl dư = 10,95 - 0,2.36,5 = 3,65(gam)
b)
Theo PTHH : n FeCl2 = n H2 = n Fe = 0,1(mol)
m FeCl2 = 0,1.127 = 12,7 (gam)
m H2 = 0,1.2 = 0,2(gam)
c)
$CuO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Cu + H_2O$
n Cu = n H2 = 0,1(mol)
m Cu = 0,1.64 = 6,4(gam)
Fe+2HCl->Fecl2+H2
0,1----0,2----0,1---0,1
n Fe=0,1 mol
n HCl=0,3 mol
=>HCl dư
=>m FeCl2=0,1.127=12,7g
=>VH2=0,1.22,4=2,24l
=>m HCl dư=0,1.36,5=3,65g
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1mol\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{10,95}{36,5}=0,3mol\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 < 0,3 ( mol )
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1 ( mol )
\(m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7g\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\)
\(m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,3-0,2\right).36,5=3,65g\)
a, Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,5.1=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\), ta được HCl dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,5-0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,3.36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
d, \(m_{HCl}=0,5.36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{200}.100\%=9,125\%\)
\(a.n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1mol\\ n_{HCl}=0,5.1=0,5mol\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\Rightarrow HCl.dư\\ n_{HCl}=2n_{Fe}=0,2mol\\ m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,5-0,2\right).36,5=10,95\%\\ b)n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,1mol\\ m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.12,7g\\ c)V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\\ d)C_{\%HCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{200}\cdot100=3,65\%\)
Bài 2:
\(a.n_{Zn}=\dfrac{26}{65}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,4}{1}>\dfrac{0,4}{2}\\ \rightarrow Zndư\\ \rightarrow n_{Zn\left(p.ứ\right)}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
b. Sau phản ứng vì Zn dư nên không có phân tử chất nào còn dư.
Bài 1:
\(a.n_{Mg}=\dfrac{7,2}{24}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{29,2}{36,5}=0,8\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,3}{1}< \dfrac{0,8}{2}\\ \rightarrow HCldư\\ n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\ n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,8-0,3.2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)
Fe+2HCl->Fecl2+H2
1--------0,2-----0,1----0,1
n Fe=\(\dfrac{5,6}{56}\)=0,1 mol
n HCl=\(\dfrac{36,5}{36,5}\)=1 mol
=>HCl dư :0,8mol
=>m HCl=0,8.36,5=29,2g
=>m FeCl2=0,1.127=12,7g
=>VH2=0,1.22,4=2,24l
a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\); \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{36,5}{36,5}=1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{1}{2}\) => Fe hết, HCl dư
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
0,1->0,2----->0,1--->0,1
=> \(m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\left(1-0,2\right).36,5=29,2\left(g\right)\)
b) \(m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7\left(g\right)\)
c) \(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
Số xấu quá em xem lại đề nha
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{18,5}{36,5}=\dfrac{37}{73}\left(mol\right)\)
Lập bảng: \(\dfrac{0,4}{1}>\dfrac{\dfrac{37}{73}}{2}\)
⇒ sau pư HCl hết, Fe dư
⇒ theo \(n_{HCl}\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{Fe\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=\dfrac{\dfrac{37}{73}}{2}=\dfrac{37}{146}\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(n_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=0,4-\dfrac{37}{146}=\dfrac{107}{730}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe\left(dư\right)}=n.M=\dfrac{107}{730}.56=\dfrac{2996}{365}\left(g\right)\)
b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=\dfrac{\dfrac{37}{73}}{2}=\dfrac{37}{146}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=n.22,4=\dfrac{37}{146}.22,4=\dfrac{2072}{365}\left(l\right)\)
c) Theo PTHH: \(n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{37}{146}\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{FeCl_2}=n.M=\dfrac{37}{146}.127=\dfrac{4699}{146}\left(g\right)\)