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\(a.HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
PỨ trung hoà
\(b,n_{NaOH}=0,1.1=0,1mol\\ n_{NaCl}=n_{NaOH}=n_{HCl}0,1mol\\ m=m_{HCl}=0,1.36,5=3,65g\\ c,m_{NaCl}=0,1.58,5=5,85g\\ d,n_{HCl}=\dfrac{73.10}{100.36,5}=0,2mol\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,2}{1}\Rightarrow HCl.dư\\ n_{HCl,pứ}=n_{NaOH}=0,1mol\\ m_{HCl,dư}=\left(0,2-0,1\right).36,5=3,65g\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{8}{80}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O|\)
1 2 1 1
0,1 0,2 0,1
b) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,1.2}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{7,3.100}{200}=3,65\)0/0
c) \(n_{CuCl2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{CuCl2}=0,1.135=13,5\left(g\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
a) \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 2HCl + CaCO3 → CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
Mol: 0,4 0,2 0,2
b) \(C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5.100\%}{100}=14,6\%\)
c) \(m_{CaCl_2}=0,2.101=20,2\left(g\right)\)
Gọi nNa2CO3 = x (mol)
Na2CO3 + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) 2NaCl + H2O + CO2
x \(\rightarrow\) 2x \(\rightarrow\) 2 x (mol)
C%(NaCl) = \(\frac{2.58,5x}{200+120}\) . 100% = 20%
=> x =0,547 (mol)
mNa2CO3 = 0,547 . 106 = 57,982 (g)
mHCl = 2 . 0,547 . 36,5 =39,931 (g)
C%(Na2CO3) =\(\frac{57,892}{200}\) . 100% = 28,946%
C%(HCl) = \(\frac{39,931}{120}\) . 100% = 33,28%
a. Ta có: \(n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{23,2}{232}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Ta lại có: \(C_{\%_{HCl}}=\dfrac{m_{ct_{HCl}}}{100}.100\%=7,3\%\)
=> mHCl = 7,3(g)
=> \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{7,3}{36,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
Fe3O4 + 8HCl ---> FeCl2 + 2FeCl3 + 4H2O
1 ---> 8
0,1 ---> 0,2
=> \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}>\dfrac{0,2}{8}\)
Vậy Fe3O4 dư
=> mdư = 23,2 - 7,3 = 15,9 (g)
b. Theo PT: \(n_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{8}.n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{8}.0,2=0,025\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{FeCl_2}=0,025.127=3,175\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{1}{4}.n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{4}.0,2=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{FeCl_3}=0,05.162,5=8,125\left(g\right)\)
=> \(m_{muối}=8,125+3,175=11,3\left(g\right)\)
c. Ta có: mdung dịch sau PỨ = \(23,2+100=123,2\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{HCl}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2O}=0,1.18=1,8\left(g\right)\)
mcác chất sau PỨ = 1,8 + 11,3 = 13,1(g)
=> \(C_{\%_{sauPỨ}}=\dfrac{13,1}{123,2}.100\%=10,63\%\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{32}{80}=0,4(mol)\\ CuO+2HCl\to CuCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{HCl}=0,8(mol);n_{CuCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,4(mol)\\ a,m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,8.36,5}{20\%}=146(g)\\ b,m_{CuCl_2}=0,4.135=54(g)\\ c,C\%_{CuCl_2}=\dfrac{54}{32+146-0,4.2}.100\%=30,47\%\)
\(CuO + 2HCl \rightarrow CuCl_2 + H_2O\)
\(n_{CuO}= \dfrac{32}{80}= 0,4 mol\)
Theo PTHH:
\(n_{HCl}= 2n_{CuO}= 0,8 mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}= 0,8 . 36,5=29,2 g\)
\(\rightarrow m_{dd HCl}= \dfrac{29,2 . 100%}{20%}= 146 g\)
b) Muối tạo thành là CuCl2
Theo PTHH:
\(n_{CuCl_2}= n_{CuO}= 0,4 mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{CuCl_2}= 0,4 . 135= 54g\)
c)
\(m_{dd sau pư}= m_{CuO} + m_{dd HCl}= 32 + 146=178 g\)
C%= \(\dfrac{54}{178} . 100\)%= 30,337 %
a) \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{0,4958}{24,79}=0,02\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=0,6.1=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
0,02<------0,04<----0,02<-----0,02
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(p\text{ư}\right)}< n_{HCl\left(b\text{đ}\right)}\left(0,04< 0,6\right)\Rightarrow HCl\) dư, \(CaCO_3\) tan hết
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CaCO_3}=0,02.100=2\left(g\right)\\m_{CaSO_4}=5-2=3\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) dd sau phản ứng có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl\left(d\text{ư}\right)}=0,6-0,04=0,56\left(mol\right)\\n_{CaCl_2}=0,02\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M\left(HCl\left(d\text{ư}\right)\right)}=\dfrac{0,56}{0,6}=\dfrac{14}{15}M\\C_{M\left(CaCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,6}=\dfrac{1}{30}M\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(m_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200\cdot8}{100}=16\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{16}{40}=0,4mol\)
\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4
a)\(m_{HCl}=0,4\cdot36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{7,3}\cdot100=200\left(g\right)\)
b)\(m_{NaCl}=0,4\cdot58,5=23,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2O}=0,4\cdot18=7,2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddsau}=200+200-7,2=392,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%=\dfrac{23,4}{392,8}\cdot100=5,96\%\)
c) \(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)
\(2NaOH+SO_2\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\)
0,4 0,3 0,3 0,3
\(m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,3\cdot142=42,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200.5\%}{100\%.40}=0,25(mol)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{36,5.20\%}{100\%.36,5}=0,2(mol)\\ a,NaOH+HCl\to NaCl+H_2O\)
Vì \(\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{1}>\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{1}\) nên \(NaOH\) dư
\(b,n_{NaOH(dư)}=0,25-0,2=0,05(mol);n_{NaCl}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{\text{dd sau p/ứ}}=0,2.58,5+0,05.40=13,7(g)\\ c,m_{NaCl}=0,2.58,5=11,7(g)\\ d,n_{H_2}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} C\%_{NaOH}=\dfrac{0,05.40}{36,5+200-0,2.2}.100\%=0,85\%\\ C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{11,7}{36,5+200-0,2.2}.100\%=4,96\% \end{cases}\)