cho 14.3g tinh thể Na2CO3.10H2O vào 200g dd HCl 5% . tính nồng độ % các chất trong dd thu dc.
nhanh giúp với
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
nHCl=(200.14,6%)/100=0,8(mol)
nBa(OH)2=(17,1%.200)/100=0,2(mol)
PTHH: Ba(OH)2 +2 HCl -> BaCl2 + 2 H2O
Ta có: 0,8/2 > 0,2/1
=> HCl dư, Ba(OH)2 hết=> Tính theo nHCl
=> nBaCl2=nBa(OH)2=0,2(mol) => mBaCl2= 208.0,2= 41,6(g)
nHCl(dư)=0,8 - 0,2.2=0,4(mol) => mHCl(dư)=0,4.36,5=14,6(g)
mddsau= 200+200=400(g)
C%ddBaCl2=(41,6/400).100=10,4%
C%ddHCl(dư)= (14,6/400).100=3,65%
Chúc em học tốt!
sai r bạn ơi tại sao nHCl=(200.14,6%)/100=0,8(mol) phải là 29.2 chứ
\(m_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{5.72}{286}\cdot106=2.12\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Na_2CO_3\left(10\%\right)}=200\cdot10\%=20\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd}=5.72+200=205.72\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{2.12+20}{205.72}\cdot100\%=10.75\%\)
\(n_{Na_2CO_3}=n_{Na_2CO_3.10H_2O}=\dfrac{5,72}{286}=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Na_2CO_3}=0,02.106=2,12\left(g\right)\\ m_{Na_2CO_3\text{ trong dd 10%}}=\dfrac{200.10}{100}=20\left(g\right)\\ m_{dd\text{ mới}}=5,72+200=205,72\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{dd\text{ mới}}=\dfrac{20+2,12}{205,72}.100\%=10,75\%\)
Ta co
mdd=mct + mdm=14,3 + 35,7 = 50 g
Nong do % cua dd la
C% =\(\dfrac{mct}{mdd}.100\%=\dfrac{14,3}{50}.100\%=28,6\%\)
mdd= mdm + mct = 14,3+35,7= 50(g)
C%= mct÷mdd×100% = 14,3÷50×100%=28,6%
a,\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,05 0,1 0,05 0,05
PTHH: MgO + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2O
Mol: 0,1 0,2 0,1
⇒ mMg = 0,05.24 = 1,2 (g)
mMgO = 5,2 - 1,2 = 4 (g)
b,\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{4}{40}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ nHCl đã dùng = 0,1+0,2 = 0,3 (mol)
\(C_{M_{ddHCl}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,5}=0,6\left(l\right)\)
c,\(C_{M_{MgCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,05+0,1}{0,6}=0,25M\)
Gọi nNa2CO3 = x (mol)
Na2CO3 + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) 2NaCl + H2O + CO2
x \(\rightarrow\) 2x \(\rightarrow\) 2 x (mol)
C%(NaCl) = \(\frac{2.58,5x}{200+120}\) . 100% = 20%
=> x =0,547 (mol)
mNa2CO3 = 0,547 . 106 = 57,982 (g)
mHCl = 2 . 0,547 . 36,5 =39,931 (g)
C%(Na2CO3) =\(\frac{57,892}{200}\) . 100% = 28,946%
C%(HCl) = \(\frac{39,931}{120}\) . 100% = 33,28%
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200.5\%}{100\%.40}=0,25(mol)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{36,5.20\%}{100\%.36,5}=0,2(mol)\\ a,NaOH+HCl\to NaCl+H_2O\)
Vì \(\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{1}>\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{1}\) nên \(NaOH\) dư
\(b,n_{NaOH(dư)}=0,25-0,2=0,05(mol);n_{NaCl}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{\text{dd sau p/ứ}}=0,2.58,5+0,05.40=13,7(g)\\ c,m_{NaCl}=0,2.58,5=11,7(g)\\ d,n_{H_2}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,05.40}{36,5+200-0,2.2}.100\%=0,85\%\\ C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{11,7}{36,5+200-0,2.2}.100\%=4,96\% \end{cases}\)
Gọi : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2O_3}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Zn}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)⇒ 102a + 65b = 2,505(1)
\(Al_2O_3 + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2O\\ Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\)
Muối gồm : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}AlCl_3:2a\left(mol\right)\\ZnCl_2:b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)⇒ 133,5.2a + 136b = 6,045(2)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra : a = 0,015 ; b = 0,015
Vậy :
\(\%m_{Al_2O_3} = \dfrac{0,015.102}{2,505}.100\% = 61,08\%\\ \%m_{Zn} = 100\% - 61,08\% = 38,92\%\)
Theo PTHH : \(n_{HCl} = 6a + 2b = 0,12(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,12.36,5}{200}.100\% = 2,19\%\)
\(n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{200.0,159}{106}=0,3mol\\ n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{200.0,208}{208}=0,2mol\\ a.Na_2CO_3+BaCl_2->2NaCl+BaCO_3\\ n_{Na_2CO_3}:1>n_{BaCl_2}:1\\ m_B=197.0,2=39,4g\\ Na_2CO_3+2HCl->2NaCl+H_2O+CO_2\\ V=\dfrac{2.0,1}{1}=0,2\left(L\right)=200\left(mL\right)\\ b.m_A=200+200-39,4=360,6g\\ C\%_{Na_2CO_3du}=\dfrac{106.0,1}{360,6}.100\%=2,94\%\\ C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{58,5.0,4}{360,6}.100\%=6,49\%\)
a)
\(Na_2CO_3+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaCO_3+2NaCl\)
0,2 <---------- 0,2 ------> 0,2 -----> 0,4
\(n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{200.15,9\%}{100\%}:106=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{200.20,8\%}{100\%}:208=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Do \(\dfrac{0,3}{1}>\dfrac{0,2}{1}\) nên \(Na_2CO_3\) dư sau phản ứng.
Dung dịch A: \(n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,3-0,2=0,1\left(mol\right);n_{NaCl}:0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Kết tủa B: \(BaCO_3\)
\(m_B=m_{BaCO_3}=0,2.197=39,4\left(g\right)\)
Dung dịch A td với HCl:
\(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+H_2O+CO_2\)
0,1 ---------> 0,2
\(V=V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{1}=0,2\left(l\right)\)
b)
\(m_{dd}=m_{dd.Na_2CO_3}+m_{dd.BaCl_2}-m_{BaCO_3}=200+200-39,4=360,6\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{0,1.106.100\%}{360,6}=2,94\%\)
\(C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0,4.58,5.100\%}{360,6}=6,49\%\)
Sửa đề cho dễ làm: "200g dd HCl 3,65%"
Ta có: \(n_{Na_2CO_3.10H_2O}=\dfrac{14,3}{106+10\cdot18}=0,05\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=\dfrac{200\cdot3,65\%}{36,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,05}{1}< \dfrac{0,2}{2}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Na2CO3 p/ứ hết, HCl còn dư
\(\Rightarrow n_{NaCl}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaCl}=0,1\cdot58,5=5,85\left(g\right)\\m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,1\cdot36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(n_{CO_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{CO_2}=0,05\cdot44=2,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{Na_2CO_3.10H_2O}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{CO_2}=212,1\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{5,85}{212,1}\cdot100\%\approx2,76\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{3,65}{212,1}\cdot100\%\approx1,72\%\end{matrix}\right.\)