CMR\(\sqrt{\frac{a+b+c}{3}}\)>hoac bằng \(\frac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}{3}\)
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a. Phải là nhỏ hơn hẳn nhé, ko có dấu = đâu
CM:
a,b,c là 3 cạnh 1 tam giác\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2< c^2\Rightarrow a^2+b^2< c^2+2ab\Rightarrow\sqrt{a^2+b^2}< \sqrt{c^2+2ab}\)
cm tương tự ta có: \(VT< \sqrt{c^2+2ab}+\sqrt{b^2+2ac}+\sqrt{a^2+2bc}\)
Theo BĐT Bunhia \(\Rightarrow VT< \sqrt{a^2+2bc}+\sqrt{b^2+2ac}+\sqrt{c^2+2ab}\)\(\le\sqrt{\left(1+1+1\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac\right)}=\sqrt{3\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\sqrt{3}.\left(a+b+c\right)\)
2, (cần cù bù thông minh) Quy đồng
\(\left|\frac{a-b}{a+b}+\frac{b-c}{b+c}+\frac{c-a}{c+a}\right|=...=\left|\frac{\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\right|\) (chỗ ba chấm là bước quy đồng tự làm)
\(=\frac{\left|a-b\right|}{a+b}.\frac{\left|b-c\right|}{b+c}.\frac{\left|a-c\right|}{a+c}\)
\(\le\frac{ \left|a-b\right|}{2\sqrt{ab}}.\frac{\left|b-c\right|}{2\sqrt{bc}}.\frac{\left|a-c\right|}{2\sqrt{ca}}\left(Cauchy\right)\)
\(< \frac{c}{2\sqrt{ab}}.\frac{a}{2\sqrt{bc}}.\frac{b}{2\sqrt{ca}}\left(Bđt\Delta\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{8}\left(đpcm\right)\)
2. Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô - si cho 3 số dương \(\frac{a}{b},\frac{b}{c},\frac{c}{a}\)ta có
\(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a}{b}.\frac{b}{c}.\frac{c}{a}}\)\(=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = c
Điều kiện: \(a;b;c\) dương
Ta có:
\(P=\sum\sqrt{\frac{a}{a+b}}=\sum\sqrt{a\left(b+c\right)}.\frac{1}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P^2\le\left(\sum a\left(a+b\right)\right)\left(\sum\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}\right)=\frac{4\left(ab+ac+bc\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{P^2}{4}\le\frac{\left(ab+ac+bc\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)+abc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}=1+\frac{abc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{P^2}{4}\le1+\frac{abc}{2\sqrt{ab}.2\sqrt{bc}.2\sqrt{ac}}=\frac{9}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow P^2\le\frac{9}{2}\Rightarrow P\le\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
a) Ta có BĐT:
\(a^3+b^3=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2-ab\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)ab\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+abc\ge ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+abc}\le\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
Tương tự cho 2 bất đẳng thức còn lại rồi cộng theo vế:
\(VT\le\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{bc\left(a+b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{ca\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a+b+c}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{1}{abc}=VP\)
Khi \(a=b=c\)
\(3,\)Áp dụng bđt Mincopski \(\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{c^2+d^2}\ge\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)^2+\left(b+d\right)^2}\)hai lần có
\(VT\ge\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)^2}+\sqrt{z+xy}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{x+y+z+2\left(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)+\left(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{1+2t+t^2}\left(t=\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\right)\)
\(=\sqrt{\left(t+1\right)^2}=t+1=VP\left(Đpcm\right)\)
\(2,\frac{2\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}}\le\frac{2\sqrt{ab}}{2\sqrt{\sqrt{a}.\sqrt{b}}}=\sqrt{\sqrt{ab}}\left(đpcm\right)\)
bđt cần c/m tương đương với:
\(\left(\frac{b+c}{\sqrt{a}}+\sqrt{a}\right)+\left(\frac{a+c}{\sqrt{b}}+\sqrt{b}\right)+\left(\frac{a+b}{\sqrt{c}}+\sqrt{c}\right)\ge2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)+3\\ \ \)\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c}}\right)\ge2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)+3\)
Mặt khác:
\(a+b+c\ge\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2}{3}\)
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c}}\ge\frac{9}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}\)
=> \(VT\ge3\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
Ta cần c/m:
\(3\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\ge2\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)+3\)
<=> \(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{abc}}=3\)(BĐt Cô-si)
xong rồi bạn nhé
Đề như này đúng ko \(3\le\frac{1+\sqrt{a}}{1+\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1+\sqrt{b}}{1+\sqrt{c}}+\frac{1+\sqrt{c}}{1+\sqrt{a}}< 3+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\)
Dấu \("\ge"\) thứ 2 dấu "=" ko xảy ra
Đặt \(A=\frac{1+\sqrt{a}}{1+\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1+\sqrt{b}}{1+\sqrt{c}}+\frac{1+\sqrt{c}}{1+\sqrt{a}}\)
\(A\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{\left(1+\sqrt{a}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{c}\right)}{\left(1+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{c}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{a}\right)}}=3\) \(\left(1\right)\)
CM : \(\frac{1+\sqrt{x}}{1+\sqrt{y}}< 1+\sqrt{x}\) ( với a, b nguyên dương )
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(1+\sqrt{x}\right)\left(1+\sqrt{y}\right)-\left(1+\sqrt{x}\right)>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(1+\sqrt{x}\right)\sqrt{y}>0\) ( luôn đúng với mọi a, b nguyên dương )
\(\Rightarrow\)\(A< 1+\sqrt{a}+1+\sqrt{b}+1+\sqrt{c}=3+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\) \(\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(3\le\frac{1+\sqrt{a}}{1+\sqrt{b}}+\frac{1+\sqrt{b}}{1+\sqrt{c}}+\frac{1+\sqrt{c}}{1+\sqrt{a}}< 3+\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\) ( đpcm )
Chúc bạn học tốt ~
\(\left(2+7\right)\left(2a^2+\dfrac{7}{b^2}\right)\ge\left(2a+\dfrac{7}{b}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2a^2+\dfrac{7}{b^2}}\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(2a+\dfrac{7}{b}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\sqrt{2b^2+\dfrac{7}{c^2}}\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(2a+\dfrac{7}{c}\right)\) ; \(\sqrt{2c^2+\dfrac{7}{a^2}}\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(2c+\dfrac{7}{a}\right)\)
Cộng vế:
\(VT\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(2a+2b+2c+\dfrac{7}{a}+\dfrac{7}{b}+\dfrac{7}{c}\right)=2+\dfrac{7}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(VT\ge2+\dfrac{7}{9}.\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\) (do \(a+b+c=3\))
\(VT\ge2+\dfrac{7}{9}.\left(\sqrt{a}.\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{a}}+\sqrt{b}.\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{b}}+\sqrt{c}.\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{c}}\right)^2=9\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cô-si, ta có:
\(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab},b+c\ge2\sqrt{bc},c+a\ge2\sqrt{ca}\)
<=>\(a+b+b+c+c+a\ge2\sqrt{ab}+2\sqrt{bc}+2\sqrt{ca}\)
<=>\(2.\left(a+b+c\right)\ge2.\sqrt{ab}+2.\sqrt{bc}+2.\sqrt{ca}\)
<=>\(3.\left(a+b+c\right)\ge a+b+c+2.\sqrt{ab}+2.\sqrt{bc}+2.\sqrt{ca}\)
<=>\(3.\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2\)
<=>\(\sqrt{3.\left(a+b+c\right)}\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\)
<=>\(\frac{\sqrt{3}.\sqrt{a+b+c}}{9}\ge\frac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}{9}\)
<=>\(\sqrt{\frac{a+b+c}{3}}\ge\frac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}{9}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: a=b=c
=>ĐPCM
\(\sqrt{\frac{a+b+c}{3}}\ge\frac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a+b+c\right)\ge a+b+c+2\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)a +b + c \(\ge\)\(1\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}\)(đúng)
Vậy cái ban đầu đúng